INR3502 Exam 2 Study Guide
This is NOT one of the 22 International Crimes under the jurisdiction of ICJ
Cross border trafficking
In 2014 all of the following countries EXCEPT ___________signed agreements which deepened their trade and political links with the EU, without the prospect of eventual membership.
Chechnya
Which three countries did not join the International Criminal Court (ICC) when it opened in 2002?
China, Iran, and US
_____________ countries are members of ILO.
185
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was established in
1947 to reduce trade restrictions among 23 countries
World Health Organization is involved in immunization, which prevents all of the following major communicable diseases of childhood, EXCEPT
AIDS
Until the Uruguay Round of trade negotiations, which of the following sectors were NOT included in the rules for international trade?
Agriculture and apparel
Which of the following is TRUE?
Agriculture is the main industry using child labor.
Which of the following is FALSE?
All labor and environmental conditions improve with income growth.
The basis for ICJ's jurisdiction is the consent of the States, parties to a dispute. Consent can be expressed in one of the following ways
All of the above
GAVI is engaged in
All of the options are correct
When was the concept of "crimes against humanity" first introduced into international law?
At the Nuremberg Trials
Multilateral economic cooperation and policy coordination is designed to
Both A and B are correct
The Schuman Plan led to the establishment of the European __________.
Coal and Steel Community
The Maastricht Treaty includes which of the following?
Committing the European Union to monetary union
The 2 countries involved in the Yerodia case were
Congo vs. Belgium
Which of the following topics is NOT on the agenda of the Doha Round of WTO trade negotiations?
Cosmetics
The departure of foreign doctors from the newly independent African nation of ________ in the 1960's created a health emergency.
Democratic Republic of Congo
This is NOT a function of WTO
Determining tariffs for different items.
Which of the following is the principle that diplomats are beyond the jurisdiction of the host country's national courts?
Diplomatic immunity
The most current round of multinational trade negotiations, is the __________round.
Doha
The most recent round of negotiation in the WTO is known as the
Doha Round
How did Coronavirus get its name?
Due to their crown-like projections on the pathogen.
The genesis of the European Economic Community, can be traced to
European Coal and Steel Community.
ICJ's advisory jurisdiction applies to questions referred to it by ALL but ________.
European Union
Advisory jurisdiction is binding.
False
After the WTO superseded GATT, it successfully ended most global trade disputes.
False
All the countries of the EU participate in the Schengen Agreement.
False
Although the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations succeeded in reducing nontariff trade barriers, it could not achieve reductions in tariff trade barriers.
False
Decisions of ICJ to be in favor of one party needs the support of 2/3 majority of the judges.
False
Decisions on contentious issues brought before ICJ by states are not binding on the states.
False
Global Public Health Intelligence Network analyzes health related events once they were detected.
False
ICC has the power to arrest suspects
False
ICC jurisdiction is chronologically, geographically limited.
False
ICJ is composed of 20 judges elected for a period of nine years.
False
ICJ judges are elected by the great powers.
False
Intellectual property refers to holdings of rare books and pieces of art that are traded on the world market.
False
Low-income countries are largely responsible for excess carbon dioxide emissions globally.
False
Other nations had tried economic union in the past, and since adopting a common currency had shown economic benefits for them, the nations of Europe decided to try it too.
False
Protestors at WTO meetings argue in favor of increasing trade liberalization.
False
The EU's key policymaking body is the European Commission.
False
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade was founded in 1995 as a successor to the World Trade Organization.
False
The International Court of Justice was the first established international court.
False
The International Criminal Court has jurisdiction over individuals who break private international law.
False
The International Labor Organization has been around since 1919, and has a consistent record of being willing to take action against countries that violate core labor standards.
False
The Maastricht Treaty eliminated passport controls at borders within the European Union.
False
The WTO encourages nations to take unilateral action on trade issues, including issues involving environmental protection.
False
The World Bank formed the World Trade Organization when it became clear that to alleviate poverty in developing nations, agricultural trade barriers were going to have to be reduced.
False
The World Trade Organization brings into the multilateral trading system manufactured goods and agricultural products, but not trade in services, intellectual property protection, and investment.
False
The best way to address differences in labor and environmental standards is through trade barriers.
False
The main focus of the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations was on tariff barriers rather than nontariff trade barriers.
False
The mission and membership of what is now the EU have narrowed continually since the founding of the European Coal and Steel Community in 1952.
False
The only members of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and its successor, the World Trade Organization (WTO), are developing countries rather than developed countries.
False
There are no age restrictions on who the ICC can try.
False
There are no plans for further widening of the European Union.
False
There is clear evidence of a race-to-the-bottom internationally, regarding working conditions and the environment.
False
Which of the following issues did the Uruguay Round not address?
Migration
Which of the following is the LEAST integrated area of the European Union?
Foreign Policy
ILO has a tripartite structure, it has
Government, employers and workers' most representative organization
The ICC trials take place in
Hague
The ICC is limited by "Complementarity" which implies
ICC's work has to be in accordance with local laws
Which of the following has received a Nobel Peace Prize?
ILO
Which of the following is NOT currently a member of the European Union?
Iceland
__________ is a Schengen country though it is not an EU member.
Iceland
States, UN and prosecutor can be parties to cases before the __________.
International Court of Justice
What court was established along with the creation of the United Nations after World War II?
International Court of Justice
Which branch of the UN can states turn to when seeking judicial settlement of conflicts?
International Court of Justice
The ad hoc tribunal for Rwanda was the predecessor of
International Criminal Court
The establishment of the ________ received open opposition from the United States, Israel, and China.
International Criminal Court
Which of the following is not a member of the WTO?
Iran
What is the underlying characteristic of the WTO?
It acts as an umbrella institution with the ultimate goal being the promotion of free international trade
What is the greatest weakness of the World Court?
It cannot force states to abide by its decisions.
Why is COVID 19 called novel coronavirus?
It is new and there is no precedent of this virus.
Which countries were the first to join the (then) European Economic Community after it was founded in 1958?
Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands
____________was first international human rights issue in Pre War Europe.
Labor
The forerunner to the ICJ, the Permanent Court of International Justice, was created as part of the deliberations at ______.
League of Nations
ALL, EXCEPT which of the following can be expected to be critical of the World Trade Organization?
Multinational corporations
Which of the following courts will hear cases brought to it by individuals?
NOT: Ad hoc Tribunal NOT: The European Court of Justice
According to the Most Favored Nation principle,
NOT: All of the Above
According to the Most-Favored-Nation (MFN) principle,
NOT: All of the above
Outstanding issue that Doha round of WTO sought to address was
NOT: All of the above
Which of the following weakness/es in GATT led to the creation of WTO
NOT: All of the above NOT: Non-tariff barriers not addressed in GATT rules
The International Criminal Court has jurisdiction over
NOT: All of the above NOT: national courts dealing with international cases.
How does the World Trade Organization (WTO) differ from GATT?
NOT: Both a and b are true NOT: The WTO promotes trade protectionism
What reason did American negotiators cite for not signing the treaty that established the International Criminal Court (ICC)?
NOT: Clashing American national interests NOT: Moral concerns NOT: The on going war on terror
Which of the following was a reason behind European integration with the Coal and Steel Community?
NOT: Coal and Steel increase the value of exports
The European Union's ultimate law-making authority is called the
NOT: European Commission
The path toward European unification began with the creation of the
NOT: European Economic Community
The primary legislative branch of the European Union is called the
NOT: European Parliament NOT: European Commission
The World Trade Organization provides for all of the following except:
NOT: Favorable national treatment
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the World Trade Organization (WTO)?
NOT: It developed from the notion that pooling state sovereignty would produce more gains than losses
Why was agriculture left out of the original General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) agreement?
NOT: It is too diverse
Which of these was NOT a round of negotiations concerning multilateral agreements by either the GATT or the WTO?
NOT: Kennedy Round
Which of the following treaties/agreements would be associated with creating a free trade area for the European Union?
NOT: Schengen Agreement
The ILO accomplishes its work through all BUT this body
NOT: The UN
The Uruguay Round of trade negotiations was primarily concerned with:
NOT: Trade guidelines NOT: Export tariffs NOT: Economic sanctions
In February 2017, ICC came in conflict with ___________ country over the issue pertaining to ____________.
NOT: USA, Immigrants
From the late 1940s until the creation of the WTO, the organization that was primarily responsible for conducting rounds of trade negotiations was the
NOT: World Bank
Which of the following is a criterion to join a single currency in the EU?
NOT: balance-of-payment deficit less than 10 percent of GDP NOT: Inflation no more than 10 percentage points above the average of the three lowest-inflation members NOT: National debt above 60 percent of GDP
Since the WTO has been largely successful in reducing tariffs it has begun to confront all, EXCEPT which of the following issues?
NOT: environmental protection measures
Since the WTO has been largely successful in reducing tariffs it has begun to confront ALL, EXCEPT which of the following issues?
NOT: labor standards
With respect to the InternationalCriminal Court, which of the of the following is correct
NOT: only individuals from signatory states can stand trial. NOT: a trial can begin only if a state turns over an individual for prosecution. NOT: the U.S. ratified the ICC treaty two years after the court was established.
The Tokyo Round of the GATT negotiations was notable because it was the first round
NOT: to limit the tariffs of the United States.
US invoked its veto powers in the Security Council to defeat a ICJ judgment in a 1986 case which was in favor of ________ and against US.
Nicaragua
Which nation is NOT one of the current members of the European Union?
Norway
All of the following are current international tribunals except
Nuremburg
____________was convicted for crimes against humanity in 2019.
Omar al Bashir
The League of Nations predecessor to the ICJ was
Permanent Court of International Justice
This is not one of the primary cases brought before ICJ between 1981-2010
Piracy on the high seas
The United States' refusal to ratify the International Criminal Court is largely based on __________ reasons.
Political
ICC was established under the terms of
Rome Statute
Who can refer cases to the International Court of Justice (ICJ)?
States only
Which of the following is not a source of the law for ICJ
Statutes of UN
_____________ has the highest number of children between the ages 5-17 working
Sub saharan Africa
In October 2014, ICC brought a case against a sitting head of state from
Sudan
This is not a part of the ILO's agenda
Supporting organizational activities of the labor force
"All human beings, irrespective of race, creed, or sex have the right to pursue both their material well-being and their spiritual development in conditions of freedom and dignity, of economic security, and of equal opportunity." This is clearly stated in
The Declaration of Philadelphia
Which of the following is TRUE?
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade created the World Trade Organization in the negotiations and treaty known as the Uruguay Round.
The Director-General of ILO is elected by
The Governing Body
The broad policies of the ILO are set by the
The International Labor Conference
Which of the following is NOT a criticism of international organizations like WTO?
Their decision-making is biased in favor of underdeveloped nations and against the interests of nations already industrialized.
What do the World Trade Organization and the World Bank have in common?
They are both involved in the commercial aspect of international law.
TRIP stands for ____________.
Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights
The founding document of the European Economic Community, and the document that continues to provide the basis for the European Union is the
Treaty of Rome
International Labor Organization was created by
Treaty of Versailles
According to the Most Favored Nation (MFN) principle, if the United States extends MFN treatment to China and then grants low tariffs on imports of shirts from South Korea, the United States is obligated to provide the identical low-tariff on imports of shirts from China.
True
After Brexit, Britain has to sign a new trade agreement with WTO.
True
All states that join the UN automatically become members of the ICJ.
True
Although technically, the World Trade Organization (WTO) violates the international norm of nonintervention, its members have voluntarily surrendered some of their sovereignty under the assumption that it would produce greater gains than losses.
True
Child labor is a common family survival strategy, especially for farmers in rural areas where it is hard to enforce rules or to reach the poor with any supporting infrastructure or social services.
True
Contrary to the principle of "sovereign immunity," heads of state can now be charged with war crimes under international law.
True
Copyrights, trademarks, and patents are used to protect the intellectual property of a nation from foreign imitators.
True
Diplomats, once accredited, enjoy special rights and protections in host countries.
True
Established in 1995, the World Trade Organization (WTO) took charge of administering the new global trade rules agreed at the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations.
True
Established in 1995, the World Trade Organization took charge of administering the new global trade rules agreed in the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations.
True
Forced labor can take the form of debt bondage, trafficking and other forms of modern slavery
True
Global Outbreak Alert Response Network (GOARN) alerted the world about the outbreak of Coronavirus in March 2020.
True
ICC is referred to as the court of last resort
True
ILO predates UNO.
True
Labor was the first human rights issue in pre war Europe
True
Members of the European Parliament today are directly elected by citizens of the EU's member states and have the power to overturn acts of the European Commission.
True
NAFTA is an example of a Regional Trade Agreement (RTA).
True
The European Union is the oldest, largest, and most ambitious integration agreement in the world today.
True
The ICC is NOT a part of the United Nations, but it maintains a cooperative relationship with the U.N.
True
The ICC's jurisdiction is time bound
True
The ILO Conference adopts conventions and recommendations which are legally binding obligations.
True
The International Court of Justice has no jurisdiction to try individuals' accused of war crimes or crimes against humanity.
True
The International Court of Justice is part of the UN.
True
The United States prefers to try cases in U.S. courts.
True
The Uruguay Round addressed the issues of intellectual property protection, trade barriers in services, and agricultural subsidies.
True
The Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations succeeded in establishing the World Trade Organization.
True
The Uruguay Round of trade negotiations resulted in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) being succeeded by the World Trade Organization (WTO).
True
The official language of ICJ is French.
True
The roots of the European Union are in agreements within the coal and steel industries.
True
Though it has few powers and cannot legislate on the rules of the community, the European Parliament has members directly elected by citizens in EU states.
True
Under the most-favored-nation principle, two nations agree to apply tariffs to each other, at rates as low as those applied to any other nation.
True
WHO trained auxiliary health professionals to provide maternity services in China and India.
True
WHO was engaged in environmental sanitation, safe water projects, during the 1940's and 50's.
True
WTO talks in the late 1990s led to opening of financial services.
True
Yaws is a kind of tropical bacterial infection.
True
The euro zone crisis indefinitely delayed consideration of admitting __________ or any other new members.
Turkey
The indictment of al-Bashir of Sudan was the only case brought before ICC by
UN
Which of the following countries has not ratified the ICC treaty?
United States
Who came up with the term "COVID-19?"
World Health Organization
In 1995 the ____________ was established to administer the new global trade rules agreed in the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations.
World Trade Organization
In which of the following organizations do poorer countries have the most power?
World Trade Organization
The first case of novel coronavirus was identified in ____________
Wuhan
Does the WTO come with its own institutional framework?
Yes, the WTO provides a common institutional framework for the implementation of free trade agreements
ICJ judges are elected by
both the UN General Assembly and the UN Security Council.
When countries try to ban child labor,
child labor often goes underground, with children working in the informal economy.
When a group of countries agree to remove barriers to the free movement of labor and capital as well as any remaining nontariff barriers on goods and services, this is usually called a
common market
A group of countries that agrees to eliminate all tariffs between them and then adopt a common set of tariffs on imports from other countries, is called a(n)
customs union
Place them in the order in which they were established earliest to last a. International Criminal Court b. Nuremberg Trial Court c. International Court of Justice d. European Union e. League of Nations
e, b, c, d, a
The creation of a single market out of a number of separate markets previously defined by national boundaries in order to take advantages of a larger market is called
economic integration
Forced Labor Convention of 1930 aimed at
ending the practice of compulsory labor used by colonial powers in their colonies
This is NOT one of the five labor standards proposed as basic rights
equal pay for equal work
If the U.S. were to ask Great Britain to arrest a suspect on British territory and hand him or her over for trial, this is known as __________.
extradition
ILO placed restrictions on Myanmar in 1996 because of
forced labor
A group of countries that agrees just to eliminate all tariffs between them, is called a
free trade area
The International Criminal Court was established to prosecute
individuals charged with war crimes.
What was the trade negotiation issue addressed when the 2001 meeting at Doha led to a declaration that states could exempt certain drugs from TRIPS rules to deal with serious domestic health crises.
intellectual property rights
One of the criticisms of the EU's common currency policy is that it
leads to a loss of country sovereignty.
The principle of the Most-Favored Nation status (MFN) essentially
levels the playing field among trading partners.
Low labor standards are usually associated with
low foreign investment
The goal of the World Trade Organization (WTO. dispute settlement process is to
mediate conflict
The agreement by European states to delegate some of their domestic decision-making power to the European Union is an example of
pooled sovereignty
WHO provides leadership on ALL of the following, EXCEPT
providing Coronavirus vaccines through its field offices
The GATT principle that called for mutual lowering of trade barriers between trading partners was known as
reciprocity
The three primary principles of GATT were
reciprocity, nondiscrimination, and transparency.
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and its successor, the World Trade Organization (WTO), have resulted in the
reduction in trade barriers via multilateral negotiations.
Most of the new members to the European Union are often
richer and more industrialized
Most states voluntarily observe international law most of the time because __________. (Hint: Why do you follow rules)
states' interests are served by the maintenance of an orderly and predictable international environment
The Uruguay Round of trade negotiations lowered
tariffs as well as nontariff trade barriers
In the Corfu channel case (1949) "compliance" is hard to measure because
the judgement was acted upon 50 years later
Most favored nation (MFN) status means that a country treats another country
the same as its other trading partners.
The WTO enforces its pronouncements
through members' promises to abide by them.
A Most Favored Nation status DOES NOT refer to_____________.
uniform civil code.
The "Four Freedoms" do NOT include the right to
vote in local elections