Integumentary

In the diagram, which area is composed of areolar connective tissue?

E

In the diagram, which is the papilla of the hair?

E

In the figure of a sagittal section of a fingernail shown below, which area acts similar to stratum basale, with mitotic cells?

E

In the photomicrograph shown below, which layer do new cells arise?

E

Which area stores approximately half of the body's lipid, secures the skin to underlying structures and consists of adipose and areolar connective tissue?

E

Dense irregular connective tissue will be found in the

Dermis

How do nutrients reach the epidermis?

Diffusing through the tissue fluid from blood vessels in the dermis

Which exocrine gland is primarily used for thermoregulation?

Eccrine sweat gland

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium composes the

Epidermis

The superficial layer of the skin is the

Epidermis

Which of the following best describes the events occurring at point B in the diagram of deep wound healing shown below?

Epithelium is migrating across wound

In a skin infection, which cell will take up and process microbial antigens?

Intraepidermal macrophages (Langerhans cells)

Albinism is the inherited inability to produce

Melanin

Which pigment secreted by specialized cells in the skin is capable of absorbing ultraviolet light?

Melanin

Without enzymatic action of tyrosinase, what pathway is blocked in the body pertaining to skin?

Melanin production

________ is/are a result of a progressive loss of collagen and elastic fibers.

Wrinkles

In the photomicrograph shown below, which layer is only seen in thick skin?

B

Which statements are true? 1. The majority of the skin does not contain stratum lucidum. 2. Stratum lucidum is found in areas of high friction, such as the palms and soles. 3. Live keratinocytes are located in the stratum lucidum. 4. Friction will cause the stratum lucidum to form calluses.

1 and 2

Choose the following statements that describe keratin. 1. Keratin is a tough, fibrous protein. 2. Keratin is used for pigmenting skin. 3. Keratin helps protect the skin. 4. Keratin participates in immune responses. 5. Keratin protects the skin from UV light.

1 and 3

Which statements describe the function and structure of the skin? 1. Collagen is the strongest fiber in the skin. 2. Blood vessels in the dermis supply the epidermis with nutrients. 3. The arrangement of epidermal ridges, mixed with sweat create fingerprints. 4. The papillary layer is the strongest portion of the dermis. 5. The reticular layer promotes stretching of the skin. Hide answer choices

1, 2, 4, 5

Which terms describe sebaceous glands? 1. Oil producing 2. Merocrine 3. Holocrine 4. Thermoregulation 5. Sebum 6. Apocrine

1, 3, 5

Which statements describing vitamin D are true? 1.The skin produces Vitamin D when exposed to UV light. 2.When the skin is exposed to UV light, it begins the reaction to convert the precursor molecule to calcitriol in the liver than kidneys. 3.Vitamin D supplements can be taken if individuals are not exposed to UV light. 4.Vitamin D stimulates the uptake of calcium from the intestines. 5.Vitamin D inhibits the function of phagocytes in immunity.

2, 3, 4

In the diagram of a hair root shown, which area may be missing in thinner hair?

A

In the diagram of skin shown below, which labeled structure generates fingerprints?

A

Which of the following areas in the diagram below gives the wound temporary integrity from external factors, like microbes?

A

Which structure in the figure produces a protein that helps protect the skin and underlying tissues from heat, microbes and chemicals?

A

Which structures in the figure are sensitive to warmth, coolness and itching?

A

In the figure of a sagittal section of a fingernail shown, a hangnail is associated with drying of what area?

B

An increase in the size or decrease in function of melanocytes can lead to

Atypical skin pigmentation

In the diagram of skin shown below, which structure illustrates that thin skin is present?

C

Which of the labeled cells in the diagram of deep wound healing shown below create the framework of fibers that new tissue is built?

C

Which structure in the figure detects touch sensations?

C

"Goose bumps" are caused by

Contraction of arrector pili muscles

You stepped on a nail. List the sequential strata of the epidermis that the nail penetrated through to reach the dermis.

Corneum, lucidum, granulosom, spinosum, basale

The skin is known as the ________ membrane.

Cutaneous

In the diagram of skin shown below, where is smooth muscle found?

D

In the figure of a sagittal section of a fingernail shown, the area that lacks the stratum granulosum is primarily protected by

D

In the figure of a sagittal section of a fingernail shown, which area is comparable to the stratum corneum with visible vascular tissue beneath?

D

In the photomicrograph shown below, which layer will contain melanocyte projections, keratinocytes and intraepidermal macrophages (Langerhans cells)?

D

Which structure in the figure produces a pigment that contributes to skin color and absorbs UV radiation?

D

In the diagram of a hair root shown, which area is composed of dense connective tissue?

F

Which structure would recognize pulling of the skin during stitches even after a doctor anesthetizes the area?

F

In the diagram of skin shown below, which area is primarily composed of areolar connective tissue?

G

In the diagram, where are actively dividing cells located?

G

In the diagram, where does apoptosis occur?

G

Which structure is primarily responsible for thermoregulation?

G

The subcutaneous layer is also known as the

Hypodermis

Which structures house Meissner's corpuscles, free nerve endings and capillary loops?

I

The buildup of bilirubin in an infant's blood can occur if the liver does not remove the chemical. This condition is

Jaundice

Vitamin C is important for collagen synthesis. Which area of the skin would be most affected if there is a deficiency in vitamin C?

Reticular region of the dermis

This type of exocrine gland undergoes a higher rate of mitosis due to its holocrine secretion

Sebaceous gland

Secretion mixture of fats, sterols, proteins and salts, that prevent water loss and can inhibit the growth of some bacteria.

Sebum

Tactile epithelial cells are located in the

Stratum basale

This layer is attached to the basement membrane by hemidesmosomes and to other cells by desmosomes.

Stratum basale

Apoptosis of cells occurs within the

Stratum granulosum

Which structure found in the skin plays an important role in thermoregulation?

Sweat glands

In the elderly, blood supply to the dermis is reduced and sweat glands are less active. This combination of factors would most affect

The ability to thermoregulate

Most adipose tissue in the body is considered 'white fat'. Why is the subcutaneous layer often yellowish-orange?

The pigment carotene is stored there

Which statement best describes why the diagram represents thick skin?

Thick skin contains five stratums

Put the events of keratinization in order. a. Accumulate keratohyalin granules. b. Cells increase in size, some retain ability to divide. c. Cell membrane thickens. Cells imbedded in lipid matrix. d. Cells within this layer proliferate.

d, b, a, c