Integumentary Anatomy Chapter 6 Exam #2

corneum, granulosum, spinosum, and basale

4 layers of epidermis skin in order from superficial to deep

blood vessels

A hemangioma is a congenital anomaly that results in skin discoloration due to ______ that proliferate and form a benign tumor.

first

A mild sunburn with no blistering is an example of a ______-degree burn.

third

Corrosive chemicals, fire, and prolonged contact with extremely hot water usually cause ______-degree burns.

yes

Do all people, of all skin tones, have about the same number of melanocytes.

nucleus

During the process of keratinization, the cell's ________and organelles disintegrate and the cells start to die.

body, edge

Each nail plate consists of a pinkish nail ______ and a distal whitish free ______

scar

Fibrous tissue is also known as ______ tissue.

friction ridges

Fingerprints are useful as a forensic tool because each individual has a unique pattern of ______.

epidermis, redness

First-degree burns involve only the ______ and are characterized by ______, pain, and slight edema (swelling)

fingerprints

Friction ridges on the tips of fingers are known as ______. Multiple choice question.

2-4

Healing of second-degree burns takes approximately ______ weeks, and slight scarring may occur

3-5

In first-degree burns, the healing time averages about ______ days, and typically no scarring results.

Granulosum

In the layer of the epidermis called the stratum_________ , the process of keratinization begins.

stratum lucidum

In thick skin, there is an extra layer of epidermal cells. This layer is called the stratum ___

regeneration and fibrosis

In what two ways are damaged skin tissues normally repaired?

4

Keratinocytes of the epidermis are usually present for about ______ week(s).

simple, coiled, and tubular

Merocrine sweat glands are classified as ______ glands that release their secretion onto the surface of the skin.

dendritic

Motile cells in the dermis are called ______ cells

corneum

Nails are derived from the same type of cells that produce the stratum ______ layer of the epidermis.

cancer

Overexposure to UV rays is the primary factor in the development of almost all skin ______.

fair skin

People most likely to develop skin cancer are those with ______.

skin cancer

People who experienced severe sunburns as children, are most at risk for ______.

Melanocytes

Scattered among the keratinocytes of the stratum basale are pigment-producing cells called

exocrine

Sebaceous glands and sweat glands are types of ______ glands of skin.

epidermis, dermis

Second-degree burns involve the ______ and part of the ______.

third degree burn

Skin grafting is normally necessary for ______.

skin cancer

Sunscreen usage reduces the likelihood of ______.

dermal papillae

The ______ contain(s) the capillaries that supply nutrients to the cells of the epidermis.

reticular

The ______ layer of the dermis consists primarily of dense irregular connective tissue with large bundles of collagen fibers.

papillary

The ______ layer of the dermis contains areolar connective tissue and dermal papillae.

reticular layer

The ______ of the dermis forms the deeper, major portion of the dermis and extends from the papillary layer to the underlying subcutaneous layer

keratin

The cells of the stratum corneum contain large amounts of the protein ____

deep, collagen fibers

The dermis is ______ to the epidermis and contains primarily ______.

0.4-0.6

The epidermis of thick skin ranges between ______ millimeters thick

dead

The exposed parts of nails and hair are composed of _______ keratinocytes

all

The integument is the body's largest organ and is composed of ______ basic tissue types.

stratum basale

The layer of the skin from which most new epidermal cells are derived from is the ___

nucleus or DNA

The main function of melanin pigment is to protect the

provides thermal insulation, protects the body, acts as an energy reservoir

The main functions of the subcutaneous layer are which of the following?

merocrine sweat glands

The most numerous and widely distributed sweat glands in the body are ______.

Keratinocytes

The most numerous cells of the epidermis are

stratum corneum

The most superficial layer of the epidermis is the_____

epidermis

The most superficial layer of the integument is the

epidermal appendages

The nails, hair, and exocrine glands of the skin are known as ____

Transpiration

The release of water vapor from sweat glands when we are not sweating is a process called

sweat ducts, hair follicles

The secretion from merocrine sweat glands is carried to the surface of the epidermis via ______. The secretions of apocrine sweat glands are carried into ______.

water resistant

The skin is best described as _____

epidermis and dermis

The skin is made up of two distinct layers which are the ____

corneum

The stratum ______ consists of about 20 to 30 layers of dead, scaly, interlocking keratinized cells.

thick skin

The stratum lucidum is found only in ___

hypodermis

The subcutaneous layer is also known as the ______ or superficial fascia.

areolar and adipose connective tissue

The subcutaneous layer or hypodermis is made up of two types of connective tissue, which are

merocrine; apocrine

The two types of sweat glands in the skin are ______ sweat glands and ______ sweat glands.

thickness, coloration, and skin markings

There are three main variations in the epidermis. These variations are

prolonged exposure to the sun

To reduce the likelihood of skin cancer, people should use sunscreen regularly and avoid ______.

true

True or false: Skin cancer can develop in people of any age.

true

True or false: The amount of melanin in the skin is determined by both heredity and light exposure.

True

True or false: The epidermis exhibits variations among different body regions within a single individual, as well as differences between individuals.

false

True or false: The palms of the hands have more hair than the soles of the feet.

infection or dehydration

When a person is severely burned, a primary danger is _______ because the individual has lost the protective skin barrier and water can escape from body tissues.

Sudoriferous

______ glands are also called sweat glands.

friction ridges

_____are located on the fingers, palms, soles, and toes are formed from large folds and valleys on both the dermis and epidermis.

squamous cell carcinoma

arises from keratinocytes of stratum spinosum

malignant melanoma

arises from melanocytes, usually in a preexisting mole

basal cell carcinoma

most common type of skin cancer

malignant melanoma

most deadly type of skin cancer due to aggressive growth and metastasis

epidermis, papillary layer, dermis, reticular layer, subcutaneous layer

orders of integumentary layers

basal cell carcinoma

originates in the basale

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

type of tissue on the epidermis