Integumentary System
skin can regenerate effectively even after considerable damage has occurred because
stem cells persist in both the epithelial and connective tissue components of the skin even after injury
An epidermal layer found only in the skin of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet is that
stratum lucidum
Each of the following is a function of the integumentary system exept one
synthesis of vitamin D
as cells are push from the deeper portion of the epidermis towards the surface
they die
Wrinkles and sagging skin in elderly individuals are the result of
thinning of the epidermis and loss of the protein elastin
Epidermal cells synthesize the vitamin when exposed to sunlight
vitamin D3
The effects of aging on the skin include
a decline in the activity of sebaceous glands
A "rug burn" is an example of an
abrasion
An individual with large sebaceous glands maybbe prone to develop this condition
acne
The condition that results from a clogged sebaceous gland is
acne
The _____ glands function as scent glands
apocrine
underarm
apocrine
Most body oder is the result of bacterial metabolism of the secretions produced by
apocrine sweat glands
_____ are more accumulations of fluid within the epidermis or between the epidermis and the dermis
blister
When smooth muscles in the walls of dermal blood vessels contract,
body heat is conserved
________ is the pigment found in vegetables that can make skin appear orange or yellow
carotene
Corneum
dead cells
The dermis is composed largely of
dense irregular connective tissue
Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels located in the
dermis
reticular layer
dermis
The layer of skin that provides protection against bacteria as well as chemical and mechanical injuries is
epidermis
The two components of the cutaneous membrane are the
epidermis and dermis
which of the following is the correct order of layers of the cutaneous membrane from top to bottom
epidermis dermis hypodermis
Sweat helps to cool the body by
evaporation
accessory structures of the skin include
hair follicles, apocrine sweat glands, arrector pili muscles, sebaceous glands
Injections made under the skin are called
hypodermal injections
The thermostat for the body is the
hypothalamus
when the skin is exposed to UV radiation it responds by
increasing melanin production
The pigment melanin
is produced by cells called melanocytes and is found in higher concentration in individuals with darker skin, protects DNA from the damaging effects of UV radiation
A thickened area of scar tissue is covered by shiny, smooth epidermal surface is called a
keloid
The protein that contributes to many of the skins protective qualities is called
keratin
The substance that gives the skin its waterproofing ability is
keratin
waterproof
keratin
The subcutaneous layer is made of
lose connective and adipose tissue
The pigment responsible for giving skin its hue is
melanin
Melanoma
melanocytes
The most severe type of skin cancer is most likely to develop from
melanocytes
variations in hair color reflect differences in the type and amount of pigment produced by
melanocytes
Thick skin can be found on the
palms
in a condition known as sunstroke the victim of peers flush the skin is warm and dry and the body rises temperature dramatically
phaseodilation, dehydration, the patient is in danger of death
in a condition known as sunstroke the victim of peers flush the skin is warm and dry and the body rises temperature dramatically
phaseout dilation, do you hydration, the patient is in danger of death
Functions of the skin include:
regulating body temperature
Glands that discharge a waxy secretion into hair follicles are
sebaceous glands
The sweat glads that are sensitive to changes in sex hormone concentrations are
sebaceous glands
why would an elderly person be more prone to skin infections and a younger person
skin repairs take longer in the elderly, there are fewer micro phages in the skin of the elderly, the dermis is thinner than the elderly, the blood supply to the dermis is reduced in the skin of the elderly
superficial cancer
squamous
When the arrector pili muscles contract,
"goose bumps" are formed
A burn that involves only the epidermis like mild sunburn is classified as
1st degree
body temperature is close to
98.6 degrees F
Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet light
Can result in damage to the DNA of cells in the stratum germinativum
deepest layer of cells in the epidermis in the cell stratum
Germinativum
When a fair-skinned person blushes, why does his or her skin turn red?
The blood supply to the skin increases
Melanin serves to protect cells in the deeper layers of the epidermis from
UV rays
