Integumentary System

skin can regenerate effectively even after considerable damage has occurred because

stem cells persist in both the epithelial and connective tissue components of the skin even after injury

An epidermal layer found only in the skin of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet is that

stratum lucidum

Each of the following is a function of the integumentary system exept one

synthesis of vitamin D

as cells are push from the deeper portion of the epidermis towards the surface

they die

Wrinkles and sagging skin in elderly individuals are the result of

thinning of the epidermis and loss of the protein elastin

Epidermal cells synthesize the vitamin when exposed to sunlight

vitamin D3

The effects of aging on the skin include

a decline in the activity of sebaceous glands

A "rug burn" is an example of an

abrasion

An individual with large sebaceous glands maybbe prone to develop this condition

acne

The condition that results from a clogged sebaceous gland is

acne

The _____ glands function as scent glands

apocrine

underarm

apocrine

Most body oder is the result of bacterial metabolism of the secretions produced by

apocrine sweat glands

_____ are more accumulations of fluid within the epidermis or between the epidermis and the dermis

blister

When smooth muscles in the walls of dermal blood vessels contract,

body heat is conserved

________ is the pigment found in vegetables that can make skin appear orange or yellow

carotene

Corneum

dead cells

The dermis is composed largely of

dense irregular connective tissue

Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels located in the

dermis

reticular layer

dermis

The layer of skin that provides protection against bacteria as well as chemical and mechanical injuries is

epidermis

The two components of the cutaneous membrane are the

epidermis and dermis

which of the following is the correct order of layers of the cutaneous membrane from top to bottom

epidermis dermis hypodermis

Sweat helps to cool the body by

evaporation

accessory structures of the skin include

hair follicles, apocrine sweat glands, arrector pili muscles, sebaceous glands

Injections made under the skin are called

hypodermal injections

The thermostat for the body is the

hypothalamus

when the skin is exposed to UV radiation it responds by

increasing melanin production

The pigment melanin

is produced by cells called melanocytes and is found in higher concentration in individuals with darker skin, protects DNA from the damaging effects of UV radiation

A thickened area of scar tissue is covered by shiny, smooth epidermal surface is called a

keloid

The protein that contributes to many of the skins protective qualities is called

keratin

The substance that gives the skin its waterproofing ability is

keratin

waterproof

keratin

The subcutaneous layer is made of

lose connective and adipose tissue

The pigment responsible for giving skin its hue is

melanin

Melanoma

melanocytes

The most severe type of skin cancer is most likely to develop from

melanocytes

variations in hair color reflect differences in the type and amount of pigment produced by

melanocytes

Thick skin can be found on the

palms

in a condition known as sunstroke the victim of peers flush the skin is warm and dry and the body rises temperature dramatically

phaseodilation, dehydration, the patient is in danger of death

in a condition known as sunstroke the victim of peers flush the skin is warm and dry and the body rises temperature dramatically

phaseout dilation, do you hydration, the patient is in danger of death

Functions of the skin include:

regulating body temperature

Glands that discharge a waxy secretion into hair follicles are

sebaceous glands

The sweat glads that are sensitive to changes in sex hormone concentrations are

sebaceous glands

why would an elderly person be more prone to skin infections and a younger person

skin repairs take longer in the elderly, there are fewer micro phages in the skin of the elderly, the dermis is thinner than the elderly, the blood supply to the dermis is reduced in the skin of the elderly

superficial cancer

squamous

When the arrector pili muscles contract,

"goose bumps" are formed

A burn that involves only the epidermis like mild sunburn is classified as

1st degree

body temperature is close to

98.6 degrees F

Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet light

Can result in damage to the DNA of cells in the stratum germinativum

deepest layer of cells in the epidermis in the cell stratum

Germinativum

When a fair-skinned person blushes, why does his or her skin turn red?

The blood supply to the skin increases

Melanin serves to protect cells in the deeper layers of the epidermis from

UV rays