International Marketing Exam
Restraining forces affecting global integration and global marketing
-management myopia -organizational culture -national controls -opposition to globalization
Which country has the biggest market for Tupperware?
Indonesia
Intel's loose brick was:
It's narrow focus on complex microprocessors for PC's
Packaging aesthetics are particularly important to the ____________ consumer
Japanese
The new country which joined the EU at the beginning of 2015 is:
Lithuania
According to Geert Hofstede's study, which of the following is a key cultural dimension that helps account for rapid economic growth in Asia?
Long-term orientation
Intel's focus on designing complex, expensive microprocessors for PCs enabled competitors to develop cheaper chip sets for non-PC electronics devices. In the strategic intent model of competitive advantage, this is an example of:
Loose bricks
The country which boasts the world's fastest average Internet speed is:
South Korea
In order to form a free trade area, South Africa has signed a Trade, Development, and Cooperation Agreement (TDCA) with:
The EU
The leading country in the "worlds most competitive countries" is
The United States
Devaluation
The reduction of a nation's currency against other currencies
Which of the following best describes the legal basis for protection of trade secrets, patents, and copyrights in the United States
Trade secrets are protected by state law, while patents and copy rights are protected by federal statutes
Companies such as Caterpillar have been unable to protect critical innovations in japan because
products very similar to those made by U.S. companies can be patented without fear of infringement
Advertising, public relations, and other forms of communication are critical tools in the marketing program and reflect the ______________ (P) of the marketing mix
promotion
In a contest of 45 different languages covering 60 countries, marketers for Axe Apollo invited consumers to fill out an "astronaut profile." This is an example of:
sales promotion by global marketer.
To fight counterfeiting, the "Disney Magical Journey" promotion was keyed to mail-in hologram stickers on genuine Disney products. Participants could win Disney DVDs, TV sets, and trips to Hong Kong Disneyland. This is an example of:
sales promotion by global marketer.
Basic criteria that marketers should keep in mind while assessing opportunities in global markets include all of the following except:
securing first-mover advantage
The formulation, imagery, and consumer appeal of Colgate's Total brand toothpaste were designed to translate across national boundaries. This new global brand represents which type of product innovation?
continuous innovation
Other international personal selling approaches that fall somewhere between sales agents and full-time employee teams include all of the following except:
contract manufacturing or production.
Nike came under fire from critics who alleged poor working conditions in the factories that make the company's athletic shoes. This is an example of the demand for:
corporate social responsibility
Despite the high expenses associated with operating elegant stores and purchasing advertising space in upscale magazines, the premium retail prices that luxury goods like Louis Vuitton command translate into handsome profits. The Louis Vuitton brand alone accounts for 60% of LVMH's operating profit. On the other hand, Louis Vuitton spends $10 million annually battling:
counterfeiters in countries such as Turkey, South Korea, & Italy
mercantilism or competitive-currency politics
countries do not allow their currency to fluctuate
A box of Crest toothpaste contains a coupon entitling the buyer to save 50 cents when purchasing a Crest toothbrush. What type of sales promotion does this represent?
cross coupon
When British entrepreneur Richard Branson established the first Virgin Megastore in France, he invested a great deal of money to develop a retail space on the famous Champs-Elysées. Judging by the approach Branson used, he and his management team must have viewed France as:
culturally close and easy to enter
In Hong Kong and Singapore, western catalogers are finding it easy to market because of all of the following reasons except:
few mail-order companies.
Which of the following is not a useful guideline for US-based direct marketers wishing to reach global customers?
Focus on all countries included in the European Union.
Germany's Mittelstand companies have been extremely successful pursuing:
Focused differentiation
McDonald's global marketing chief staged a competition that includes agencies from all over the world. The "I'm lovin it" tag line was devised by an ________ agency
German
After recovering from the destruction of its economy during world war 2, __________ became an economic superpower as a direct result of export strategies
Germany
Competitive advertising may impair the effectiveness of the message due to the fact that it may:
Get distorted by noise
Problems faced by small markets around the world in collecting research data can be overcome by all of the following ways except:
Get information from selected individuals who may be familiar with demographics
The country which has a massive potential for cigarette manufacturers is:
China
To provide positive proof that dumping has occurred in the United States, both _____________ And injury must be demonstrated
Price discrimination
Lessons that are learned from Starbucks' company's cooperation with NGOs include all of the following except:
appreciate the value of the NGOs dependence.
It was found that Malaysians hesitate to use coupons due to the:
fear of public embarrassment
Linguists have divided the study of languages into four main areas. The system of word formation is referred to as:
morphology
By definition, _______________ feature a narrow but deep merchandise mix and high levels of service
specialty retailers
A basis for global marketing expert David Arnold's framework for screening intercountry comparisons includes:
"Bottom-up" segmentation analysis
Which of the following is true about proper use of the term "countertrade"?
"Countertrade" is a term that refers to several different types of business transactions
In exchange for a pledge to carry at least 40 different Procter & Gamble products, participating stores receive regular visits from P & G representatives who tidy and arrange display areas. This motivational program is referred to as:
"Golden-store program"
forces affecting global integration and global marketing
-multilateral trade agreements -converging market needs and wants and the information revolution -transportation and communication improvements -product development costs -quality
In addition to "selling" their vision, top management at both Whirlpool and GE face the formidable task of building:
A cadre of globally oriented managers
Which of the following can be defined as a business philosophy that values two-way communication between a company and Individual customers?
CRM
The country that withdrew from the original members of the Andean Community is:
Chile
Management experts often use terms like ____________ to describe an organization in which autonomous business units operate with their own agendas and a minimum of horizontal interdependence
Chimneys
Hershey rolled out a new line of condensed-milk candies, named Yo-man, specifically targeting the premium candy segment in:
China
Representatives of the apparel, footwear, furniture, and textile in many countries are deeply concerned about the impact that increased trade with ______________ will have on these sectors
China
A new digital cassette recorder from Phillips was a market failure, in part because advertisements did not clearly mention the fact that the product could make CD-quality recordings using new cassette technology while still playing older, analog tapes. This is an example of:
Communicability
Suppose Apple has collected extensive survey data about its new iPhone, and respondents have rated it on twenty different features and benefits. Now researchers want to reduce the amount of data to a few underlying dimensions. Which data analysis technique should the researchers use?
Factor analysis
According to Michael Porter's research on the competitive advantage of nations, human, physical, knowledge, capita, and infrastructure resources are all components of a country's
Factor conditions
McDonald's global marketing chief staged a competition that included agencies from all over the world. The "I'm lovin' it" tagline was devised by a(n) agency.
German
Facebook's consumer insights team divided the 1.6 million online shoppers into several categories that include all of the following except:
Golden Elite
The unauthorized distribution of trade marked goods to exploit price differentials in world markets is known as:
Gray marketing
Economic system: Market capitalism
Individuals and firms allocate resources, production resources are privately owned, driven by consumers, governments role is to promote competition among firms and ensure consumer protection
____________ is a form of paid television programming in which a particular product is demonstrated, explained, and offered for sale to viewers who a toll-free number shown on the screen
Infomercials
Claude Shannon's technical report led to his pioneer work for which he is regarded as the inventor of the:
Information theory
Konbini is a convenience store in __________ where consumers can pay for online purchases
Japan
Caterpillar's attention was focused elsewhere when Komatsu made its first international entry into the Eastern European Market. based on the strategic intent Framework, this is an example of:
Loose bricks
A key player in the cell phone business who could have been first to market with a cell phone camera is:
Motorola
Which of the following could hinder the success of products labeled "made in Bangladesh" or "made in Thailand" in export markets?
Negative country-of-origin bias
Trade deficit
Negative current account
Which company ranked number one in terms of ad spending in Europe as of 2016?
Nestle
The world's newest common market includes all of the following countries except:
Nigeria
Stupid types of political risk insurance to US companies is provided by:
OPIC (overseas private investment corporation)
Alcatel-lucent, the French telecommunications equipment manufacturer has launched a service that sends tailored text messages when smartphone users are near a specific location such as a store, hotel, or restaurant. This capability can help in all of the following ways except:
Obtaining demographic information about the smartphone users
Smartphones that are equipped with a Global Positioning System can determine the user's exact geographic position. This capability has created new opportunity for marketers h using all of the following innovative means except:
Obtaining demographic information about the smartphone users
The most general term for the global phenomenon involving reciprocal business interactions between parties in various countries is known as:
Offset
Campbell's has been marketing soup in japan for more than 40 years. Early on, Japanese consumers were not receptive to ads featuring the Campbell kids and the "m'm m'm good" slogan. This compelled Campbell's to develop ads featuring a talking soup can known as "mr.campbell." Campbell's also developed soup varieties for Japan with fish as the main protein source and spices that reflect local preferences. As described here, which of the following strategies has Campbell's used in Japan?
Product-communication adaption
Kashani and Quelch identify four factors that contribute to more involvement of company headquarters in the sales promotion effort, which include all of the following except:
Promotion
The price of a six-pack of Heineken varies in price by as much as 50 percent depending on whether it is sold fire to all of the factors except:
Promotion
India's Tata Group participates in a variety of industries. Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
Tata Group's Taj Hotels acquires Ritz Carlton in Boston and sold it at a loss
Apple learned an important lesson about the potential drawbacks of ethnocentric pricing in China. All of the following statements relate to this lesson except:
Tencent Holding's popular WeChat app in China charges for tipping
In Southern China, McDonald's is careful not to advertise prices with multiple occurrences of the number four because:
The "word" four is pronounced similar to the word "death" in Cantonese
Islamic law is a comprehensive code based in part on
The Koran
European countries would benefit from having an FTA with The United States. However there are some sticky points, which need resolution. All of the following points need reconsideration except:
The US government would like easing of restriction for purchasing European goods
Which country or region offers direct marketers the advantage of a well-developed mailing list industry?
The United States
Economic exposure
The impact of currency fluctuations on the present value of the company's financial performance
Global marketers must understand the importance of visual aesthetics embodied in the color or shape of a product, label, or package. Which of the following statements is not true regarding the use of color in selected countries?
The red Marlboro color had to be changed in some Asian countries.
Global marketing
The scope of activities outside the home-country market
The advertising promise that captures the reason that people buy products is known as
The selling proposition
The advertising promise that captures the reason that people buy products is known as:
The selling proposition
Ideally, each country-specific site should reflect all of the following except ________ which may not be familiar to shoppers in some countries.
The shopping cart icon
The characteristics of home demand for a firm's products or services include all of the following except:
The size of the competitors' share of the home demand
Pricing objectives in export market may vary depending all of the following factors except:
The stability of prices globally
Exchange risk occurs when
The value of a currency changes as it is traded
Which of the following statements related to Brexit is not accurate?
U.K. Business community was firmly against the remain camp
The automobile industry has become fiercely competitive on a global basis. The initial success of foreign automakers in the United States was due to all of the following reasons except:
U.S. manufacturers did not realize drivers' preferences.
All of the following statements are true regarding services provided by Uber except:
Uber is considered as an "information-society service" in 250 cities where it operates.
European consumers have faced a number of food-related issues, including an outbreak of hoof-and-mouth disease and continuing concerns over mad cow disease. As a result, many are skeptical about GMOs (genetically-modified organisms) and the benefits of eating food products that incorporate genetically-engineered ingredients. As one French citizen noted recently, "We have a very risk-averse society that has been completely traumatized by food scares." Thinking about this situation in terms of Hofstede's cultural values framework, one might reasonably interpret this remark to indicate that France ranks relatively high in:
Uncertainty avoidance
Which of the following consumer products companies experienced a major product failure in Europe due to inadequate test marketing?
Unilever
When a company uses international or multimodal transportation, it is:
Using land and water shipping
Which of the following does not qualify as a "category killer?"
Victoria's Secret
Which of the following digital revolution pioneers were instrumental in created the "network of networks" that is now known as the Internet?
Vint Serf and Bob Kahn
According to data published by Advertising Age (2016) which of the following is largest global advertising organization based on worldwide revenues?
WPP Group
According to data published by Advertising Age (2016), which of the following is the largest global advertising organization based on worldwide revenues?
WPP Group
Managers must decide how well a company's product fits the country market by asking all of the following questions except:
Will it be possible to neglect home-country regulations?
Driving forces affecting global integration and global marketing
World economic trends, leverage
According to Sony's US segmentation, 55 years old or older consumers are referred to as:
Zoomers
Balance of payments
a record of all economic transactions between residents of one country and residents of the rest of the world
Political and social instability in the middle eastern region can primarily be attributed
a wide gap between rich and poor nations due to oil revenues.
The corporate development team at Virgin evaluates more than a dozen proposals each day from outside and within the company. When assessing new-product ideas, they look for all of the following except:
aesthetic attributes of competitors products.
The domain name for Amazon.com for Germany is:
amazon.de.
In the six-step presentation plan, the first and last steps are respectively:
approach; servicing the sale
For consumer products, qualitative research is especially well suited to accomplish all of the following tasks except:
assess consumer spending trends.
Italy recently introduced the Reguzzoni-Versace Law which is intended to regulate trade in textiles, leather, and footwear. All of the following statements pertaining to the law are correct except:
at least four stages of production should occur in Italy for the product to be labeled as "Made in Italy."
For years, ads for Volvo automobiles stressed safety features and protection in the event of a crash. Thus, Volvo automobiles developed a reputation based on which positioning strategy?
attribute/benefit
______________ can also be thought of as an asset representing the value created by the relationship between the brand and its customers over time
brand equity
The effective integration of products and brands with entertainment can be seen on the TV hit American Idol. This type of trend is referred to as:
branded entertainment
Global industry
competitive advantage can be achieved by integrating and leveraging operations on a worldwide scale
Chinese direct-response television has learned that there are many obstacles that still need to be overcome, which include all of the following except:
consumers' savings rate is very low.
Generally speaking, a company has little control over media. To compensate for this lack of control, many companies utilize
corporate advertising
Generally speaking, a company has little control over media. To compensate for this lack of control, many companies utilize:
corporate advertising
When Walmart stores first expanded into Mexico, management established a joint venture with the country's largest retailer. Judging by the approach Walmart used, management must have viewed Mexico as:
culturally distant and difficult to enter
In developing countries, such as Ghana, the best way to communicate with market segments may be through:
dance, songs, and storytelling.
Employee ability is emphasized in a lean production environment. Before being hired, people seeking jobs with Toyota participate in the Day of Work, an assessment test to determine who has the right mix of qualities. These qualities include all of the following except:
decision making
Which of the following generic strategies best captures the way Harley-Davidson has achieved competitive advantage in the global motorcycle industry?
focused differentiation
Some wine importers insist on shipping their wines in refrigerated containers to protect the wines from being damaged by high temperatures. Such importers are creating which kind of utility?
form utility
The availability of the Product processed, prepared, in proper condition, and/or ready to use is referred to as:
form utility
In selecting an advertising agency, all but one of the following issues should be taken into consideration:
franchise or company owned status
As a starting point, firms that comply with Western cost-accounting principles typically use the pricing method known as:
full absorption cost
To motivate shopkeepers to stock more of P & G's products, the company launched a:
golden store program
There are barriers in Japan for global marketers in terms of attitudes as well as laws. Barriers include all of the following except:
goods marketed should have a semblance of western products and services.
Givenchy and Christian Dior's Dune fragrance are two of the luxury perfume brands that are sometimes diverted from authorized channels for sale at mass-retail outlets. This practice is referred to as:
gray market
When Tag Heuer, a marketer of luxury watches, takes out newspaper ads urging consumers to purchase Tag Heuer products from authorized dealers only, the company is most likely attempting to combat the ________ problem.
gray market
The ________ the level of environmental sensitivity for a given product, the _______ the need for managers to address country-specific economic, regulatory, technological, social, and cultural environmental conditions
greater, greater
While some food preferences remain deeply embedded in culture, there is plenty of evidence that global dietary preferences are converging. Examples of such a change can be predicted from the:
growing number of McDonald's restaurants globally.
Which of the following can negatively influence the rate of diffusion of an innovation?
high complexity
The universal concerns for global companies established by the United Nations Global Compact consist of the following three dimensions:
human rights, labor, and the environment.
After much trial and error in creating sales forces, most companies today attempt to establish a:
hybrid sales force composed of expatriates and in-country nationals.
The efforts of global companies to reach low-income consumers in emerging markets highlight the importance of skillful global market segmentation and targeting. Market segmentation represents:
identifying customers based on similar needs and desires
Even in the face of such tough and growing competition, Adidas still enjoys high brand loyalty among older Europeans. The company recruits young people and pays them to wear Adidas shoes in public. This is an example of:
image advertising
Thomas Burke, an executive at Saatchi & Saatchi, is quoted as saying ________ are "the most powerful form of advertising ever created."
infomercials
In Chinese markets, Nike had a problem using the "Just Do It" attitude which was not found to be appropriate. Finally, Nike decided to use Chinese athletes in their promotion. This type of adaptation was needed due to:
ingrained Chinese values which respect authority.
A freighter loaded with 40-foot shipping containers leaves a port in Europe and sails to New York, where the containers are transferred to railroad cars and transported to the West coast. At the port of San Francisco, the containers are loaded onto another freighter bound for Japan. The term that best describes this situation is:
intermodal transportation
When managers at Matsushita realized that cost advantages in TV production were often fleeting, they added quality and reliability advantages, thus establishing:
layers of advantage.
The benefits of strong brands include all of the following except:
less inelastic consumer response to price increases
An approach to competitive advantage that exploits weaknesses in competitors' narrow-focus strategies is called a ___________ strategy.
loose bricks
Which of the following is not identified by porter as one of the possible types of barriers to entry in an industry?
loose bricks
Generally speaking, international trade results in:
lower prices for goods
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using an expatriate sales force?
maintaining is very expensive
Which form of organization design is capable of integrating geographic knowledge, product knowledge, functional competencies, and customer knowledge?
matrix structure
Which of the following assumptions does not belong in a list of characteristics of lean production?
maximize backwards integration
The unauthorized publication or reproduction of copyrighted work is referred to as:
piracy
After the research effort has zeroed in on potential markets, marketers should:
plan a personal visit.
Unilever hired a promotional marketing firm to pass out Lever 2000 hand wipes in food courts and petting zoos. This is an example of:
point-of-dirt sampling
Any company doing business outside the home country should first carefully study the ________ in the target country.
political culture
A company adopting a(n) ________ approach to worldwide PR activities gives the host-country practitioner maximum leeway to incorporate local customs and practices into the PR effort.
polycentric
Nintendo was fined nearly $150 million after it was determined that the video game company had colluded with European distributors. The distributors in countries with lower retail prices had agreed not to sell to retailers in countries with high prices. This is a classic example of:
price fixing
To promote its Centrino wireless chip, Intel launched a global ad campaign that features different combinations of celebrities. These celebrities were chosen because they are widely recognized in the key world markets. This type of strategy is referred to as:
product extension-communications adaptation
Having established that the matrix organizational structure is appropriate, management can expect to integrate the following competency on a worldwide basis:
product knowledge and know-how
In fall 2002, a new Broadway production of Puccini's La Boheme was set in Paris circa 1957. The stage set included billboards for luxury pen maker Montblanc and Piper-Heidsieck champagne. This is an example of:
product placement
Some global marketers make the strategic decision to establish a presence on the Web without offering transaction opportunities even though the product could be sold that way. Such sites are known as:
promotion sites.
Web sites can be classified by purpose as represented by the term:
promotion sites.
Because advertising is often designed to add ____________ value to a product or brand, it plays a more important communications role in marketing consumer products than it does for marketing industrial products
psychological
In less-developed countries the most important channel of distribution is:
public marketplaces
One task of the ________ department is to generate nonpaid forms of communication to foster goodwill among customers and others.
public relations
British entrepreneur Richard Branson has built a global business empire by:
relying on brand extension.
When Sony introduced the first consumer VCRs in the 1970s, the retail price exceeded $1,000. Within a few years the price dropped well below $500. This is an example of:
skimming strategy
When one of the parties to a barter transaction is not willing to accept the goods included in the transaction, that party is likely to utilize the services of a:
switch trader.
Mexican customers generally carry small coins. To keep prices of shampoo and detergent below 11 or 12 pesos, Procter & Gamble is using which method of pricing?
target costing
Industry observers expect the popularity of home shopping to increase during the next few years due to:
the introduction of interactive television.
Product saturation levels
the percentage of potential buyers or households who own a particular product
Joseph Quinlan, chief marketing strategist at Bank of America, estimated that about 25 percent of U.S. merchandise exports represent shipments by American companies to their foreign affiliates and subsidiaries. This situation underscores the importance of ________ in global marketing
transfer pricing
Which of the following is not an element of Rugman and D'Cruz's flagship model?
Focused differentiation
In the 1950's, which company used transistor technology licensed from Bell Labs to develop the transistor radio?
Sony
Which of the following shows the correct order from the highest to the lowest sensitivity level?
Food, computers, integrated circuits
Which company ranked number one in terms of ad spending in Europe in 2016?
Nestle
The 4 p's
Product, price, place, promotion,
interactive television (iTV) allows viewers to see an ad in its entirety by pressing a remote button; to order products from home-shopping channels; or choose different camera angles, such as for sporting events. Comments by James Pennefather, brand manager for Smirnoff, UK, based on comparison of traditional TV ads to ITV features included all of the following except:
"It allows viewers to interact with programming"
Some of the world's most memorable advertising campaigns have achieved success because they originate from an idea that is so big that the campaign offers opportunities for a seemingly unlimited number of new executions. Such a campaign is said to have:
"Legs"
A technique, which is analogous to the concept of global product platforms is:
"Pattern advertising"
In the language of global marketing, _________ is the phrase used to describe advertising that represents a middle ground between 100% standardization and 100% localization
"Pattern advertising"
In the language of global marketing, ____________ is the phrase used to describe advertising that represents a middle ground between 100% standardization and 100% localization
"Pattern advertising"
_________ is the technique global marketers use to describe ads with common design elements into which localized elements are inserted for individual country markets
"Pattern advertising"
According to Euromonitor International, the global market for foods that offer health benefits is currently worth about _________ billion in annual sales.
$600
Two automakers that have joined the race to bring low-cost cars to the emerging market are:
Tata and Nissan
Together, innovators and early adopters make up about ________ of the potential market for a new product.
16%
G-20, Group of Twenty
1999, finance ministers and central bank governors of 19 countries and the EU. Included developing nations like Argentina, Brazil, India, Indonesia, turkey
Which of the following does not contribute to the establishment of an international division?
A lack of desire by management to scan the globe for opportunities and threats
Considering hofstedes notion of culture as "the collective programming of the mind" then attitudes can be defined as
A learned tendency to respond in a consistent way to a given object or entity
Which of the following is not characteristic of direct marketing?
A marketer relinquishes control of product when it is turned over to channel intermediaries.
Management orientation: regiocentric orientation
A region is the relevant geographic unit (NAFTA or the European Union market), some companies serve markets throughout the world but on a regional basis
Negotiation requires both customer and the salesperson:
To agree to disagree
Which of the following would constitute a copyright violation?
A, B, and C are copyright violations
Which global company has dissolved its matrix structure in order to achieve "greater speed and efficiency by further focusing and flattening the organization"?
ABB
According to data published by Advertising Age (2017), which of the following is the largest global advertising agency network based on worldwide revenues?
Accenture
The top Digital Agency Network by 2016 Interactive Marketing Revenues is:
Accenture Interactive
Which of the following actions were approved by the Antitrust Ruling in the United States?
Acquisition of HoneyWell (U.S.) by GE (U.S.)
In response to increasing world-wide concerns about obesity, diabetes, and other food-related health issues, some of the worlds largest food companies are developing new products. Nestle and Groups Danone SA have developed several health foods, which include all of the following except:
Activia
A nontariff barrjer (NTB) includes all of the following except:
Ad valorem duty
According to david whitwam, former CEO of Whirlpool, one must create an organization whose people are:
Adept at exchanging ideas, processes, and symptoms
Which of the following is not characteristic of mass marketing?
Advertising is used to generate an immediate inquiry or purchase.
Japan's Fuji Photo Film asked its advertising agency to develop an advocacy campaign for the United States targeted to appeal both to Walmart and to its customers. This is an example of:
Advocacy advertising
Japan's fuji photo film asked its advertising agency to develop an advocacy campaign for the United States targeted to appeal both to Walmart and to its customers. This is an example of:
Advocacy advertising
Benefits for using sales agents include all of the following except:
Agents can eventually replace manufacturer's sales agents
Because they are in transition, the markets of central and Eastern Europe present interesting opportunities kites and challenges, which include:
All of these
For consumer products, qualitative research is especially well suited to:
All of these
If a distributor's margins are based on the "landed" price of an import shipment; they will based on:
All of these
In developing countries, globalization opponents accuse companies of:
All of these
If a company's hone currency strengthens, it is:
An unfavorable turn of events for the typical exporter
Chance events play a role in shaping the competitive environment. Chance events are occurrences which include all but one of the following:
Annual business meeting
Originally the EU tariffs on Chinese and Vietnamese shoe imports are known as:
Antidumping duties
As part of the alliance relationship, northwest airlines and KLM royal dutch set air fare prices jointly and coordinate flight schedules. Normally, such behavior would be considered harmful to competition, but the US government has granted the two airlines special exemptions from laws concerning :
Antitrust
An innovation can mean all of the following except:
Any product newly introduced in the world
Argentina was allowed to break from the CET and raise duties on consumer goods. This crisis had a silver lining, which is evident from all of the following points except:
Argentina became known for the world's most expensive wines.
Argentina provides a good example of how a country can emerge from an economic crisis as a stronger global competitor as per the following statement:
Argentina devalued its currency for exports and capital transactions.
In advertising, a _____________ is a agent who chooses graphics, pictures, type styles, and other visual elements and has general responsibility for the overall look of an advertisement
Art director
Pschyographic segmentation involves grouping people in terms of their
Attitudes, values, and lifestyle
Which of the following statements is not an example of local products or brands?
BMW uses "the ultimate driving machine" slogan in India.
There are several preferred trade arrangements in Latin America which include all of the following except:
BRIC
Which of the following is not identified by Porter as one of the five forces that explains competition in an industry?
Bargaining power of competitors
Suppose you are a sales representative for Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) in Japan. You are trying to convince Toshiba to buy your company's super fast Opteron microprocessor for its new laptop computer. Toshiba's representative seems interested; but eventually does not actually place an order. Confidentiality, the representative tells you that he is afraid that intel will withhold shipments of its Pentium 4 if he does business with AMD. Thinking about Intel's role in this scenario, which of the following elements of the five forces model is evident here?
Barriers to entry
Which of the following forms of countertrade does not require use of money or credit between parties?
Barter
Maslow's hierarchy is applicable to global marketing because it can help explain how:
Basic human needs can drive the development of global products
"Usage rates" and "user status" are important criteria for which segmentation variable?
Behavioral
Marketers know that Russians consume a great deal of vodka. This type of market segmentation can be classified as:
Behavioral
The key to maintaining competitive advantage, according to W. Edwards Deming is:
Being committed to constant improvement
Proctor & Gamble has identified a group of consumers in Europe who are willing to pay premium prices for pet food that will improve the health of their pets. This is an example of __________ segmentation
Benefit
BRICS are long recognized as offering significant growth opportunities
Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa
In west Africa, Burkina Faso, the Ivory Coast, and Senegal are for more French colonies, while Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and Ghana are former British colonies. Based on this jnfor Akron which of the following would be correct?
Burkina Faso, the Ivory Coast, and Senegal are civil-code countries, while Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and Ghana are common-law countries
Internet penetration is less than 10 percent in:
Burundi.
Russia joined G-7 in 1998, making it G-8
But was suspended in 2014 for annexing the Crimean peninsula
Which of the following is not one of the four arenas in which dynamic strategic interactions are played out in hyper competitive industries?
Buyer and supplier power
Walmart refuses to stick CDs bearing parental advisory stickers for explicit lyrics or violent imagery. Recording artists who want their recording available at Walmart have the option of altering lyrics and song titles or deleting offensive tracks. Likewise, artists are sometimes asked to change album cover art if Walmart deems it offensive. Considering the elements of the five forces model this is an example of:
Buyer power
Secondary stakeholders include all of the following except:
Employees
Restrictive administrative and technical regulations can create barriers to trade which may take all of the following forms except:
Common agricultural policies
Many American car buyers perceive Korean cars as:
Cheap
A market research study of soft drink consumption and distribution in Hungary commissioned by an American company indicated that soft drinks were available in drugstores. However, western-style drugstores do not exist Hungary. This illustrates and important issue in global marketing research, namely:
Comparability of data
Building layers of advantage is one of the elements of Hamel and prahalad's framework for:
Competitive innovation
Many firms have gained competitive advantage by disadvantaging rivals through:
Competitive innovation
The advantages that a regional management center can offer include all of the following except:
Considerable cost saving.
Which of the following most accurately describes the relative length of consumer and industrial distribution channels?
Consumer channels tend to be longer (consist of more intermediaries) than industrial channels.
Websites that provide news and entertainment and support a company's PR efforts are known as:
Content sites
Most new products fall into the category described as:
Continuous innovation
Luxury good marketers found a new way to combat gray market imports into the United States. In March 1995, the U.S. Supreme Court let stand an appeals court ruling prohibiting a discount drugstore chain from selling Givenchy perfume without permission. The distinctive packaging of the perfume is also protected by the U.S. Copyright law. The ruling implies that:
Costco and Walmart will be able to sell Givenchy with authorization.
Challenges for marketers in other countries examples
Counterfeiting and piracy in China, bribery and corruption
For research, the unit of analysis can be a single country or region; however, for all market-entry decisions, __________ data are not required
Countrywide
_________ builds upon the elimination of internal tariff barriers, the establishment of common external barriers, and the free flow of factors
Customs union
A Vice President of an American software company introduced himself to a group of Korean partners and added "you may just call me john" although this verbal cue shows the underlying reality that Americans have a high value on informality and equality, it needs adaptation due to the reason that
Customs, hierarchies, and class structure of Korean culture have to be respected
The practice of registering a particular domain name for the express purpose of reselling it to the company that should rightfully use it is called:
Cybersquatting
Which of the following is not an advantage of using sales promotions?
Enables company to build its database
Which of the following correctly characterizes the retailing strategy shared by Virgin Megastores?
Few product categories, manufacturer brand focus
In today's dynamic global competitive environment, organizations needs to develop new forms of:
Flexibility, efficiency, and responsiveness
When a seller has agreed to deliver goods to a buyer at a place the buyer names in the country of import, with all costs, including duties paid, it is referred to as:
DDP
In developing countries, such as Ghana, the best way to communicate with market segments may be through:
Dance, songs, and storytelling
According to David Arnold, there are four possible approaches to forecasting by analogy, which does not include which of the following?
Data is available on the same product in every country
Examples of a "brand symbol" include all of the following except:
Date of manufacture on coca-cola cans
Sony's Bly-ray DVD format has gained widespread acceptance. Sony, Sharp, Panasonic, and other Japanese manufacturers are all experiencing __________ sales of traditional electronics products
Declining
Which personal computer company began life as a b-to-b marketer and then began marketing direct to the home PC market?
Dell
The country which has the highest rates of value added tax (VAT) in the European Union is:
Denmark
"Containerization" refers to a company's:
Designing attractive product packaging that will help a product "sell itself"
Which of the following is not one of the steps in the Strategic/Consultive Selling model?
Develop ethnocentric policy
In a socially responsible firm, employees performs all of the following except:
Develop their own core ideologies
Globalization (Standardization)
Developing standardized products marketed worldwide with a standardized marketing mix, Essence of mass marketing
Dollar stores are classified under:
Discount retailers
The Walt Disney company's decision to build a theme park in France provides an excellent vehicle to understanding SRC (self reference criterion) all of the following statements listed below portray this meaning except
Disney executives were blinded by their prior success and ethnocentrism
Demographic segmentation is based on measurable characteristics of populations that includes all of the folding examples except:
Disney hopes to capitalize on the huge number of young people and their incomes as a means to extend its brand
What type of international on al disputes would be taken before international court of justice?
Disputes between two nations
Product/market growth matrix: new market with new product
Diversification strategy
All of the following basic consideration questions are important for those whose responsibility includes setting prices on goods that cross borders except:
Does the local market use target costing?
The world economy, not individual countries, is the
Dominating factor
Although it is certainly possible for European consumers to browse Amazon.com's US site, they prefer a direct link to a site with a local domain name. All of the following are possible reasons for such behavior except:
Due to price fluctuations the preference will be for the web site that quotes prices in US dollars
If a company sells products in export markets at prices that are below fair market value and that can harm producers in the export market, that company may be accused of:
Dumping
The sale of merchandise in export markets at unfair prices is known as:
Dumping
Which of the following is not one of the Clayton Christensen's principles of disruptive innovation?
E-Commerce activities can be divided into three categories
Bureaucracy is listed as a political risk category by:
EIU (Economist Intelligence Unit).
Management orientation: polycentric orientation
Each country is unique, each subsidiary develops its own unique business and marketing strategies, often referred to as multinational, leads to a localized or adaptation approach that assumes products must be adapted to local market conditions
Management orientation: geocentric orientation
Entire world is a potential market, strives for integrated global strategies, retains an association with the headquarters country, pursues serving world markets from a single country or sources globally to focus on select country markets, leads to a combination of extension and adaptation elements
The high level of political risk currently evident in Russia can be attributed in part to:
Environment of uncertainty for foreign companies
When companies adopt an indirect involvement channel they have all of the following activities except:
Establish their own sales force
Alfred Zeien, former chairman of Gillette, once noted that his company's Parker Pen unit does not have to develop a special model for Malaysia and Singapore because shoppers worldwide seek the same things when buying a gift that will serve the recipient as a status symbol. This insight relates to which level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Esteem
A proposed merger between two swisss based global pharmaceutical companies, Cuba-gelgy AG and Sandoz AG, would be subject to reviews by regulators from which of the following
European Commission
Peppers and Rogers described different steps that are involved in one-to-one marketing. These steps include all of the following except:
Evaluate
The decision by Toyota executives to introduce the sienna minivan in the US market was based on their study of a __________ market
Existing
E-commerce diminishes the importance of national barriers and
Forces companies to re-evaluate business models
Which of the following can be referred to as a "buyer for export" or an "export commission house" and operates on behalf of a buyer from a foreign country?
Foreign purchasing agent
______________ are variously referred to as a buyer for export, export commission house, or export confirming house.
Foreign purchasing agents
In ___________, the Tupperware brand is associated with hip young women rather than traditional homemakers:
France
Which approach to retail expansion is most appropriate when targeting a country that management considers both culturally close and easy to enter?
Franchise
The form of economic cooperation that calls for countries to eliminate all internal barriers to trade among themselves even while maintaining independent trade policies with third countries is known as
Free trade area
The best answer that represents the lowest to the highest level of economic integration
Free trade area -> customs union -> common market -> economic union
Governmental actions that discourage imports and block markets include all of the following except:
Free trade zones
Ranking of economic freedom
Free, mostly free, mostly unfree, depressed
An internet site's address of the World Wide Web is a:
HTTP
The international court of justice is located in
Hague
Building layers of advantage, searching for loose bricks, changing the rules of competitive engagement, and collaborating are elements of the competitive advantage framework developed by:
Hamel and Prahalad
When Walmart entered the German market, ________ were already entrenched.
Hard discounters
Anheuser-Busch and Miller brewing both experienced market failures in the United Kingdom when they used the phrase "light beer" which was misinterpreted as
Having reduced alcohol levels
BMW and Porsche have developed Apple Watch apps that enable drivers to remotely check many items within their cats which includes all of the following except:
Help recharging the car's batteries
Del Vecchio, the Italian entrepreneur's business principles include all but one of the following:
Hiring qualified personnel
Which of the following statements is not correct?
Home Depot pulled out of China.
Management orientation: Ethnocentric orientation
Home country is superior to others, sees only similarities in other countries, assumed products and practices that succeed at home will be successful everywhere, leads to a standardized or extension approach
Wi-Fi, or wireless fidelity, permits laptop and PDA users to establish high-speed wireless connections to the internet via:
Hot spots
The _______________ framework was developed by Professor Richard D'Aveni to describe a business environment in which no form of competitive advantage can be sustained for long because of escalating and accelerating competitive forces
Hypercompetition
A commodity raw material that comes from Africa, is refined in Asia, is shipped to South America for finishing, and finally is transported to the Middle East and then sold around the world mimics products marketed by:
IKEA
Spot market
Immediate delivery
Tong Nam, CEO of LG, recently stipulated that English would be required throughout the company. His reasons for this action included all of the following statements except:
Impede information sharing
Comparing and contrasting the diffusion of innovations in western countries and Asia, one can say that:
In Asia, the adoption process begins more slowly but ramps up more rapidly than it does in western countries
Which one of the following statements is incorrect regarding matrix organizational structure?
In a matrix organization, managers rely on higher authorities for decisions.
In 1998, UK based retailer Marks & Spencer closed its office in Shanghai and tabled it's plans to commence operations there. After 3 years of research, they concluded that the timing is not right. The majority of their customers are from middle-income groups. Within a decade, however, China's emerging middle class represented an attractive opportunity. Marks & Spencer opened its first store in shanghai in 2008; by 2017, there were 10 stores. However, when it's sales stalled, the company pulled out of China for the second time. Part of the problem: low brand awareness, plus the fact that many Chinese shoppers preferred "fast-fashion" brands such as Zara and H&M. China was considered as an _____________ market in both instances
Incipient
The Tourism Authority of Thailand has developed a series of promotional campaigns and practices aiming at repositioning Thailand and changing public perceptions, which include all of the following except:
Increase country's transportation infrastructure and redeveloping crowded city areas in order to promote the sex trade
Gray markets impose several costs or consequences on global marketers, which does not include:
Increased product demand
One factor driving mobile ads in _____________ is the low rates that subscribers pay
India
While South Korea is considered "ready for tomorrow" in items of internet speed, countries that are "below today's application threshold" include all of the following except:
India
A nation's banking system, health care system, transportation system, and communications system, as well as the availability and cost of using these systems are considered as ___________ resources available for competitive advantage of a business
Infrastructure
The new user interface that has the potential to replace our phones, TVs, and desktop computers is described by all of the following terms except:
Interface reality
As a company's initial international business involvement becomes too much for single manager or export department to handle, the next step is typically to establish a:
International division structure
An ________ is a company's private data network, accessible only by authorized persons inside the organization.
Intranet
Reducing exchange rate risk: hedging
Involves balancing the risk of loss in one currency with a corresponding gain in another currency
The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) includes all of the following countries except:
Iraq
The value chain
Is composed of marketing, product design, manufacturing, and transportation logistics
The basic considerations for setting prices on good that are traded across borders does not include:
Is it feasible to use home country pricing?
Any Western country doing business in Malaysia or the Middle East should have an understanding of:
Islamic law
which one of the following statements describing brand equity is not accurate?
It is a perception about a brand as reflected by brand associations that consumers hold in their memories
Which of the following statement is not true related to the African Growth and Opportunities Act (AGOA)
It is designed to help African nations that help neighboring countries in need
"Cloud computing" is different from currently available technologies in all of the following aspects except:
It is installed in the computer's hard drive
Which of the following is an inaccurate description of secondary data use in global markets?
It is often so expensive that small companies cannot afford to access it
Which of the following is generally true about the marketing of high-tough products such as fine china and crystal?
It relies less on specialized information and more on image
Taiwan's Acer prospered by following founder Stan Shih's strategy of approaching the world computer market from the periphery. By the time Acer was ready to target the United States in earnest, it was already the number PC brand in key countries in Latin America, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East. This is an example of which component of competitive innovation?
Loose bricks
The uniform commercial code (UCC) is fully adopted by al US states except:
Louisiana
Coupons are not a favorite promotion tool for use in:
Malaysia
A customs union does not create a free trade area as compared to NAFTA due to
No common external tariffs
Organizations vary in terms of the size and potential of targeted global markets and local management competence in different country markets. Considering different factors and facts related to the constellation of pressures, which of the following statements is not accurate?
No two organizations arrive at precisely the same organizational pattern
Which of the following would not be taken into account by a company using an ethnocentric approach to pricing decisions?
None of these would be taken into account by a company using ethnocentric pricing
According to hofstede, a cultural dimension which describes a society in which the social roles of men and women overlap, with neither gender exhibiting overly ambitious or competitive behavior is known as
Nurturing
Packaging serves several important communication functions, which include all of the following except:
Packaging enhances functional benefits of the product
Implementation of the Central American free trade agreement with the United States created a free trade area known as DR-CAFTA that includes all SICA members except:
Panama
A formal legal document that gives an inventor the exclusive right to make, use, and sell an invention for a specified period of time is known as a:
Patent
Engineers at a company in a developing country study an American computer chip design, copy it, and produce identical chips that are then sold to local computer makers. What form of intellectual property has been wrongly appropriated?
Patent
Which of the following is true about revised U.S. patent laws?
Patents are valid for 20 years after the filing date of the application.
One global segment based on demographics is referred to as "global teens." It includes:
People between the ages of 12 and 19
Market
People or organizations that are both able and willing to buy
The town of impruneta in the Italian province of Florence, is a source of high-quality terracotta; the high iron content of the area's clay means that the finished pieces can withstand temperatures as low as -20 degrees Fahrenheit. Many artisan pieces are rolled by hand, including those imported in the United States by Seibert & Rice. This is an example of ____________ resources available for competitive advantage of a business
Physical
The only marketing mix element that is applicable in export selling is:
Place
Coca-Cola company's global marketing leadership position is based in part on its ability to put Coke "within an arm's reach of desire"; in other words, it is the ability to create:
Place utility
Parallel importing occurs when companies employ a(n)____________ multinational pricing policy that calls for setting different prices in different country markets
Polycentric
The process of global market segmentation begins with the choice of one or more variables to use as a bid for grouping customers. All of the following are variables that are commonly used except:
Polycentrics
When an organizations assigns regional or worldwide product responsibility to its product divisions, there are several advantages except:
Products can be tailored to local market needs
Advertising, public relations, and other forms of communications are critical tools in the marketing program and reflect the _________ (P) of the marketing mix
Promotion
Ads based on a ______ appeal depend on logic and speak to the audiences intellect
Rational
Ads based on a ___________ appeal depend on logic and speak to the audience's intellect
Rational
Research has shown that exporting is essentially a developmental proofed that proceeds in different stages. Before a firm reaches stage 4, it must do which one of the following activities?
Receive unsolicited export orders
The following activities must be performed when goods cross international borders except:
Receiving payments
Capital account
Record of all long term direct investment, portfolio investment, and capital flows
Current account
Record of all recurring trade in merchandise and services, and humanitarian aid
A company with headquarters in Europe and operational units in Canada, the United States, and Mexico would be well advised to consider establishing a(n):
Regional management center
According to Michael Porter's research on competitive advantage of nations, Switzerland's large synthetic dye industry and the success of the Swiss pharmaceuticals can be explained in terms of:
Related and supporting industries
All of the following statements represent mass marketing except:
Repetition is used within the ad/offer
The so-called "China triangle" includes:
Republic of China, Taiwan, Hong Kong
Which promotional technique is best suited to a situation in which a company wants consumers to actually try its product or service at no cost?
Sampling
Which of the following is not on top five of the world's most valuable brands according to 2017 rankings?
Samsung
A variety of environmental factors have combined to push retailers out of their home markets in search of opportunities around the globe. All of the following reasons are responsible for such a move except:
Saturation of the home-country market
Which is not considered a long term value?
Search for truth
Marketers in Gillette's Parker Pen subsidiary focused on upscale shoppers in Malaysia and Singapore. This is an example which coincides with Maslow's hierarchy related to:
Security
Companies entering emerging markets for the first time must exercise particular care in choosing a channel intermediary. Generally, a local distributor is required. What are some of the guidelines that should be considered in selecting a distributor in order to avoid any problems?
Select distributors; don't let them select you, Martian control over marketing strategy from day one, look for distributors capable of developing markets, treat local distributors as long-term partners
Proctor and gambles introduction of all temperature cheer detergent in Japan was a flop at first. The problem was that Japanese women wash clothes in cold water- either tap water or leftover bath water. So they don't care about all temperature washing. O&Zheng reformulated the product so it wouldn't be affected by fabric softeners, and ads for cheer in Japan pledged superior cleaning in cold water, not all temperatures. Which of the following might have helped p&g avoid the initial problems with cheer?
Self-reference criterion
Which of the following is not one of the levels in the Asian version of Maslow's hierarchy?
Self-respect
Reducing exchange rate risk: forward contracts
Set the price of the exchange rate at some point in the future to eliminate some risk
The original 6 members of the ASEAN (association of south east Asian nations) includes all of the following countries except
Sri Lanka
Which one of the following companies has a woman as the global chief marketing officer in the United States?
Starbucks
An important leadership task involves articulating all of the following points except:
Status
Standardized print campaigns can be used for all the following except:
Stereotype advertising
Coca-com's distinctive contour bottle, which is sold in many countries, illustrates the point that packaging:
Strategies can vary by country and region
Departmentalized, single-story retail establishments that offer food and nonfood items, mostly on a self-service basis are called:
Supermarkets
Single Country Marketing Strategy
Target Market Strategy, Marketing Mix: Product, Price, Promotion, Place
When introduced in the late 1970's, the VCR created new patterns of consumer behavior. For example, assuming the user could learn to set the timer, he or she could tape programs to watch at a later time. DVD, a playback only video system, was introduced in the late 1990's. DVD discs contain full length movies with digital sound in a format that resembles conventional music compact discs. Which of the following most accurately describes the respective degree of newness of these two global products?
The VCR is a discontinuous innovation; the DVD is a dynamically continuous innovation
Marketing
The activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large
Which of the following statements is not accurate regarding Alphabet Inc.?
The company also owns Advanced Technology and Projects (ATAP), which focuses on mobile applications
Focus
The concentration of attention on a core business or competence. (Nestle no soda)
Integration of competitive moves
The extent to which a firms competitive marketing tactics in different parts of the world are interdependent
Concentration of marketing activities
The extent to which activities related to the marketing mix (promotional campaigns or pricing decisions) are performed in one or a few country locations
coordination of marketing activities
The extent to which marketing activities related to the marketing mix are planned and executed interdependently around the globe
Rugman and D'Cruz have developed an alternative framework to Porter's five forces model. The framework, based on business networks, is called:
The flagship model
Which of the following incorrectly states the role of banks in import/export transactions involving a letter of credit (L/C)?
The importer's bank is the advising and/or confirming bank
Comparing the traditional formulation of Maslow's hierarchy with the results of current research on the consumer needs and motivation in Asia, which of the following is correct?
The lowest 2 levels of the hierarchy are the same in the traditional and Asian versions.
A company's efforts to effectively communicate with customers is very important. All of the following are major difficulties which can compromise an organization's attempt to communicate with customers except:
The message is only in one language
A company's efforts to effectively communicate with customers is very important. All of the following are major difficulties which can compromise an organizations attempt to communicate with customers except:
The message is only in one language
What happens if a nation has allowed a case against it to be brought before the ICJ (international court of justice) and then refuses to accept a judgement against it?
The plaintiff nation can seek recourse through the United Nations security council
Cloud-based music services are expected to have a major impact on the mobile music business. The reason for their popularity includes all of the following except:
The pricing schemes for various services are simple
In southern China, McDonald's is careful not to advertise prices with multiple occurrences of the number 4 because:
The word "four" is similar to the word "death" in Cantonese
The ability to speak foreign languages is one difference between managers born and raised in the United States and those born and raised elsewhere. Which of the following is true and reflects this statement?
There are 200 million Chinese children studying english
A. Coskun Samli had deviled a useful approach to global market segmentation that compares and contrasts "conventional" versus "unconventional" wisdom. An example of unconventional wisdom can be identified with which of the following assumptions?
There is a presence of a higher-income, middle-class segment in India
Which of the following is the best organization structure for global marketing?
There is no single "best" structure.
What do Ford Motor Company, Coca-Cola, Nike, and McDonald's all have in common?
They have all received a great deal of negative publicity in recent years.
Robert Noyce and Jack Kilby are pioneers in the digital revolution. What contribution did they make?
They invented the silicon chip.
What do value added taxes (VAT) encourage in countries such as China?
They result in cross-border shopping
global localization
Think globally, act locally
Barnes & Nobel entered the online book market as a response to the threat posed by amazon.com. This approach represents which aspect of the porter's five forces model?
Threat of new entrants
The possible arrangements of the responsibilities for handling exports include all of the following except:
Through an export department of an embassy in a foreign country
When a corporate name such as Sony is combined with a product brand name such as Walkman, the brand category is referred to as:
Tiered brand
Which of the following pioneers of the digital revolution developed the URL, HTTP, and HTML, this print the way for the World Wide Web?
Tim Berners-Lee
According to the hypercompetition model of competitive advantage, which of the following allows the firm to create an entirely new product or market?
Timing advantage
Revaluation
a nation allows its currency to strengthen
A ban on billboards in Brazil meant they have to come down, and in addition, transit ads on buses and taxis were not allowed. Denied access to traditional outdoor advertising, companies devised a number of alternative ways to communicate with prospective customers. These ways included all of the following except:
ads were placed on buses.
Which of the following transportation modes ranks lowest in capability?
air
Chinese authorities ratified the WHO's Framework Convention on Tobacco Controls; which means:
all forms of tobacco promotion and sponsorships will be phased out
A firm without much export experience uses the rigid cost-based pricing method. Which of the following considerations is the exporter ignoring?
all of the above
Sales representatives in which Japanese industry cultivate close long-term relations with customers by selling door-to-door?
automobiles
Which of the following shows the correct order of the product adoption process?
awareness→interest→evaluation→trial→adoption
The rivalry between Dell, Hewlett-Packard, Gateway, Compaq, and Apple forces all the players to undertake all of the following except:
change the rules of engagement
In the tech world, about 90% of the world's nearly one billion PCs run on Microsoft's operating systems and 80% use Intel's microprocessors. This represents which aspect of the Porter's five forces model?
bargaining power of suppliers
One of the highest profile companies, PepsiCo, which has done business in the Soviet and post-Soviet market for decades, has used this form of countertrade:
barter
The direct exchange of goods or services between parties in lieu of monetary payment is known as:
barter
BEMs
big emerging markets (central euro, Latin America, Asia)
The kind of brand awareness a company wants to project is identified by:
buyer perception
Around the world, various brands of personal computers are sold with Pentium processors. This fact is often used as a selling point, with advertising that proclaims "Intel Inside." Which branding concept does such advertising reflect?
co-branding
Landor Associates, a company specializing in brand identity and design, recently determined that ________ has the number one brand-awareness and esteem position in the United States, number two in Japan, and number six in Europe.
coke
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. and other Japanese companies manufacture airplanes under license to U.S. firms and also work as subcontractors for aircraft parts and systems. This type of effort is known as:
collaborating
Organizations, in order to be globally successful, must be viewed as a portfolio of:
competencies
The entry global retailing market expansion strategies include all of the following except:
departmental stores
Physical distribution and logistics are concerned with all but one of the following:
designing in-store displays
Anyone undertaking a market research project should understand that the first step is:
determining the information requirements
Which of the following is not a step in the strategic/consultative selling model?
develop a marketing mix
Building a prospect base is typically part of which step of the strategic/consultative selling model?
development of a personal selling philosophy
Which of the following does not contribute to price escalation in global marketing?
different Incoterms as incentives
Positioning refers to the act of:
differentiating a brand in customer's mind.
Maytag has been called "the Rolls-Royce of washers and dryers." Maytag markets Neptune, a high-tech machine, at a substantially higher than regular washer prices. This is an example of:
differentiation
By definition, a ____________ requires a large amount of learning on the part of users and typically creates new markets and consumption patterns
discontinuous innovation
Which form of regional cooperation agreement, when fully implemented, entails creation of a unified central bank, the use of a single currency, and common policies on agriculture, social services and welfare?
economic union
Peer-to-peer (p-to-p) marketing uses distribution channels through:
electronic commerce
A recent global campaign for IKEA, the Swedish home furnishings retailer, positioned houses as homes as a place for love, memories, and laughter. This is a classic example of:
emotional appeal
Ads that tickle the funny bone of the intended audience and evoke response that will direct purchase behavior are based on:
emotional appeals
In many parts of the world, McDonald's utilizes TV advertising that shows parents interacting with their happy children. Such advertising utilizes:
emotional appeals
In contrast to the lean producers, U.S. mass producers typically maintain operations that involve all of the following except:
employee teamwork
A company that is ________ in its approach to public relations (PR) will extend home-country activities into host countries
ethnocentric
If company managers decide to set the export price for a particular product at an amount equivalent to the home-country price, they would be using which approach to pricing?
ethnocentric
Suppose a company selling in various country markets makes statements such as "we know what the customer wants, and he or she will have to pay for it." This is an indication of a(n) ________ approach to setting prices.
ethnocentric
Critical marketing tool for global companies such as Red Bull is:
event marketing
A company in which an ethnocentric orientation prevails is likely to utilize primarily ________ in its sales force.
expatriates
When a company must decide on the composition of its foreign sales force, which alternative is generally the most expensive?
expatriates
Which of the following receives a fee for bringing together an exporter and a buyer in another country?
export broker
The following criminal penalties may be imposed for violations of the FCPA'S (Foreign Corrupt Practices Act) antibribery provisions except:
fines imposed on individuals can be paid by their employer or principal.
Which of the following does not describe the Toyota Production System (TPS)?
fixed setup time
Hundreds of small companies such as Martin-Logan and Mark Levinson compete in the high-end audiophile segment of the consumer electronics industry. If analyzed in terms of Porter's generic strategies framework, such companies might be said to be pursuing competitive advantage via:
focused differentiation
Forward market
future delivery
A __________ company possesses a critical marketing advantage with respect to marketing communications
global
As companies recognize and embrace new concepts such as the globalization of coffee culture, the potential for effective global advertising:
increases
Generally speaking, which of the following product categories represents the best potential for extension into international markets without adaptation?
industrial products
One challenge of using CRM is:
integrating data into customer relationships
A French winery packs its wine in a 40-foot container that is trucked to a port and then loaded onto an ocean-going vessel. This is an example of:
intermodal transportation
Other than tariffs, there are certain problems that restrict free trade between the European Union and the United States which includes all of the following except:
internet usage
An express warranty is a written guarantee that assures the buyer that he or she:
is getting what he or she has paid for.
The European Commission has jurisdiction over European-based companies as well as non-European ones that generate significant revenues in Europe. If Microsoft applies in Europe, the Commission has a right to all of the following except:
it can refer serious matters to the UN Security Council.
All of the listed advantages are for "Extension or Ethnocentric" pricing strategy except:
it does not respond to the competitive and market conditions of each national market
According to Prahalad and Hamel, a core competence has all of the following characteristics except:
it is easy for competitors to imitate.
All import charges are assessed against the
landed price
Potential markets can be subdivided into
latent and incipient markets.
In the terminology of the strategic intent framework for competitive advantage, a firm that establishes advantages in a number of different areas has:
layers of advantage.
Lawyers are more important in:
low-context cultures
Guidelines which can assist managers in their effort to establish global brand leadership include all of the following except:
make a process template for international consumers
The differences between lean producers and US mass producers is in the way they deal with all of the following groups except:
managers
____________ is derived from the price required to be competitive in the global marketplace
market-based transfer price
The organization design in which an employee reports to both a country manager and a functional manager is a(n):
matrix structure
Each network has its own "metrics of value." For laptop computers this value would include all of the following except:
memory capacity.
___________-commerce is one of the significant marketing opportunities made possible by the digital revolution
mobile
The retail environment in developing countries presents challenges for marketing nonperishable items. In Mexico, Proctor & Gamble, Unilever, Colgate-Palmolive, and other global consumer product companies use ________ for their products.
mom-and-pop stores
As outlined by branding expert Kevin Keller, the benefits of strong brand equity include all of the following except:
more vulnerability to marketing actions
A marketer of fine French cognac offers fancy cigar ashtrays as prizes to consumers who correctly solve a crossword puzzle. Which of the following most accurately describes this offer?
non-price promotion
Promotions that are designed to increase product availability in distribution channels are known as:
nonprice promotion
When a trained person is recording items selected in a grocery cart or basket, the research method is known as
observation
Which type of countertrade arrangement is required by governments seeking to reduce the budgetary impact of expenditures for defense or telecommunications?
offset
Celeste Atkinson is a lifestyle and entertainment manager for Audi, and her job is to create buzz by ensuring that vehicles such as the Audi A8L and the S8 sports sedan figure in paparazzi photos. This is referred to as:
product placement
When the subheads and body copy of an advertisement are localized, not simply translated, is an example of:
pattern advertising
A market ________ pricing strategy calls for setting price levels that are low enough to quickly build market share
penetration
Historically, many companies that used ___________ for pricing were located in the Pacific Rim
penetration strategy
Giving business cards with the left hand in Malaysia, showing soles of shoes to a host in Saudi Arabia, and winking one eye in India are all considered impolite interpersonal communication due to the fact that:
people pick up nonverbal cues and understand intuitively without being told.
Order processing, warehousing, and inventory management are all functions pertaining to:
physical distribution and logistics
In high-context cultures, time is:
polychronic
In an effort to attract assembly operations, Brazil allows certain product components to be imported at reduced tariff rates. This is an example of:
preferential tariffs.
A massive effort dubbed as "Moses Project" is underway in Venice in order to:
prevent flooding
Social market economy model
private ownership; "social partners" orientation that includes employer groups, unions, and banks; unions and corporations are involved in the government and vice versa; inflexible employment policies (GERMANY, FRANCE, ITALY)
Intel achieved success by using the "Intel Inside" advertising campaign and logo that appears on many brands of PCs. This is an example of a barrier to entry classified as:
product differentiation
Before Ben & Jerry's launched their ice cream in the United Kingdom, the company conducted extensive research to determine whether the package design was appropriate. The research indicated that British consumers perceived the colors differently than U.S. consumers. The package design was changed accordingly. This type of strategy can be defined as
product extension-communications adaptation
Targeting the 300 million farmers in India who still use plows harnessed to oxen, John Deere engineers created a line of relatively inexpensive, no-frills tractors. The Deere team then realized that the same equipment could be marketed to hobby farmers and acreage owners in the United States, a segment that they had previously overlooked. This is an example of ________ strategy.
product extension-communications adaptation
Environmental issues and challenges faced by a company which is in the initial stages of implementing a personal selling strategy include all of the following except:
product innovation
In July 2001, the euro's value relative to the dollar was about €1.00 = $0.85. By November 2009, the euro had strengthened to €1.00 = $1.48. In February 2012, one euro was equal to $1.33. All other things being equal, if a European-based global company wants to preserve margins for goods exported to the U.S. market, the company should:
raise prices in dollars.
In India, consumers do not like to be locked in to long-term contracts, and Apple distributes its IPhone exclusively through stores operated by Airtel, an Indian carrier, and Vodaphone. This pricing is an example of:
razors and blades
Export marketing requires all of the following except:
reaching retail customers
A company with headquarters in the United States and operational units in the Netherlands, France, Italy, and Spain would be well advised to consider establishing a(n):
regional management center.
The key to successful matrix management is ensuring that managers are able to
resolve conflicts and achieve integration.
The marketers of Corona beer achieved great success in the U.S. market by:
retaining the bottle design originally used in Mexico.
A company with a polycentric orientation is likely to employ host-country nationals in all but which of the following selling situations?
selling high-tech products in developed countries
Spoexa, a food-marketing company was hired by French Ministry of Agriculture to organize cocktail parties in 19 countries in order to:
show that French cuisine is laid back.
Under the geographical and product division structures, for the company with French origins, France is:
simply another geographic market
When Brazilian Carlos Ghosn was installed as chief executive, he introduced two new words into Nissan's lexicon:
speed and commitment.
The success of the Stratos project helps Red Bull by:
standing out from a crowded field of competitors.
Standardized print campaigns can be used for all of the following except:
stereotype advertising
Broadband offers companies the telecommunication capability to do all of the following except:
streaming sales.
According to EU regulations, Kraft parmesan cheese cannot be sold in Europe because:
terms such as "Parmesan" is used on the package labels.
Which of the following is not a critical issue for a company whose management intends to engage in e-commerce?
the availability of hot spots for Wi-Fi
Dietrich Mateschitz, Red Bull's creator, stated "When we first started, we said that there is not an existing market for Red Bull." The reasons behind Red Bull's success include all of the following except:
the blue-and-silver color on cans helped in Red Bull's popularity.
One of the potential drawbacks of a regional management center is that:
the cost can be prohibitive.
The choice between demonstration, slice of life, straight sell, and other advertising forms is a matter of the:
the creative execution
According to porter, the nature of the interaction between potential industry entrants, buyers, substitute products, suppliers, and rival firms determines
the industry's profit potential in terms of long-run return on invested capital.
Counterfeiting is:
the unauthorized copying or production of a product
Regulators in different countries have proposed various regulations for product labeling. All of the following statements pertaining to such regulations are true except:
the use of terms "light" and "natural" are allowed on labels only in the United States.
Promotions designed to increase product availability in distribution channels are known as:
trade sales promotions
Danes generally are not afraid of taking chances; they are comfortable doing things that are not carefully thought out or planned. Denmark's "flexicurity" policy combines free labor markets with adjustable welfare benefits. This is an example of the application of Hofstede's typology under the values which highlight:
uncertainty avoidance
Several factors can create intense rivalry among firms. These factors include all of the following factors except:
upward pressure on prices and profitability.
All of the following activities must be performed when goods cross international boundaries except:
using the cost-based pricing method
_________ occurs when a manufacturer conspires with wholesalers or retailers to ensure certain retail prices are maintained
vertical price fixing
Product placement has reached the world of live theater and opera. The difference between product placement and other forms of promotion is:
viewers are being marketed to subliminally without their consent.
Governments commonly use activities to support and encourage firms that engage in exporting. Such activities include all of the following except:
voting rights
OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)
35 nations, post WW2 European origin; based in Paris. Promotes economic growth and social wellbeing, focuses on world trade, global issues, labor market deregulation
Victor Luis is the chief executive officer of:
3M (USA)
In the early 20th century economic integration was at 10% today it is at
50%
Just added one so it would mow be
667
Today Microsoft lags behind new industry entrants in high-growth, consumer-oriented areas such as search and social networking. Which of the principles of disruptive innovation does this fact pertain to?
A company's capabilities define its disabilities.
New entrants to an industry bring all of the following except:
A desire to compete
The introduction of consumer VCR's in the late 1970's initiated a revolutionized in-home entertainment. For example, assuming the user could learn to set the timer, he or she could tape programs to watch at a later time. The VCR's popularity also gave rise to an entirely new retailing concept, the video rental store. What type of innovation did the consumer VCR represent?
A discontinuous innovation
Which of the following correctly reflects marketing expert David Arnold's recommendations for companies engaged in global market research?
All of these
Which of the following environmental characteristics affects use of direct marketing in Europe?
All of these
Which of the following environmental factors may require marketers to adjust their approach to conducting international as opposed to domestic marketing research?
All of these
Which of the following is an appropriate guideline for companies elevating independent distributors in international markets?
All of these are appropriate guidelines
Which of the following is true about the innovation process in Asia?
All of these are true.
Which of the following criteria should marketers use when assessing opportunity in global target markets?
All of these: competition, current size of the segment, anticipated growth potential, compatibility with company's overall objectives
Tools that can be used for collecting primary data include:
All of these: survey research and interviews, observation, focus groups, consumer panels
Which of the following is true about "coffee culture" in England?
American entrepreneurs found success in England with the Seattle coffee company which Starbucks later acquired
As cultural differences become less relevant and disposable incomes become high, a trend towards greater consumption of the following type of foods is predicted.
American fast foods
Which of the following is true about etic and emic approaches to country analysis?
An emic approach studies a culture from within; etic analysis is "from the outside."
BMW advertises its cars as the "ultimate driving machine" which is described as positioning based on:
Attributes/benefit
When Walt Disney company's executives were planning to build a theme park in France, they firmly believe that the success of McDonald's and coke as well as their own success in Tokyo ensured the runaway success of their plans. Disney policies prohibit sale or consumption of alcohol inside their theme parks, which they also implemented in France. This proved to be a failure since consuming wine with the midday meal is a long established custom in France. This is most likely a classical example of:
Being victim to the self-reference criterion
Value=
Benefits/price
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding Benetton Group?
Benotton's business model is suited for emerging markets
Volkswagen's portfolio of brands does not include
Bentley
China's ongoing trade-related friction with the United States highlights the need for:
Better PR efforts
Traditional support media include:
Billboards
Bluetooth mobile communication technology has all of the following advantages over Wi-Fi except one:
Bluetooth works over shorter distances than Wi-Fi.
What do Unilever and Procter & Gamble have in common?
Both companies rank high in terms of non-U.S. ad spending.
Generally speaking, which of the following statements is true concerning product attributes?
Both tangible and intangible product attributes are important.
A logo can be all of the following except:
Brand equity
_______________ represents the cumulative added value of a company's investment in the marketing of a brand over time
Brand equity
BlackBerry (formerly known as research in motion), the smartphone marketer, is based in:
Canada
Which of the following completely eliminates the risk of nonpayment by an importer or a bank in an international transaction?
Cash in advance
The term "m-commerce" is used to describe the use of:
Cell phones in commerce
Canon introduced the first full-color copiers and the first copiers with "connectivity" —the ability to print images from such sources as video camcorders and computers. This Canon example shows how an innovative marketing strategy—with fresh approaches to product, pricing, distribution, and selling—leads to overall competitive advantage in the marketplace. This strategy can be classified under:
Changing the rules
When company management decides that it is unwilling to follow the "conventional wisdom" and instead finds a new way to gain competitive advantage, it might be said to be:
Changing the rules of engagement
The intel brand campaign promoting both the Intel Corporation and its Pentium-brand processors in conjunction with advertising for various brands of personal computers is an example of:
Co-branding
Which of the following product category/company pairing best illustrates the concept of "product cultures" ?
Coffee bars/Starbucks
That social and cultural environments influence marketing opportunities and dynamics around the globe is illustrated by all of the following facts except:
Coffee became the hot beverage of choice in India
All of the following statements related to packaging of Coca Cola products are true except:
Coke's packaging strategies are based on profitability in using different sized bottles
Uber's rapid growth is an example that ____ is gaining traction
Collaborative consumption
The words that are the spoken or written communication elements in advertisements are known as:
Copy
The markets of Central and Eastern Europe present interesting opportunities and challenges. Companies such as 3M international, Phillips electronics, and Henkel are moving into the region for all of the following reasons except:
Core products and western brand names need changes that are appropriate for business
In the shipbuilding industry; Polish and Chinese shipyards offer simple, standard vessel types at low prices that reflect low production costs. This represents generic strategy related to:
Cost focus
The issue of sustainability is central to this strategy concept:
Cost focus
Porter's four generic strategies for achieving competitive advantage are:
Cost leadership, product differentiation, cost focus, focused differentiation
Each value network has a __________ associated with it that dictates the margins needed to achieve possibility
Cost structure
Which pricing strategy has the advantage of being simple to calculate but has the disadvantage of ignoring demand and competitive conditions?
Cost-based
According to strategy expert Richard D'Aveni, the actions taken by Swatch in the global watch industry illustrate hypercompetitive dynamic maneuvering in which arena?
Cost/quality
In the global watch industry, the success of the Swatch brand resulted in a manufacturing renaissance for Switzerland. In the strategic framework known as hypercompetition, Swatch's success is an example of interactions in which arena?
Cost/quality
Economic system: Centrally planned capitalism
Economic system in which command resource allocation is used in an environment of private resource ownership (ex: Swedish government controls 2/3 of all spending)
Consumers shopping for high-tough products, such as fine perfume, are generally energized by _________ motives
Emotional
Which type of salesperson is best suited to selling technologically sophisticated products in developed countries?
Expatriates
Which of the following most accurately describes the stage of global public relations (PR) today?
Expenditures on PR are increasing
__________ is an independent marketing intermediary that acts as the export department for two or more manufacturers whose product lines do not compete with eachother
Export management company
The government action to dispossess a foreign company or investor is known as:
Expropriation
_______ refers to government action to dispossess a foreign company or investor. Compensation is generally provided, often not in the "prompt, effective, and adequate" manner provided for by the international standards
Expropriation
Which of the following was a major US tax incentive for exporters that the WTO recently rules was an illegal subsidy?
FSC
Rebecca Van Dyck is the chief marketing officer of:
Facebook (United States)
For more than 40 years, Bhutan, a kingdom of 754,000 people in the Himalayas mountains, has relied on the following measure:
GNH
Lower-middle income countries
GNI per capita: $1,006 to $3,955, rapidly expanding consumer markets, cheap labor, mature labor intensive industries like footwear, textiles, toys
High-income countries
GNI per capita: $12,476 or more Also known as advanced, developed, industrialized, or postindustrial countries, Sustained economic growth through disciplined innovation, households have extremely high ownership levels of basic products, future oriented,
Low-income countries
GNI per capitalism of $1,005 or less, high population in farming, high birth rates, low literacy rates, high reliance on foreign aid, political instability and unrest, concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa
Upper middle income countries
GNP per capita: $3,956 to $12.235, rapidly industrializing, less agricultural employment, rising wages, high literacy rates, BRICS
A ___________ company possesses a critical marketing advantage with respect to marketing communications
Global
global marketing strategy
Global Market Participation, Marketing Mix Development: 4P's: Adapt or Standardize? Concentration of Marketing Activities, Coordination of Marketing Activities, Integration of Competitive Moves
The advantages of using in-house marketing and advertising staff include all of the following except:
Global accounts
G-7, The Group of Seven
Goal of global economic stability and prosperity. US, Japan, Germany, Francs, Britain, Canada, Italy
Breaking all the conventional norms, Selfridge opened his department store just off Oxford Street. The changes incorporated include all of the following except:
Goods were melt behind counter and were available by asking store clerks
Cultural influences are also quite apparent in food preparation and consumption patterns and habits. Dominos pizza, the worlds largest pizza delivery company, pulled out of Italy because
Italians perceived its products to be "too American."
The ministry of international trade and industry (MITI) has helped devise export strategies for companies in:
Japan
It is advisable to start a double-ACSII platform when designing a website's architecture since:
Japanese and Chinese languishes require a database which supports such a platform
Value proposition example
Japanese auto makers in the US in 1980, high quality care for less than 10k in Indian and African markets
Which global marketing expert recommends an organization design based on a "global superstructure" that views the world in terms of 30 regions?
Kenichi Ohmae
"Nakumatt" is a supermarket chain in:
Kenya
U.S. advertisements contain more ________ information, and are more likely to include comparative appeals than Arabic ads.
Price
Which of the following is not the way US auto mass producers operate?
Lack of employee teamwork
Emerging markets present a number of challenges to anyone conducting market research, which includes all of the following except:
Lack of field teams
Factors which determine suppliers' ability to gain leverage over industry firms include all of the following except:
Large numbers and relatively few in number.
Concepts such as "assembler value chains" and "downstream value chains" are associated with:
Lean production
PepsiCo experienced great success in Latin America with its Numeromania contest. Which lured customers by promising big cash prizes. They used the same contest in Poland successfully. This shows that:
Leverage experience gained in one country can be used in another country
The World Bank has defined 4 categories of market development using gross national income (GNI)
Low-income, lower-middle income, upper-middle income, high-income countries
The power distance dimension reflects the degree of trust among members of society. Thus the higher the power distance (PDI), the:
Lower is the level of trust
The Web site's architecture should be flexible enough to allow all of the following except:
Local culture
A distributor with good contacts may appear to be the obvious choice in terms of generating quick sales and revenues but may not be the best one. Which of the guidelines for companies selecting independent distributors is the statement referring to?
Look for distributors capable of developing markets
Insisting on competitive bidding can cause complications in:
Low context cultures
Newly industrializing economies (NIEs)
Lower-middle and upper income economies with the highest sustained rates of economic growth, exports of manufactured and refined products, identified by Goldman Sachs (Egypt, indonesia, Philippines-Mexico, Turkey)
Which of the folding categories best describes the spring of Britain's Marks & Spencer to global retailing?
Many product categories, own-label focus
Product/market growth matrix: new market with existing product
Market development strategy
In India, only 10% of men who shave use Gillette razors. Worldwide, 50% of male shavers use Gillette products. To achieve greater penetration in India, Gillette rolled out a no-frills brand that costs 15 rupee - about 34 cents. The Gillette Guard has a lighter handle that is cheaper to produce. It also lacks the lubrication strip found in Gillette's more expensive razors, and replacement blades cost only 5 rupees (11 cents). This use of data is described as:
Market estimation by analogy
Product/market growth matrix: existing markets with existing products
Market penetration strategy
Which of the following principles of disruptive innovation pertains to the notion of agnostic marketing?
Markets that don't exist can't be analyzed
Primary stakeholders include all of the following except:
Media
The "common market of the south" in Latin America is used to describe
Mercosur
US advertisements contain more ______ information, and are more likely to include comparative appeals than Arabic ads
Price
___________ is gaining a reputation as a manufacturing center as well as the worlds number one producer of flat-screen TV sets
Mexico
MINTS are a new group with great potential
Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, Turkey
Rugman and D'Cruz flagship model is evident in the strategies of all but one of the following businesses:
Microsoft
Satya Nadella is the chief executive officer of:
Microsoft (USA)
Nordic model
Mix of state ownership and private ownership; high taxes; some market regulation; generous social safety net (Sweden, Norway)
Global localization (Adaptation)
Mixing standardization and customization in a way that minimizes costs while maximizing satisfaction, Essence of segmentation, Think globally, act locally
"Organized retail" is a term used to describe:
Modern chain stores
Economic system: Centrally planned socialism
Opposite of market capitalism, state holds broad powers to serve the public interest; decides what goods and services are produced and in what quantities, consumers can spend only what is available, demand typically exceeds supply
Which of the following does not belong in a list of mass production in an automobile company such as Ford?
Outsourcing from supplier specialists
eBay was a pioneer in a form of online marketing known as:
P-to-p
Value proposition
Perceived value to the customer, the firms promise to the customer
Airbnb has become a source of social glue and a new pattern of trust due to all of the following factors except:
Perception that "strangers equal friends"
The integrated circuit and the concept of binary code permitted the development of the:
Personal computer
Although environmental scanning is a vital source of information, research has shown that headquarters executives of global companies obtain as much as two-thirds of the information they need from:
Personal sources
When the Coca-Cola Company was developing its new Dasani bottled water brand, linguists helped guide the naming process. For example, the recurring "a" was chosen because it has a soothing sound. In linguistics, issues pertaining to letters and sounds are matter of:
Phonology
Trade surplus
Positive current account
In some developing countries, refrigerators have an important secondary purpose related to high-order needs, which relates to:
Prestige
When the coca-cola company used the "micro-dosing technology" that allows for 170 possible drink combinations, the user data generated by the units helped in developing a new flavor: cherry sprite. This is an example of collecting ________ data
Primary
Anglo-Saxon model
Private ownership, free enterprise economy, capitalism, minimal social safety net, highly flexible employment policies (US, Canada, Great Britain)
____________ is the top advertiser in China with 25 percent of the company's measured media spending budgeted for the Asia-Pacific region
Procter & Gamble
Which company ranks number one in terms of worldwide ad spending for 2016?
Proctor & Gamble
The American Marketing Association defines a channel of distribution as "an organized networks of agencies and institutions that; in combination, perform all the activities required to link _________ with users to accomplish the marketing task."
Producers
Facebook, Google, Pinterest, Twitter, and Wikipedia represent which element of the marketing mix?
Product
Product/market growth matrix: existing market with new product
Product development strategy
Ben & Jerry's ice cream package design was changed in the United Kingdom since British consumers perceived the colors differently than US consumers. This is an example of:
Product extension-communications adaptation
Colgate's Total is a new toothpaste brand whose formulation, imagery, and consumer appeal were designed from the beginning to translate across national boundaries. Which strategy did Colgate use with Total?
Product innovation
Boeing has reorganized it's commercial transport design and manufacturing engineers from functional lines into a matrix organization. This new design is expected to have all of the following benefits except:
Provide customer contacts
Porsche AG uses the label "Top Guns" to describe one segment of its customers, namely those who care about power and control and who expect to be noticed. Such a profile would be based on which type of segmentation?
Psychographic
Because advertising is often designed to add ______________ value to a product or brand, it plays a more important communications role in marketing consumer products than it does for marketing industrial products
Psychological
Officials at Brazil's state-owned oil company and top politicians were accused of collaborating with contractors to receive billions in kickbacks. This resulted in ________ problems for Petrobras.
Public relations
Officials at Brazil's state-owned oil company and top politicians were accused of collaborating with contractors to receive billions in kickbacks. This resulted in ____________ problems for Petrobras.
Public relations
One task of the __________ department is to generate nonpaid forms of communication to foster goodwill among customers and others.
Public relations
Which promotional mix element is most closely associated with activities designed to foster good will and understanding with various constituents both inside and outside the country
Public relations
Which promotional mix element is most closely associated with activities designed to foster goodwill and understanding with various constituents both inside and outside the company?
Public relations
In the matrix-based scheme for classifying global retailers, in which quadrant does IKEA fall between retailers?
Quadrant A
The quadrant that offers a good example of global retailer with a niche focus as well as an own-label focus is:
Quadrant A
An important new tool for inventory management is:
RFID
Prior to 2017, H&M was growing at a torrid pace, however, several changes took place which are represented by all of the following statements except:
Revenue growth was driven by store openings and the company did not open new stores
OPEC is a cartel, a group of separate companies that collectively
Sets prices, controls output, or takes other actions to maximize profits
All of the following statements regarding Starbucks are true except:
Shareholders consider Starbucks' stock to be risky investments
Which of the following would not be used by an exporter with a weak home-country currency?
Shift sourcing outside home-country market.
The enlargement of the eu has affected marketing strategies in the euro zone countries by:
Shifting products from one market to another in the event of shortages
When identifying global market segments, a fundamental guiding principle should be the need to determine:
Similar needs and buying behavior
Which of the following ASEAN countries alone accounts for more than one-third of 2014 two-way trade exports with the United States?
Singapore
Which one of the ASEAN members has the worlds second largest container pot?
Singapore
If the manufacture of a sophisticated electronics product determines that many target consumers qualify as "innovators" and "early adopters" with relatively inelastic demand curves, the company should use the _________________ pricing strategy
Skimming
According to Christensen's five principles of disruptive innovations, the following statement is not true:
Small markets solve the growth needs of large companies
The organizational decision to purchase production inputs, components, or finished goods from domestic or foreign producers is known as the __________ decision
Sourcing
Streaming media represents a huge market opportunity for all of the following except:
Telematics
Which of the following is true about advertising expenditures in Germany and Brazil?
Television is the leading medium in Brazil; newspapers are the leading medium in Germany
Which of the following is true about advertising expenditures in Germany and Brazil?
Television is the leading medium in Brazil; newspapers are the leading medium in Germany.
Consten, a French company, had exclusive rights to import and distribute German grundig's electronic products into France. One of the competitors started bringing "parallel imports" into France illegally, importing grundig products bought from a foreign supplier. Which of the following does not represent an action taken by different legal bodies?
The European Commission ruled that grundig was in violation of the laws of the common market
Packaging is an important consideration for products that are shipped to markets worldwide. Which of the following statements related to packaging is not true?
The Japanese prefer plain soft colors on their packages.
A company stands a better chance of having an international arbitration award upheld if its home country government has signed:
The New York Convention
In the fast changing, competitive environment, new global realities are emerging which include all of the following needs except:
To deliver success
The essence of marketing
To provide a superior value proposition to surpass the competition
Harley Davidson has applied for federal protection of an undulating form of intellectual property: the "soul-pleasing rumble" provided by its motorcycle. What type of protection is Harley Davidson seeking?
Trademark
Amazon.com, the leading internet bookseller, allows users to purchase books, CDs, and other products online. Amazon.com is primarily a _____________ site.
Transaction
_________ are online retail operations that allow customers to purchase goods and services
Transaction sites
"Cost-based," "Market-based," And "negotiated" are three approaches to:
Transfer pricing
The markets of Central and Eastern Europe present interesting opportunities and offer attractive locations for low-cost manufacturing due to:
Wage rates being lower than in Spain, Portugal, and Greece
According to the innovator's dilemma:
Well-managed companies that listen and respond to needs of established customers may miss opportunities to innovate
The world's best-known cosmetic companies are setting their sights on a lucrative new market segment: the emerging middle classes in countries such as Brazil, Russia, India, and China. However, these companies have to understand:
What beauty means to Chinese women
Saks Fifth Avenue has ________ stores in the Middle East
licensed