Interpersonal Communication Final Study set

Which attachment style do individuals exhibit when they view themselves as worthy of love, but generally believe that others will be deceptive and reject them in interpersonal relationships?

Dismissing attachment

An established language, religion, behavior, values, rituals, and social customs within a society reflect what type of culture?

Dominate culture

The mayor held a press conference at a local library designed to highlight the city's improved literacy program. Local educators and the public praised the changes to the program, changes that the mayor took responsibility for despite little interest or involvement in the program. Which impression management technique did the mayor utilize?

Entitlements

The degree to which an individual views the world from their culture's perspective while evaluating different cultures according to their culture's preconceptions resulting in feelings of dislike, mistrust, or hate for cultures deemed inferior is called what?

Ethnocentrism

Self-compassion involves mindfulness, common humanity, and empathy.

F, The three components of self-compassion are self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness

Because the same environmental information is available to everyone present, the process of perception is universal, meaning that every individual experiences the same situation in the same way.

False

Competitive Interrupting

Have you ever had a conversation with someone and while you were telling a story they interrupted you and started telling a similar story of their own that was just a little "better" or "more impressive" than yours?

I-Thou Communication

Highest form of human dialogue because each person affirms the other as cherished and unique.

Characteristics of a culture that values being self-reliant and self-motivated, believes in personal freedom and privacy, and celebrates personal achievement are characteristic of which of the following?

Individualism

When Farnosh gets together with friends, she can chat endlessly about almost any topic. Which of the following is being demonstrated?

Interaction variability

While listening to his friend Fred, Nick noticed the way Fred emphasized certain words and the body language he used. In doing so, what step of the HERIER Model of Listening was Nick practicing?

Interpreting

Physiological noise

Message interference that results from bodily discomfort.

Physical noise

Message interference that results when the noise level (as measured in decibels) makes it difficult to hear a message.

I-You Communication

More personal, but not unique (most common)

Preoccupied attachment

NEG, rejecting, and unlovable. They often worry that their partner will leave or stop loving them. People with anxious attachment may also become manipulative when they feel that a relationship is threatened

Which of the following defines the use of behaviors that increase sensory stimulation between individuals, creating both physical and psychological closeness?

Nonverbal immediacy

Identity

One's name is an essential aspect of our own identity, shaping how we are from a young age. Darolyn's comment about Ursula's unusual name impacted how Ursula felt about the experience and herself

intimate distance ranges from touching to about 18 inches (46 cm) apart

Personal distance begins about an arm's length away; starting around 18 inches

Those times a student nod's their head and occasionally makes eye contact while the professor is talking when in fact they are scrolling through social media is an example of which of the following barriers to listening?

Psuedolistening

Catherine was trying her best to focus on reading her new book. But she found that she was reading the same paragraph over and over again because she couldn't stop thinking about her roommate's exciting news. Which of the following type of noise was interfering with Catherine's ability to comprehend the paragraph's meaning?

Psychological noise

Brian is concerned about his brother's abuse of controlled substances. He and his family organize an intervention to help his brother understand the dangers associated with this behavior, telling him how much they love and support them, and persuade him to enroll in a treatment program. Which function of language did Brian and his family use?

Regulatory functions

interpretations are based off

Relational Satisfaction Involvement Knowledge of Others Expectations Physiological State Psychological State Assumptions Personal Experience Social Roles Cultures

Which theory suggests that language impacts perceptions by showing a culture's worldview?

Sapir-Worf hypothesis

Which of the following occurs when a congruent self-concept is present?

Self-image, self-worth, and the ideal-self overlap reflecting compatibility

During a recent job interview, the interviewer asked Rebecca if she was planning on becoming pregnant in the next few years while working for the company. Which type of language did the interviewer utilize?

Sexist

According to Hall's Four Spaces, which of the following is used by acquaintances during interpersonal interactions?

Social Space

Consequences of self-disclosure can strengthen how you feel or create distance between you and someone else.

T

Dogmatism is the inclination to believe one's point-of-view as undeniably true based on faulty premises and without consideration of evidence and the opinions of others.

T

Nonverbal communication is the primary way people communicate with each other.

T

Prior research has established a connection between an individual's mental health and their physical health.

T

Individuals are constantly communicating with others in their environment through verbal and nonverbal means, whether they intend to or not.

T, Not communicating is communicating.

Leticia hated public speaking. She often became nervous and had butterflies in her stomach. However, when it was her turn, she projected confidence, and no one would have guessed how anxious she was beforehand. What type of self is this an example of

The hidden self is when information about oneself is known by the individual but unknown to others.

Entitlements

This impression management technique is designed to maximize an individual's apparent responsibility for an event

Sam and Peter sit next to each other in class. They had never seen each other before the first day of class and had no idea what to expect sitting next to each other. Over the course of the semester, they talked more and more, learning about each other - their attitudes about class, how they behaved, and their likes and dislikes. By the end of the semester, they were not only comfortable sitting next to each other but had become friends. Which of the following theories best describes what occurred between Sam and Peter?

Uncertainty reduction theory

Which theory provides an explanation as to why people use the types of mass media they do, to fulfill specific goals?

Uses and gratifications theory

Closed Mindedness

When our minds are closed off to listening to what someone is saying

Expectation variability

When you order a favorite dish at a restaurant repeatedly, it isn't exactly the same each time.

Fearful attachment

a pattern of behavior in relationships that is marked by both high anxiety and high avoidance, wherein a person both craves connection but also fears getting too close to anyone.

Self-image

a person's mental picture of him or herself

euphemisms

a word used in place of another word that is viewed as more disagreeable or offensive

Self-concept

all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question, "Who am I?"

Vocalics

anything that contributes to the creation or maintenance of sound in a person's voice

Kinesics

body language

Intra-communication

communication within yourself

Ostracism

deliberate social exclusion of individuals or groups

Individualism vs. Collectivism

describes whether a culture emphasizes the need of individual or the group

denotative

dictionary definition

dismissive attachment

disinterested = unworthy

Semantic noise

distractions aroused by certain symbols that take our attention away from the main message

Connoative Meaning

emotional connection to a word. the personal and subjective meaning of a word

long term vs short term orientation

focus on the future vs. focus on the past and present

masculinity vs. femineity

focused on earnings vs. relations at home and work

Co-culture

groups that are impacted by a variety of smaller specific cultures that intersect in our lives

HERIER Model of Listening

hearing, understanding, remembering, interpreting, evaluating, and responding.

ethnocentrism

how we evaluate other cultures. cultural ignorance

Darolyn works at a local coffee shop two days per week. She is in charge of taking people's orders and writing their names on the paper cups. This may not seem like a very demanding or important job, but it is one that Darolyn takes very seriously. It is important to her that she not only matches the customer's name with the right drink, but that she spells their name accurately verifying each spelling with the customer before checking them out. Last week, Darolyn took Ursula's order, replying "that's such a cool name." Darolyn's attention to detail and positive comment left Ursula smiling as so many people misspell her unusual name. What communication need was Darolyn primarily addressing when she commented about Ursula's unusual name?

identity

Which of the following is a primary reason to study communication?

improve our own effectiveness as a communicator, Communication is a primary means of human interaction, comprising a significant amount of our time each day, Learn how to take the perspective of our communication partners

Inter-personal communication

interaction with 1 other person

Liz's doctor called to share the results of her blood work. Her doctor informed her that her hemoglobinand hematocrit counts were low, perhaps the result of a vitamin B12 deficiency, thalassemia, or a number of neoplasms of the bone marrow. However, they would need to run another test because the hematocrit count is concentration-dependent and, as a result, isn't completely accurate. What kind of language was her doctor using?

jargon

PERSONAL CONSTRUCTIONS

judgment

cognitive competence

knowledge, skills, and abilities on knowing how to communicate and adapt

Which term is used for anything that interferes with the accurate decoding of a message?

noise

jargon

nonsensical talk; specialized language

Ideal-self

one's perception of whom one should be or would like to be

interaction adaption theory

people interact with others by adapting to their communication behaviors

Senses, age, health, hunger, and biological cycles are examples of what kind of perceptual influence?

physiological

low vs high uncertainty avoidance

preference for structured or unstructured situations

Pseudolistening

pretending to listen

Information Overload

received so much information that you found it difficult to listen and take it all in

Industrial vs. restraint

relatively free gratification to enjoy life vs. gratification regulated by strict social norms

What is the degree to which an individual views themselves as a good person, who deserves to be valued and respected called?

self-worth

Anxious Attachment

sometimes loving and other times indifferent

Blind spots

stereotypes and judgment's that we have been conditioned to know whos' capable of what and who to trust. We always come out to the same outcomes without change.

Haptics

study of touch

Patriotism is a mild form of ethnocentrism.

t

3 Requirements of Empathy

1. Open Mindedness (set aside belief's) 2. Imagination (person's background, opinions, and thoughts) 3. Commitment (sincere desire)

body positivity

1. reclaim health 2. practice intuitive "self care" 3. cultivate self-love 4. declare your own authentic beauty 5. build community

public space

12ft

intamate

18 inches

personal distance

18in to 4ft

social distance

4ft to 12ft

reflected appraisal theory

A theory that states that the self a person presents is in large part based on the way others categorize the individual, the roles they expect him or her to play, and the behaviors or traits they EXPECT him or her to exhibit.

perception checking

A three-part method for verifying the accuracy of interpretations, including a description of the sense data, two possible interpretations, and a request for confirmation of the interpretations.

Which of the following do mindful intercultural interactions require?

Attention Intention Attitude

What is the pathway or medium in which communication messages are sent?

Channel

Aaron can't believe how many things he needs to get done at work before the end of the day. When possible, he works on multiple tasks at the same time. What type of nonverbal communication is he displaying?

Chronemics

Which of the following statements accurately characterizes communication competence?

Competence balances social appropriateness and personal effectiveness

As Roger listened to the waiter repeat his order, he nodded his head in agreement. Which function of nonverbal communication did Roger demonstrate?

Complementing

Secure attachment

Consistent attention and love trusting of others and bond readily, while individuals with insecure attachment struggle to trust others and form bonds.

According to Stella Ting-Toomey, which of the following best describes why cultures handle conflict differently?

Cultures have different priorities for saving face and also have different perspectives on what it means to save face.

Microculture

the smallest subgroup within a culture that shares specific cultural features such as values or behaviors

Chronemics

the use of time

Uncertainty reduction theory

theory suggesting that people find uncertainty to be unpleasant, so they are motivated to reduce their uncertainty by getting to know others

social comparison theory

theory that we seek to evaluate our abilities and beliefs by comparing them with those of others

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

top to bottom: self-actualization Esteem Love and Belonging Safety needs Physiological needs (air water)

I-It Communication

we do not acknowledge the humanity of other people

Rebuttal Tendency

we listen to what the other side says in order to create arguments against them.

low vs. high power distance cultures

whether power is widely or narrowly distributed among people

Self-conceptualization

your ideas, perceptions, and feelings about who you are