Intro to Mass Media: Radio
NBC
1926, affiliated with independent stations and gave them time slots, centralized costs and programming
option time
CBS paid stations to air on their station in a certain time slot
CBS
Columbia Broadcasting System
format radio
DJs control the programming each hour
Public Broadcasting Act of 1967
NPR and PBS allowed to provide alternatives to commercial broadcasting
PBR
Pabst Blue Ribbon
Frank Conrad
Pittsburgh guy who became the first DJ in his garage, established KDKA
David Sarnoff
RCA's first commercial manager, created NBC, made deals with GM and Victor Talking Machine Company
RCA
Radio Corporation of America, gave the US a major monopoly over broadcasting
Radio Corporation of America (RCA)
a government-approved radio company that monopolized the wireless industry (an example of a private sector monopoly) - gave the US almost total control over the broadcasting
Radio Act of 1912
addressed the problem of amateur radio operators cramming the airwaves - required a license to be on the air
Radio Act of 1927
allowed FRC to oversee licenses and negotiate channel assignments, assigns call letters to identify stations
Webcaster Settlement Act
allowed Internet radio providers to negotiate royalties with the music industries
War of the Worlds
broadcast about Martian invasion that created panic and caused stricter regulations on programs imitating news style
AT&T's betrayal
broke agreement with RCA, began to produce "wireless telephones" in an attempt to monopolize radio, started WEAF (WNBC)
FM radio
discovered and developed by Edwin Armstrong, greater fidelity and clarity than AM
Telecommunications Act of 1996
eliminated most radio and television station ownership rules, some dating back more than fifty years
Communications Act of 1934
establishes FCC to replace the FRC, supports a system of advertising-supported commercial broadcasting
KDKA
first commercial broadcast station
NPR and PBS
first noncommercial networks
radio telegraphy
first real radio transmission of dots and dashes
Reginald Fessenden
first voice broadcast
Nikola Tesla
invented a wireless system, deemed the inventor of radio
rotation
playing the top songs many times during the day, led to the birth of the top 40
Heinrich Hertz
proved Maxwell's theories demonstrate the existence of radio waves
Amos 'n' Andy
racist radio show that was the most popular comedy of the 1930s, created the idea of the serial show
listeners today are different because...
radio has become a secondary medium, peak listening time is during drive time, stations are more specialized
Nathan B. Stubblefield
real inventor of the radio but forgot to patent his invention which could transmit voice and music on a radio transmission
Guglielmo Marconi
received a patent on wireless telegraphy in England and invented the wireless
Wireless Ship Act of 1910
required US ships to be equipped with wireless equipment with a 100-mile range
toll broadcasting
selling ads on broadcasting channels
Morse code
series of dots and dashes that stood for letters in the alphabet, interrupted electronic current
transistors
small electrical devices that could receive and amplify radio signals, made radio portable, let to creation of small pocket radios
NBC-blue
the NBC radio group, affiliates paid NBC to carry its programs, created a monopoly, sold and became the American Broadcasting Company (ABC)
NBC-red
the original NBC telephone group
James Maxwell
theorized the existence of electromagnetic waves
broadcasting
transmission over part of the electromagnetic spectrum
1934 Communications Act
tried to set aside 25% of radio for nonprofits
