Intro to psych Test 1

Kohlers pioneering work with chimpanzees revealed

A slow and methodical approach to problem solve

Functionalism was influenced by Darwins theory of evolution which

Believed adaptive behavior patterns are learned and maintained

The electroencephalograph Is a method of

Dictating brain waves by means of measuring the current between electrodes placed on the scalp

The knowledge of one's own thoughts, feelings, and memories without the use of sensory organs is known as _______.

Direct inner awareness

Identify the neoanalyst among the following

Erik Erikson

Which of the following is trues Aristotles contribution to psychology

He argued that human behavior is subject to rules and laws

In the context of behavioral genetics, identify the correct statement

Heredity is apparently involved in psychological disorders ranging from anxiety and depression to personality disorders

Which of the following is true of functionalism?

It looks as Hell habits help one code with common situations

Which of the following techniques relies on subtle shift in blood flow to create a brain scan?

Magnetic resonance imaging

Each kind of neurotransmitters has a unique chemical structure, and each can fit into specifically tailored Harbor, or ____ , On the cell receiving a message

Receptor sites

_____ can be used to help people become more aware of muscle tension in the forehead, fingers, and elsewhere and to learn to lower tension, thus decreasing the discomfort and incidence of muscle-tension headache.

The electromyograph

______ propose reason of relationships among events and allows us to derive expectations and predictions

Theories

Identify a true statement about a social - cognitive theorists

They know that people engage in intentional learning by observing others

One potential reason why woman in certain ethnic groups are significantly affected by alcohol is because

They produce less aldehyde dehydrogenase than other groups

Monozygotic twins share _____ of their genes

100 percent

Nasreen and her brother Abdullah have a genetic overlap of _____ percent.

50

The best individuals for hypnosis are people who

Are prone to fantasy

A neuron has a ____ that extends with a truck from the cell body.

Axon

Paul is a 55 year old man who has been having some difficulty recalling important details. On visiting a doctor, he was told that he was in the early stag of Alzheimer's disease. The deficiency of _______ is most likely to be linked to Paul's condition.

acetylcholine

Derris is a research assistant in Dr.Smiths psychology lab. When the participants asked him what the condition of the study were, Derris replied, "I do not know". This is an example of a ____ study.

double-blind

Sofia does not like eating vegetables. To ensure that she eats vegetables, her mother offers her an extra helping of dessert every time Sofia finishes her vegetables. In context of behaviorism, this is known as?

reinforcement

Which of these is a function of prolactin

It regulates maternal behavior in lower mammals

Which of the following statements is true of nicotine?

It stimulates the release of neurotransmitters

You have always wanted to know how your friend perform so well on her college exam. To find out how she studies, you decide to study with her for the next exam. The approach is more similar to

Naturalistic observations

Ned is feeling stressed because of his workload at office. He is also experience insomnia and rapid weight loss. Nice condition is example of ______ correlation

Negative

A neuron sends ______ to relay It's message to another neuron

Neurontransmitters

Sara is a pregnant woman who is well past her due date, which was three weeks ago. The doctors decided that they must induce labor in Sara and inject her with

Oxytocin

A _____ is a complete group of interest to researchers, from which A sample is drawn for an experiment

Population

In ___, A person cannot move during the transition from consciousness to sleep and hallucinations occurs

Sleep Paralysis

The phrase, "You cannot see the forest for the trees" most exemplifies which psychological perspective?

Cognitive psychologists

A ____ expresses the strength and direction (positive or negative) of the relationship between two variables

Correlation coefficient

The ______ is the body system of ductless glands that secrete hormones and release them directly into the blood stream

Endocrine system

Famous neoanalysts such as Karen Horney and Erik Erikson differ from earlier psychodynamic practitioner in that they

Focused less on unconscious processes and more on conscious choice and self-direction

Claire, who is 11 months old, it's just starting to crawl and walk. Which of the following is a heavily involved in this newfound ability?

Myelination

Which of the following structures of the limbic system is connected with vigilance

The cerebral cortex

Which of the following structures contains the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which stimulates the pineal gland to decrease the output of melatonin in the human body?

The hypothalamus

In 2017, the national Academy of science, engineering, Madison stated that the use of marijuana benefits all the following except

Treatment of stress

__________ is credited with establishing the first psychological Laboratory in Leipzig, Germany.

Wilhelm Wundt

Social- cognitive theorists

a suggest that people can modify and create their environments

The brain and the spinal cord make up the ______, which controls and commands bodily functions.

central nervous system

Psychologist with a ___ perspective primarily ventured into the realm of mental processes such as sensation and perception, memory, intelligence, language, thoughts, and problem-solving to understand human nature.

cognitive

The term ________ is used to describe the nucleotides found along just one of the rungs of a DNA double helix

genetic code

The ______ minimizes leakage of the electrical current being carried along the axon, thereby allowing messages to be conducting more efficiently

myelin sheath

Angelica is pregnant and has just gone into labor. Her body is most likely flooded with

oxytocin

Alan was adopted an early age by Japanese American couple. As a result, he grew up speaking both Japanese and English fluently. In terms of genetics, this manifestation of Allen's ability to speak is an example of a

phenotype

Treat such as sociability and aggressiveness our thoughts to be

polygenic

The ______ is a pledge in the hand brain that lies forward of the medulla and transmits information about body movement

pons

A number of people with severe cases of epilepsy have split brain operations in which much of ____ Is served

the corpus callosum

People practices ________ By concentrating on words or sounds at our claim to help the person achieve an altered state of consciousness.

transcendental medication

Which of the following is a difference between repression and suppression?

Repression is an unconscious process, whereas suppression is a conscious process

When you are taking a test, you are awake and alert. This means that your brain is currently generating

beta waves

Older adults are more likely than younger adults to have insomnia because of a

greater incidence of poor health and pain

_____ is the agent that creates physiological dependence on tobacco products

Nicotine

Which of the following typically occurs during rapid eye movement sleep

Nightmares

_____ cannot be experienced through sensory awareness or direct inner awareness

Non-conscious process

Circulation of the blood is an example of a

Non-conscious progress

During which of the following are most likely to experience hypnagogic hallucinations

Nonrapid eye movement sleep

The ____ uses oxygen and nutrients to generate the energy needed to carry out the work of a neuron cell

Nucleus

Which of the following statements is true of insomnia

Older adults are more likely than younger adults to have insomnia

Which of the following statements highlights the the relationship between dopamine and schizophrenia?

People with schizophrenia may have more receptors sites for dopamine in the area of the brain that is involved in emotional responding

Which of the following statements is true of the scientific method

Psychologist are guided by principles of critical thinking as they try to draw conclusions from research evidence collected through the scientific method

Chloe has been having a lot of difficulty paying attention at work and sleeping at night. Which of the following structures might be the cause of these issues?

Reticular formation

Keira, and eight-year-old girl, sometimes walks in her sleep. She also responds to questions while she is up and about. However, when she wakes up in the morning, she does not remember the incident. In the context of the sleeping disorder, cure is exhibiting symptoms of

Somnambulism

Adam, a sleep researcher, noticed that his sleep patient had A high level of Nero logical arousal. The patient is most likely in ______ sleep

Stage three

_______ is the school of psychology that argues that the mind consists of three basic elements—- sensations, feelings, images— that combine to form experience.

Structuralism

Darren is on the way to his university take an exam. He is disturbed by the thoughts of failing because he is not prepared for the exam. However, he pushes away thoughts of feeling and focus on studying. In this scenario, Darren is using

Suppression

Which of the following is a typical characteristic of biologically- oriented psychologists?

They believe that self-awareness, experience, and choice permit us to invent ourselves and our way of relating to the world as we progress through life

Which of the following is a consequence of regular usage of opiates

They stop the production of neurotransmitters in the brain

___ is the habituation to a drug, with the result that increasingly higher does of the drug are needed to achieve similar effects.

Tolerance

People with frequent nightmares

are more likely than others to have anxiety and depression

A person has trouble adjusting with the new students in his classroom. He does not have any serious psychological disorders but gas trouble making new friends. A _______ would most likely be consulted to help the person

counseling psychologist

The surface of the cerebrum- The cerebral cortex- is wrinkles, or convoluted, with ridges and valleys. The valleys are known as

fissures

Alaica was recently in a car accident. Since the , she cannot retain memories of event that occurred after the accident. However, she can recall events that took place before the accident. She recognizes her family and friends and important dates, such as her birthday and her marriage anniversary, but has to be constantly reintroduced to the new people in her life. Alicia has most likely sustained damage to her _____

hippocampus

Gustav Theodor Fechner, in his book Elements of Psycholphysics, showed:

how physical events are related to psychological sensation and perception

Jacob is always to warm and perspires frequently. Which of the following structures is most responsible for him being too warm?

hypothalamus

As Donna is answering this very question, she is aware that her environment. This awareness is referred to as

introspection

While returning from the grocery store, Bob was held at gunpoint by two men who wanted to rob him of his belongings. Bob had never been in a fight before, yet he would feel his heartbeat Rapley rise, along with a sudden urge to fight the two men. The involuntary increase in Bob's heartbeat and his immediate urge to fight the men are controlled by the

sympathetic nervous system

Which of the following refers to a time when neuron does not allow sodium to pass through the neuronal membrane and as a result, is insensitive to message from other neurons and does not fire?

A refractory period

Kendall is left-handed. Which of the following statement is true of her handedness?

Being left-handed was once seen as a deficiency

Brandon is a psychologist who is studying the relationship between hereditary and mood disorders. He strongly believes of the behavior of mental processes have connections with the brain, hormones, hereditary, and evolution. Brandon's believes are most consistent with the _____ perspective

Biological

In the context of the brains language function, identify the correct statement

Broca's area responds mainly to auditory information

Which of the following is a drawback of case studies

Case studies do not collect information about small groups

______ Takes the form of double helix and contains the genetic code of an organism.

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Nicotine, alcohol, and many other drugs are pleasurable because the high in levels of

Dopamine

According to Freud, which of the following statement is true of dreams?

Dreams express impulses we would censor during the day

Which of the following statement is true of Stage 4 sleep

During Stage 4 sleep, the delta waves produced by the brain slow to about 0.5 to 2 cycles per second

Dr. Kennett is neurologist Who is conducting research using brain scans. He wanted to study pictures of his subjects brains which they are speaking or using a language. These pictures will help Dr. Kennett understand The parts of the brain that are being used to speak in the other processes that occur simultaneously in the brain. Based on the nature of Study, it would be most suitable for Dr. Kennett to use _____

Functional magnetic resonance imaging

_______ psychologist believe that learning consisted of both over behaviors and your full "wholes"

Functionalist's

Esteban finds that he is often very Anxious and not at ease. Which of the following neurotransmitters might help him the most

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

Which of the following represents your full genetic potential?

Genotype

The _____ perspective is grounded in the work of Carl Rogers and Adam Maslow.

Humanistic- existential

______ is an altered state of consciousness in which people are highly suggestible and behave as though they are in a trance

Hypnosis

The average amount of time it takes to complete each cycle through the stages of NREM sleep and REM sleep last about

90 minutes

Which of the following is an altered state of consciousness

Cognitive dissonance

________ Refers to fix things one's consciousness on a particular stimulus.

Selective attention

When people are not aware of the cues that single day or night

They roughly have a 25 hour day

____ is the simplified form of meditation brought to the United States by the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi and is used as a method for coping with stress

Transcendental meditation

Structuralist 10 to ask, " what are the pieces that make up things and experience? " in contrast, ______ tended to ask, " how do behaviors in mental processes help people adapt to the requirements of their lives? "

behaviorists

When a neural impulse reaches the axon terminal of a neuron, the vesicles release varying amounts of neurotransmitter in to the

dendrite

Mescaline is considered a

hallucinogenic