Intro to Psychology: Chapter 1 Quiz

The four goals of psychology are to _____.

describe, explain, predict, and change

According to William James, what was the true purpose of psychology?

Studying the function of behavior in the world

Which of the following is a criticism of structuralism?

The process was highly subjective.

Pseudo-psychology (also known as pseudo-science or neuro-myths) can give the appearance of science...

but does not follow the basics of the scientific method to form conclusions.

Lucy wants to study changes in physical attributes, cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in ________ psychology.

developmental

Which of the following is not part of feminist psychology?

favoring women over men

Which kind of psychologist would be consulted in jury selection and witness preparation?

forensic

The empirical method of study is based on ________.

observation of phenomena

A psychologists thinks that more fights will erupt when alcohol is sold at competitive sporting events than when alcohol is not sold. What type of psychology goal does the previous statement represent?

Prediction goal

Which of the following exemplifies the empirical method?

Dr. Sarkeesian observes and records how watching cartoons influences heart rates.

Which perspective within psychology emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans?

Humanism

Which of the following is the BEST example of psychology's goal of describing behavior or mental processes?

Conducting a survey to determine how many people use medications for depression.

Which of the following is the BEST example of psychology's goal of changing behavior?

Exploring the function of cutting behavior in a teenager's life so the teenager can understand her/his options and makes choices regarding the behavior.

A series of dots arranged in the shape of a face will be perceived as a face, not a series of dots. A psychologist studying this phenomenon is applying the principals of ________.

Gestalt psychology

Critical thinking involves:

actively applying a set of skills to information in order to understand and evaluate that information.

Introspection refers to a process by which someone examines ________ as objectively as possible.

another person's consciousness

Ashya wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. What area of psychology should she work in?

clinical psychology

One goal of psychology is "change." This means:

how to do something differently; that is, increase, reduce, stop, prevent a behavior or mental process.

Guillermo spends some time each day applying the principles of structuralism to examine his own conscious experience as carefully as possible. Guillermo is engaged in ________.

introspection

Mental Processes are our:

private, internal experiences - thoughts, perceptions, feelings and emotions, memories - that cannot be observed directly.

In your text, psychology is defined as the _____.

scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Psychology refers to the ________.

scientific study of the mind and behavior

Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by ________.

studying overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes

Functionalist psychologists focus on the function of behavior and ________.

the operation of the whole mind rather than the individual parts

Common pseudo-science characteristics include:

unfalsifiability.