IST 3343 Full Test 3 Bank

Process, logic, and data-model descriptions of a system must be consistent and complete since: a. they each describe different but complementary views of the same information system. b. they are prepared during the analysis phase. c. they are constructed in parallel by separate analyst teams. d. a data model indicates when the data are processed. e. a data model shows how the data are processed.

a. they each describe different but complementary views of the same information system.

A null value is used to represent the zero digit in a relation.

False

During systems design, a conceptual data model with attributes is prepared.

False

Use a verb or verb phrase to name an entity.

False

Cardinality is the number of instances of entity B that can (or must) be associated with each instance of entity A.

True

Designing usable forms and reports requires your active interaction with users.

True

The names of data stores on primitive-level data flow diagrams often correspond to the names of data entities in entity-relationship (E-R) diagrams.

True

The primary deliverable for the conceptual data-modeling step within the analysis phase is an entity-relationship diagram.

True

The purpose of the conceptual data model is to show as many rules about the meaning and interrelationships among data as possible.

True

The selection of the appropriate storage format for each attribute from the logical database model is made during physical database design.

True

The top-down approach to data modeling derives a data model from an intimate understanding of the nature of the business.

True

The values validation test makes sure that values come from a standard set of values.

True

When displaying tables and lists, you should right-justify numeric data and align columns by decimal points or other delimiters.

True

Each of the following is a guideline for displaying text except: a. use abbreviations and acronyms instead of full text. b. do not hyphenate words between lines. c. left-justify text and leave a ragged right margin. d. display text in mixed upper- and lowercase and use conventional punctuation. e. use double spacing if space permits.

a. use abbreviations and acronyms instead of full text.

Which of the following is the standard method of gathering and displaying information on the Internet? a. Dialogue interaction b. Form interaction c. Report interaction d. Menu selection e. VRML interaction

b. Form interaction

Which of the following is an example of a form? a. Invoice b. Pie chart c. Mailing labels d. An electronic spreadsheet e. Weekly sales summaries by region and salesperson

d. An electronic spreadsheet

A logical data model is prepared during systems analysis.

False

A primary key should be null.

False

A relation corresponds to a computer file.

False

An enterprise-wide data model is prepared during systems implementation and operation.

False

Conceptual data modeling for an Internet-based electronic commerce application differs significantly from the process followed when analyzing the data needs for other types of applications.

False

Conceptual modeling is performed during systems design.

False

Designing the database for an Internet-based electronic commerce application differs significantly from the process followed when designing the database for other types of applications.

False

Each column in a relation corresponds to an entity type.

False

Highlighting should be used as often as possible to draw the user away from or to certain information.

False

Invoices and mailing labels are examples of forms.

False

Processes, rather than data, are the most complex aspects of many modern information systems.

False

Referencing a relation, the sequence of columns cannot be interchanged without changing the meaning or use of the relation.

False

The JAD approach is used for designing interfaces and dialogues.

False

The network model is the most common style for a logical database model.

False

The purpose of the testing and usability assessment section of a form design specification is to explain to those who will actually develop the final form why this form exists and how it will be used.

False

The selection of data-storage technologies is made during the systems implementation and operation phase.

False

When constructing a data model, the analyst needs to know how, when, and where data are processed.

False

When designing textual output, both the left and right margins should appear justified.

False

When designing textual output, you should hyphenate words between lines.

False

When designing textual output, you should use single spacing wherever possible.

False

When displaying textual information, use abbreviations and acronyms as often as possible.

False

When preparing an initial prototype of a form or report, the structuring and refinement of the requirements involves much input from the end users.

False

When structuring data entry fields, captions are not always necessary.

False

Where possible, text should appear in all uppercase on forms.

False

A default value is a value a field will assume unless an explicit value is entered for that field.

True

A multivalued attribute is an attribute that may take on more than one value for each entity instance.

True

A relationship must be turned into an associative entity when the associative entity has other relationships with entities besides the relationship that caused its creation.

True

A true data entity will have many possible instances, each with a distinguishing characteristic, as well as one or more other descriptive pieces of data.

True

An entity is a person, place, object, event, or concept in the user environment about which the organization wishes to maintain data.

True

An identifier is a candidate key that has been selected as the unique, identifying characteristic for an entity type.

True

Analysts should consider substituting single-attribute surrogate keys for large composite keys.

True

Each row of a relation corresponds to a record that contains data values for an entity.

True

Good interface design provides a consistent way for moving the cursor to different places on the form, editing characters and fields, moving among form displays, and obtaining help.

True

Highlighting methods should be consistently selected and used based upon the level of importance of the emphasized information.

True

Highlighting techniques can be used singularly or in combination, depending upon the level of emphasis desired by the designer.

True

Ideally, each data store on a primitive data-flow diagram will be an individual entity.

True

If for every valid value of A the value of B is determined by the value of A, then B is functionally dependent on A.

True

Normalization helps build a data model that is simple, not redundant, and requires minimum maintenance.

True

On the Internet, form interaction is the standard method of gathering and displaying information when consumers order products, request product information, or query account status.

True

One of the purposes of logical and physical database design is to choose data-storage technologies that will efficiently, accurately, and securely process database activities.

True

One way to handle repeating data within an entity is to separate the repeating data into another entity, called a weak entity.

True

Referencing an employee entity, an employee's skills are an example of a multivalued attribute.

True

Relationships are labeled with verb phrases.

True

The characteristics of data captured during data modeling are crucial in the design of databases, programs, computer screens, and printed reports.

True

The contents of a form or report correspond to the data elements contained in an associated data flow located on a data-flow diagram.

True

The data on all forms and reports must consist of data elements in data stores and on the E-R data model for the application or else be computed from these data elements.

True

The goal of conceptual data modeling is to capture as much of the meaning of data as possible.

True

When selecting an identifier, one should choose a candidate key that will not change its value over the life of each instance of the entity type.

True

When structuring data entry fields, the system should automatically justify data entries.

True

Asking system users and business managers "How many instances of each object might exist?" would help determine: a. the data entities and their descriptions. b. the candidate key. c. attributes and secondary keys. d. relationships and their cardinality and degrees. e. integrity rules, minimum and maximum cardinality, and time dimensions of data.

a. the data entities and their descriptions.

The data modeling perspective that derives the business rules for a data model from an intimate understanding of the nature of the business, rather than from any specific information requirements in screens, reports, or business forms, is referred to as the: a. top-down approach. b. bottom-up approach. c. overview approach. d. business approach. e. conceptual approach.

a. top-down approach.

Which of the following are general guidelines for displaying tables and lists? a. All columns and rows should have meaningful labels. b. Place a blank line between every five rows in long columns. c. Use the same family of typefaces within and across displays and reports. d. Allow white space on printed reports for the user to write notes. e. All of the above are guidelines for displaying tables and lists.

e. All of the above are guidelines for displaying tables and lists.

Which of the following is a guideline for displaying text? a. Use double spacing if space permits. b. Do not hyphenate words between lines. c. Left-justify text and leave a ragged right margin. d. Display text in mixed upper- and lowercase and use conventional punctuation. e. All of the above are guidelines for displaying text.

e. All of the above are guidelines for displaying text.

Which of the following is an example of a form? a. Invoice b. Pie chart c. Weekly sales summaries by region and salesperson d. Mailing labels e. Automated teller machine transaction layout

e. Automated teller machine transaction layout

For a binary one-to-one relationship between two entities A and B, the relationship is represented by: a. adding the primary key of A as a foreign key of B. b. adding the primary key of B as a foreign key of A. c. combining the two entities into one relation. d. creating a third relation to represent the relationship between the two entities. e. either a or b.

e. either a or b.

Which of the following is not a true statement regarding a relation? a. Each relation consists of a set of named columns and an arbitrary number of unnamed rows. b. Each column in a relation corresponds to an attribute of that relation. c. An entry at the intersection of each row and column has a single value. d. Each row in a relation corresponds to an attribute of that relation. e. The rows may be interchanged or stored in any sequence.

d. Each row in a relation corresponds to an attribute of that relation.

Which of the following is not a general guideline for displaying tables and lists? a. Labels should be separated from other information by using highlighting. b. Avoid overly fancy fonts. c. Columns should have at least two spaces between them. d. Right-justify textual data, and use a short line length. e. Similar information displayed in multiple columns should be sorted vertically.

d. Right-justify textual data, and use a short line length.

A detailed, logical, and graphical representation of the entities, associations, and data elements for an organization or business area best describes a(n): a. logic model. b. data-flow diagram. c. structure chart. d. entity-relationship diagram or E-R diagram. e. data tree.

d. entity-relationship diagram or E-R diagram.

A person, place, object, event, or concept in the user environment about which the organization wishes to maintain data refers to a(n): a. attribute. b. data element. c. relationship. d. entity. e. process.

d. entity.

Each of the following is a true statement about highlighting except: a. highlighting techniques can be used singularly or in combination, depending upon the level of emphasis desired by the designer. b. highlighting should be used conservatively. c. highlighting methods should be consistently selected and used based upon the level of importance of the emphasized information. d. highlighting should be used as frequently as possible to draw the user to or away from certain information and to group together related information. e. it is important to examine how a particular highlighting method appears on all possible output devices that could be used with the system.

d. highlighting should be used as frequently as possible to draw the user to or away from certain information and to group together related information.

Which of the following is a true statement? a. A data model explains what the organization does and what rules govern how work is done in the organization. b. To construct a data model, you need to know how data are processed. c. To construct a data model, you need to know when data are processed. d. A data flow diagram graphically illustrates the structure and relationships among data items. e. During conceptual data modeling, the preparation of a Network diagram is necessary.

a. A data model explains what the organization does and what rules govern how work is done in the organization.

Which of the following is an example of a report? a. Mailing labels b. Computer sign-on screen c. Electronic spreadsheet d. Automated teller machine transaction layout e. Class registration sheet

a. Mailing labels

For a binary many-to-many relationship existing between entity types A and B: a. a separate relation C is created; the primary key of relation C is a composite key consisting of the primary key for each of the two entities in the relationship. b. the primary keys of relation A becomes a foreign key of relation B. c. secondary keys are used to establish the relationship. d. place the primary key of either entity in the relation for the other entity or do this for both entities. e. none of the above.

a. a separate relation C is created; the primary key of relation C is a composite key consisting of the primary key for each of the two entities in the relationship.

If an associative entity exists, then: a. a separate relation C is created; the primary key of relation C is a composite key consisting of the primary key for each of the two entities in the relationship. b. the primary keys of relation A and relation B become foreign keys in a new relation C. c. secondary keys are used to establish the relationship. d. place the primary key of either entity in the relation for the other entity or do this for both entities. e. none of the above should be done.

a. a separate relation C is created; the primary key of relation C is a composite key consisting of the primary key for each of the two entities in the relationship.

A named property or characteristic of an entity that is of interest to the organization defines: a. attribute. b. relationship. c. instance. d. associative entity. e. data flow.

a. attribute.

A single occurrence of an entity type defines: a. entity instance. b. entity appearance. c. attribute. d. data element. e. entity type.

a. entity instance.

A collection of entities that share common properties or characteristics best defines: a. entity type. b. entity instance. c. entity occurrence. d. entity collection. e. data set.

a. entity type.

If order number serves as the primary key in the order relation and also appears as a nonkey attribute in the invoice relation, then order number is said to be a: a. foreign key. b. candidate key. c. pointer. d. relationship key. e. marker.

a. foreign key.

The process of converting complex data structures into simple, stable data structures is referred to as: a. normalization. b. simplification. c. structuring. d. process modeling. e. relational conversion.

a. normalization.

The most common style for a logical database model is the: a. relational database model. b. hierarchical database model. c. network database model. d. object-oriented database model. e. hybrid database model.

a. relational database model.

A binary one-to-many relationship in an E-R diagram is best represented by: a. the creation of a separate relation; the primary key of this new relation is a composite key consisting of the primary key for each of the two entities in the relationship. b. adding the primary key attribute (or attributes) of the entity on the one side of the relationship as a foreign key in the relation that is on the many side of the relationship. c. adding the primary key attribute (or attributes) of the entity on the many side of the relationship as a foreign key in the relation that is on the one side of the relationship. d. creating a relation with a composite primary key and nonkey attributes. e. none of the above.

b. adding the primary key attribute (or attributes) of the entity on the one side of the relationship as a foreign key in the relation that is on the many side of the relationship.

The primary deliverable from the conceptual data-modeling step within the analysis phase is: a. a state-transition diagram. b. an entity-relationship diagram. c. a context data flow diagram. d. a decision table. e. Structured English.

b. an entity-relationship diagram.

The most common format used for data modeling is: a. state-transition diagramming. b. entity-relationship diagramming. c. process modeling. d. logic modeling. e. a flowchart.

b. entity-relationship diagramming.

Which of the following is a true statement? a. Data entities correspond to sources/sinks on a data flow diagram. b. Relationships correspond to data flows on a data flow diagram. c. A data entity will have many possible instances. d. Verbs are used to name entity types. e. An entity type is described many times in the data model.

c. A data entity will have many possible instances.

Which of the following is a true statement? a. Data characteristics are dynamic. b. A data model explains the transient form of an organization. c. An information system design based on a data orientation, rather than a process or logic orientation, should have a longer useful life. d. Data flow paths are permanent. e. A data model graphically represents the processes that capture, manipulate, store, and distribute data between a system and its environment and among components within a system.

c. An information system design based on a data orientation, rather than a process or logic orientation, should have a longer useful life.

Which of the following is not a rule for structuring data entry fields? a. Never require data that is already online or that can be computed. b. Always provide default values when appropriate. c. Data entries should not be justified. d. Always place a caption adjacent to fields. e. Provide context-sensitive help when appropriate.

c. Data entries should not be justified.

Reviewing computer screens, reports, and business forms for the purpose of gaining an understanding of data is indicative of the: a. investigative approach. b. business approach. c. bottom-up approach. d. top-down approach. e. conceptual approach.

c. bottom-up approach.

A product is an example of a(n): a. data element. b. attribute. c. entity. d. relationship. e. process.

c. entity.

A renewal is an example of a(n): a. data element. b. attribute. c. entity. d. relationship. e. action stub.

c. entity.

A business document that contains some predefined data and may include some areas where additional data are to be filled in best describes a: a. written procedure. b. turn-around document. c. form. d. report. e. coupon.

c. form.

A named two-dimensional table of data is a(n): a. network. b. tree structure. c. relation. d. tuple. e. object.

c. relation.

A data model that represents data in the form of tables or relations is called a(n): a. hierarchical database model. b. network database model. c. relational database model. d. hybrid database model. e. object-oriented database model.

c. relational database model.

Conceptual data modeling is typically done in parallel with other requirements analysis and structuring steps during: a. systems planning and selection. b. systems design. c. systems analysis. d. systems implementation and operation. e. systems evaluation.

c. systems analysis.

Human interface design is performed during: a. systems planning and selection. b. systems analysis. c. systems design. d. systems implementation and operation. e. requirements structuring.

c. systems design.