IT 254 Ilstu - Exam 1

During the ____________________ UP disciplines, the business, its environment, and user requirements are defined and modeled.

Business modeling and requirements

The contents of a memory location are copied to a register while performing a(n) ________________

Load operation

In a positional numbering system, the ______________ separates digits representing whole number quantities from digits representing fractional quantities.

radix point

A(n) __________ is a storage location implemented in the CPU.

register

Unlike ASCII and EBCDIC, ______________ is a 16-bit or 32-bit character coding table.

unicode

_________________ is a technique that enables a single computer to host multiple virtual machines.

virtualization

A(n) ____________ is an electrical switch built of semiconducting materials.

Transistor

______________________ says that larger computer classes are more cost-efficient than smaller ones - a statement that doesn't accurately describe modern computing hardware.

Grosch's Law

Computer- and network-related standards can be found in the digital library of the _____________.

IEEE Computer Society

IS students and professionals should be familiar with professional societies, such as ___________, ___________, ___________.

IEEE Computer Society , ACM , and the AITP

Applying a(n) _______ OR transformation to input bit values 1 and 1 generates true. Applying a(n) _______ OR transformation to the same inputs generates false.

Inclusive, exclusive

A(n) ________________ or ______________ contains multiple transistors or gates in a single sealed package.

Integrated circuit, microchip

A(n) _________ copies data from one memory location to another.

Move instruction

The components of an instruction are its ________ and one or more _________ .

Op code, operands

A(n) _____________ is the most common type of system software.

Operating System

Most programs are written in a(n) _____________, such as FORTRAN or Java, which is then translated into equivalent CPU instructions.

Programming Language

A(n) ______ processor limits the number and type of complex instructions

RISC

The term __________ describes the collection of storage devices that hold large quantities of data for long periods.

Secondary Storage

A(n) __________ typically uses the latest and most expensive technology.

Supercomputer

The term _________ includes several other types of computer-related architecture including computer, network, and software architecture.

Technology Architecture

Configuring hardware and system software is an activity of the ___________ discipline.

UP deployment

3. Selecting hardware, network components, and system software is an activity of the __________ discipline.

UP design

A technology brief found on a vendor or manufacturer Web site is often called a ____________ .

White paper

A(n) _________ contains 8 __________.

byte, bits

A(n) __________ is a data structure containing both static data and methods.

class

The ordering of characters in a coding table is called a(n) _____________ .

collating sequence

A(n) ________________ consists of hardware and software components that enable multiple users and computer to share information, software, and hardware resources.

computer network

The major components of a CPU are the _______________

control unit , registers , and Arithmetic Logic Unit .

Key characteristics that distinguish primary and secondary storage include __________________.

cost, capacity, speed, and volatility

The _________ of a processor is 1 divided by the clock rate (in Hz).

cycle time

A(n) ______________ is an integer stored in double the normal number of bit positions.

double-precision

In the ___________ , memory addresses consist of a single integer.

flat memory model

A(n) ______ is an electrical circuit that implements a Boolean or other primitive processing function on single bit inputs.

gate

A CPU is a(n) _____________ capable of performing many different tasks simply by changing the program.

general-purpose processor

A(n) _____________ is a group of dissimilar computer systems, connected by a high-speed network, that cooperate to provide services or run an application.

grid

A(n) _____________ improves heat dissipation by providing a thermal mass and a large thermal transfer surface

heat sync

One ________ is one cycle per second.

hertz

Assembly (machine) language programs for most computers use ___________ notation to represent memory address values.

hexadecimal

A(n) __________ or instruction transforms the bit pairs 1/1, 1/0, and 0/1 into 1.

inclusive

When an instruction is first fetched from memory, it's placed in the ___________ and then __________ to extract its components.

instruction register, decoded

In a CPU, ______________ arithmetic generally is easier to implement than _____________ arithmetic because of a simpler data coding scheme and data manipulation circuitry.

integer, floating point

The ___________ is the bit of lowest magnitude in a byte or bit string.

least significant

A set of data items that can be accessed in a specified order by using pointers is called a(n) _______ .

linked list

Types or classes of larger servers include _________ , which are generally optimized for data storage and I/O capability, and _______________ which are generally optimized for computational capacity and speed.

mainframes , supercomputers

Primary storage can also be called ________ and is generally implemented with RAM .

memory

Increasing a numeric representation format's size (number of bits) increases the _____________ of values that can be represented.

numeric range

A(n) __________ is one instance or variable of a class.

object

__________ occurs when the result of an arithmetic operation exceeds the number of bits available to store it.

overflow