IT 254 Ilstu - Exam 1
During the ____________________ UP disciplines, the business, its environment, and user requirements are defined and modeled.
Business modeling and requirements
The contents of a memory location are copied to a register while performing a(n) ________________
Load operation
In a positional numbering system, the ______________ separates digits representing whole number quantities from digits representing fractional quantities.
radix point
A(n) __________ is a storage location implemented in the CPU.
register
Unlike ASCII and EBCDIC, ______________ is a 16-bit or 32-bit character coding table.
unicode
_________________ is a technique that enables a single computer to host multiple virtual machines.
virtualization
A(n) ____________ is an electrical switch built of semiconducting materials.
Transistor
______________________ says that larger computer classes are more cost-efficient than smaller ones - a statement that doesn't accurately describe modern computing hardware.
Grosch's Law
Computer- and network-related standards can be found in the digital library of the _____________.
IEEE Computer Society
IS students and professionals should be familiar with professional societies, such as ___________, ___________, ___________.
IEEE Computer Society , ACM , and the AITP
Applying a(n) _______ OR transformation to input bit values 1 and 1 generates true. Applying a(n) _______ OR transformation to the same inputs generates false.
Inclusive, exclusive
A(n) ________________ or ______________ contains multiple transistors or gates in a single sealed package.
Integrated circuit, microchip
A(n) _________ copies data from one memory location to another.
Move instruction
The components of an instruction are its ________ and one or more _________ .
Op code, operands
A(n) _____________ is the most common type of system software.
Operating System
Most programs are written in a(n) _____________, such as FORTRAN or Java, which is then translated into equivalent CPU instructions.
Programming Language
A(n) ______ processor limits the number and type of complex instructions
RISC
The term __________ describes the collection of storage devices that hold large quantities of data for long periods.
Secondary Storage
A(n) __________ typically uses the latest and most expensive technology.
Supercomputer
The term _________ includes several other types of computer-related architecture including computer, network, and software architecture.
Technology Architecture
Configuring hardware and system software is an activity of the ___________ discipline.
UP deployment
3. Selecting hardware, network components, and system software is an activity of the __________ discipline.
UP design
A technology brief found on a vendor or manufacturer Web site is often called a ____________ .
White paper
A(n) _________ contains 8 __________.
byte, bits
A(n) __________ is a data structure containing both static data and methods.
class
The ordering of characters in a coding table is called a(n) _____________ .
collating sequence
A(n) ________________ consists of hardware and software components that enable multiple users and computer to share information, software, and hardware resources.
computer network
The major components of a CPU are the _______________
control unit , registers , and Arithmetic Logic Unit .
Key characteristics that distinguish primary and secondary storage include __________________.
cost, capacity, speed, and volatility
The _________ of a processor is 1 divided by the clock rate (in Hz).
cycle time
A(n) ______________ is an integer stored in double the normal number of bit positions.
double-precision
In the ___________ , memory addresses consist of a single integer.
flat memory model
A(n) ______ is an electrical circuit that implements a Boolean or other primitive processing function on single bit inputs.
gate
A CPU is a(n) _____________ capable of performing many different tasks simply by changing the program.
general-purpose processor
A(n) _____________ is a group of dissimilar computer systems, connected by a high-speed network, that cooperate to provide services or run an application.
grid
A(n) _____________ improves heat dissipation by providing a thermal mass and a large thermal transfer surface
heat sync
One ________ is one cycle per second.
hertz
Assembly (machine) language programs for most computers use ___________ notation to represent memory address values.
hexadecimal
A(n) __________ or instruction transforms the bit pairs 1/1, 1/0, and 0/1 into 1.
inclusive
When an instruction is first fetched from memory, it's placed in the ___________ and then __________ to extract its components.
instruction register, decoded
In a CPU, ______________ arithmetic generally is easier to implement than _____________ arithmetic because of a simpler data coding scheme and data manipulation circuitry.
integer, floating point
The ___________ is the bit of lowest magnitude in a byte or bit string.
least significant
A set of data items that can be accessed in a specified order by using pointers is called a(n) _______ .
linked list
Types or classes of larger servers include _________ , which are generally optimized for data storage and I/O capability, and _______________ which are generally optimized for computational capacity and speed.
mainframes , supercomputers
Primary storage can also be called ________ and is generally implemented with RAM .
memory
Increasing a numeric representation format's size (number of bits) increases the _____________ of values that can be represented.
numeric range
A(n) __________ is one instance or variable of a class.
object
__________ occurs when the result of an arithmetic operation exceeds the number of bits available to store it.
overflow