ITEC 3000 Midterm
criteria range
A location separate from the table used to list specific search specifications.
OR function
A logical function that returns TRUE if either part of the condition is true.
AND function
A logical function that returns the word TRUE if both arguments are true.
Azure
A logical function that returns the word TRUE if both arguments are true.
NOT function
A logical function that uses a single argument and returns TRUE if the condition is false.
criteria
A logical rule by which data is tested and chosen.
Formula
A mathematical statement in a spreadsheet or table cell that calculates a value using cell references, numbers, and arithmetic operators such as +, -, *, and /.
formula checker
A mathematical statement in a spreadsheet or table cell that calculates a value using cell references, numbers, and arithmetic operators such as +, -, *, and /.
cell name
A name assigned to a cell or cell range that can be used in formulas.
scenario
A named set of values you use in a what-if analysis; the Excel Scenario Manager lets you store and manage different scenarios.
XOR function
A rarely used logical function that returns TRUE if either argument is true, and returns FALSE if both are true or false.
mixed cell reference
A cell reference that changes when the formula containing that reference is moved to a new location
relative references
A cell reference that changes when the formula containing that reference is moved to a new location
precedent
A cell referenced in a formula that references other cells.
dependent
A cell that relies on references to another cell.
Assumptions
A cell value that you can change to determine a new value for formulas.
combo chart
A chart consisting of two charts, such as a column chart combined with a line chart, that together graph related but dissimilar data.
line chart
A chart or visualization that displays data as separate lines across categories.
database
A collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data.
Linear programming
A complex mathematical process used to solve problems that include multiple variables and the minimizing or maximizing of result values.
virus
A computer program designed to copy itself into other programs with the intention of causing mischief or harm, usually without the user's knowledge or permission.
two-input data table
A data table in which you can vary the value in two cells and then see the recalculated results.
worksheet reference
A data type that refers to a rectangular block of cells (which can be just one cell), or in some cases, a number of noncontiguous blocks of cells.
serial number
A date and time Excel stores that represents the number of days since January 1900, followed by a fractional portion of a 24-hour day.
WEEKDAY function
A date function that returns the day of the week from a serial date.
SmartArt graphic
A diagram that shows information or ideas visually using a combination of shapes and text.
auto fill series
A feature that creates a series with the same results as dragging the fill handle.
Goal Seek
A feature that reverses the trial-and-error process by allowing you to specify an output value and then working backward to find the input value needed to reach that goal.
Goal seek
A feature that reverses the trial-and-error process by allowing you to specify an output value and then working backward to find the input value needed to reach that goal.
control field
A field on which you sort.
delimited file
A file in which each record is on a separate line and the fields are separated by a special character, called the delimiter.
fixed-width file
A file in which the width of any field is the same on every record.
comma-delimited text file
A file that contains data fields separated by a comma.
text file
A file that contains data with little or no formatting.
read-only file
A file that you can open and access but cannot make permanent changes to.
template
A file with a theme applied and that may contain formatted placeholder text, headers and footers, and graphics that you replace with your own information for hundreds of purposes, including budgets, flyers, and resumes; template files have slightly different file extensions than standard application files, such as .xltx, .pptx., or .dotx.
destination document
The document to which items are being pasted.
absolute path
The entire drive path, folder, worksheet name, and cell reference for a workbook.
sort keys
The field or fields on which records are sorted in a query.
PMT function
The financial function that calculates the payment schedule required to repay a loan based on constant payments and a constant interest rate.
logical test
The first part of an IF function; if the logical test is true, then the second part of the function is applied; if it is false, then the third part of the function is applied.
ROUND function
The function that rounds a value to the nearest digit.
table arguments
The left column values in a table array.
source workbooks
Workbook from which you copy or link data.
ALT tag
Descriptive text added to an object. Also called alt text.
Alternative text
Descriptive text added to an object. Also called alt text.
record
In Access and Excel, a row of data in a table, representing a complete set of field values for a specific person, place, object, event, or idea; also called a tuple.
Margins
In Excel and Word, the space between the page content and the edges of the page.
column index number
In Excel functions, the column location of the return value within the table array.
Range Finder
In Excel, a feature that checks which cells are referenced in the formula assigned to the active cell.
drilling an entry
In Excel, a feature that lets you enter a number in the same cell through all selected worksheets.
PRODUCT function
In Excel, a formula that calculates the product of two or more numbers.
IF function
In Excel, a function that assigns a value to a cell based on a logical test.
WORKDAY function
In Excel, a function that displays the date of a weekday that is a specified number of weekdays past a starting date.
MAX function
In Excel, a function that displays the highest value in a range.
NOW function
In Excel, a function that returns a number that corresponds to the system date and time, beginning with December 31, 1899.
web query
In Excel, a query that selects data from the Internet or from an HTML file to add to a worksheet.
source range
In Excel, a range being used as a source.
superscript
In Excel, a small number placed above the normal text line to indicate exponentiation.
format symbols
In Excel, a symbol that assigns a format to numbers as they are entered.
table array
In Excel, a table of information in which data is looked up.
lookup table
In Excel, a table that stores the data you want to retrieve with a lookup function; also called a table array.
PROPER function
In Excel, a text function that converts the first letter of each word to uppercase, capitalizes any letter that does not follow another letter, and changes all other letters to lowercase.
LEFT function
In Excel, a text function that returns a specified number of characters from the beginning of a specified text string.
Watch Window
In Excel, a window that displays values of cells located throughout the workbook.
external reference indicator
In Excel, an exclamation point (!) used in a formula to indicate that a referenced cell is outside the active sheet.
object
In Excel, an independent element on a worksheet (such as a chart or graphic) that is not located in a specific cell or range; can be moved and resized and displays handles when selected.
table
In Excel, an organized collection of rows and columns of similarly structured data on a worksheet.
footer
In Excel, text or graphics that print at the bottom of each page.
MATCH function
In Excel, the function that returns the position number of an item in a range or table.
replication
In Excel, the process of copying formulas.
consolidation
In Excel, to combine data on multiple worksheets and display the result on another worksheet.
link
In Excel, to consolidate data from separate workbooks.
document
In Excel, to make notes about basic worksheet assumptions, complex formulas, or questionable data.
promote
In Excel, to move a shape to a higher level.
demote
In Excel, to move a shape to a lower level.
Tracer arrows
In Excel, worksheet auditing arrows that point from cells that might have caused an error to the active cell containing an error.
shape
In Office apps, a drawing object, such as a rectangle, oval, triangle, line, block arrow, or other shape that you create using the Shapes command.
outline symbols
In Outline view, the buttons that, when clicked, change the amount of detail that appears in the outlined worksheet.
query
In Power BI or similar programs, a request for information from a data source.
inking
In PowerPoint, freehand pen and highlighter marks you can draw on a slide in Normal view to emphasize information.
Normal style
In Word, Publisher, and Excel, the default style that is applied to all text or cells when you start the program.
summary function
In a PivotTable, a function that determines the type of calculation applied to the PivotTable data, such as SUM or COUNT.
relative cell reference
In a formula, a cell address that automatically changes to reflect the new location when the formula is copied or moved; the default type of referencing used in Excel worksheets; also called a relative reference.
absolute cell reference
In a formula, a cell address that refers to a specific cell and does not change when you copy the formula.
Accessibility
The practice of removing barriers that might prevent individuals with disabilities from interacting with data or an app.
Formula auditing
The process of tracking errors and checking worksheet logic.
download
The process of transferring (copying) a file from a server, computer, or device to another computer or device.
destination range
The range being used as a destination in a data exchange.
order of operations
The sequence in which operators are applied in a calculation.
search string
The sequence of letters you enter in a search box.
drag and drop
The technique of moving an item by selecting it and then dragging the selection to a new location; can be used to move an Excel cell or range, a PowerPoint thumbnail, or a Word text or graphic.
lookup value
The value that is being looked up in a lookup table.
Cell protection
Techniques that ensure users do not inadvertently change values that are critical to the worksheet.
indirect circular reference
A reference in which a cell formula refers to another cell or cells that include a formula that refers back to the original cell.
structured reference
A reference that allows table formulas to refer to table columns by names that are automatically generated when the table is created.
direct circular reference
A reference that occurs when a formula refers to the same cell in which it is entered.
3D reference
A reference to a 3-D range, a range that spans two or more worksheets in a workbook.
equal sign (=)
A symbol (=) that alerts Excel that you are entering a formula or function, not text.
computational field
A table column or field that contains a formula, function, cell reference, structured reference, or condition.
linking
A technique that allows you to insert a copy of an object into a destination document, with the object maintaining a connection to the source file.
Office Clipboard
A temporary storage area in the computer's memory that lets you collect text and objects from a file created by a Microsoft Office app, and then paste the text or objects into files created by any Microsoft Office app; can hold a maximum of 24 items
RIGHT function
A text function that displays a specified number of characters from the end of a specified text string
CONCAT function
A text function that joins, or concatenates, two or more text values.
linear series
A type of fill series in which you use the Fill button and Series dialog box to fill cells with data.
date series
A type of fill series in which you use the Fill button and Series dialog box to fill cells with dates.
growth series
A type of fill series that multiplies values by a constant factor.
one-variable data table
Also called a one-input data table, a range of cells that shows resulting values when one input value in a formula is changed.
decision variable cells
Cells modified by Solver; also called changing cells or adjustable cells.
Power Query
A BI tool used for writing queries to almost any kind of data source.
Answer Report
A Solver report summarizing the results of a successful solution.
Ink annotations
A freehand drawing on the screen in Slide Show view made by using the pen or highlighter tool.
nested IF function
A function in which the action to be taken for the true or false case includes another IF function.
volatile function
A function that automatically recalculates its values every time Excel does any calculation in the workbook
DAVERAGE function
A function that calculates the average of numbers in a table field that pass a test.
DCOUNT function
A function that counts the number of numeric entries in a table field that pass a test.
TRANSPOSE function
A function that lets you change the orientation of a range—that is, return a vertical range of cells as a horizontal range, or vice versa.
TODAY function
A function that returns only the current date, which updates each time a worksheet is opened.
FV function
A function that returns the future value of an investment based on scheduled payments and an unchanging interest rate.
PV function
A function that returns the present value of an annuity.
VLOOKUP function
A function that returns values from a vertical lookup table.
MIN function
A function used to determine the lowest (minimum) number in a range.
character
A letter, number, symbol, or punctuation mark.
trendline
A line that represents the general direction in a series of data.
cell animation
A live preview that updates as you insert new data.
Creative Commons
A nonprofit organization that makes it easy for content creators to license and share their work by supplying easy-to-understand copyright licenses; the creator chooses the conditions under which the work can be used.
R-squared value
A number from 0 to 1 that measures the strength of a trend.
Sharpening
A picture effect that increases the contrast at color changes to emulate a more defined edge.
screen clipping
A portion of a screen, usually of one object or a section of a window.
theme
A predefined, coordinated set of colors, fonts, graphical effects, and other formats that can be applied to documents, spreadsheets, presentations, publications, and Access forms and reports to give them a consistent, professional look.
import
A process that lets you copy the data from an external source, without having to open the source file, and add it to the current file, such as an Access database, a worksheet, or a publication.
Data validation
A process that sets cells so that the values they accept are restricted in terms of type and range of data.
antivirus program
A program that locates and destroys viruses and other malware before they infect a device.
extract range
A range in which Excel copies the records that meet the comparison criteria in the criteria range in a search or filter to another part of the worksheet.
one-input data table
A range of cells that shows resulting values when one input value in a formula is changed.
data table
A range of cells that shows the resulting values when one or more input values are varied in a formula; in a chart, a grid containing the chart data.
category names
A range that identifies the major groups for a chart.
3D range
A range that spans two or more worksheets in a workbook.
amortization schedule
A schedule that shows loan balances and the payment amounts applied to principal and interest for each payment period.
delimiter
A separator such as a space, comma, or semicolon between elements in imported data.
annuity
A series of fixed payments made at the end of each fixed period at a fixed interest rate.
format code
A series of symbols used to describe exactly how Excel should display a number, date, time, or text string.
subscript
A small number placed below the normal text line, such as those used in scientific and chemical notations.
icon
A small picture that represents a program, file, or hardware device
Hypertext Markup Language
A special language that software developers use to create and format webpage elements.
HTML
A special language that software developers use to create and format webpage elements; stands for Hypertext Markup Language.
wildcard characters
A special symbol that substitutes for unknown characters in search text; the most common are the question mark (?), which stands for any single character, and the asterisk (*), which represents any group of characters.
PivotTable report
A spreadsheet table designed to create meaningful data summaries that analyze worksheets containing large amounts of data.
quartile
A way to divide ordered data into equal groups based on finding the median.
What if analysis
A way to explore the impact that changing input values has on calculated values and output values
Trial and error
A way to perform what-if analysis by changing one or more of the input values to see how they affect the other cells in the workbook.
Scenario Manager
A what-if analysis tool that allows you to record and save different sets, or scenarios, of what-if assumptions for the same worksheet.
Solver
An Excel add-in that searches for the optimal solution to a problem involving several variables.
treemap chart
An Excel chart that provides a hierarchical, visual view of data, making it easy to spot patterns and trends.
spelling checker
An Excel command that checks for spelling errors by comparing words on the worksheet against words contained in its standard dictionary.
Best fit
An Excel feature that automatically increases or decreases the width of a column so that the widest entry will fit.
PivotChart report
An Excel feature that lets you summarize worksheet data in the form of a chart, in which you can rearrange, or "pivot," parts of the chart structure to explore new data relationships; also called a PivotChart.
Flash Fill
An Excel feature that looks for patterns in the data you enter and automatically fills or formats data in remaining cells based on those patterns.
AVERAGEIF function
An Excel function that calculates the average of values within a range that meet multiple criteria.
AVERAGE function
An Excel function that calculates the average value of a collection of numbers.
#REF!
An Excel message indicating a cell reference error.
Point mode
An Excel mode that lets you select cells to use in a formula by using the pointer or a screen tap.
INDEX function
An alphabetical list of terms and topics and the page numbers on which they appear, usually appearing at the end of a document.
linked object
An object such as a text selection, value, or picture that is contained in a destination file and linked to a source file; when a change is made to the linked object in the source file, the change also occurs in the linked object in the destination file.
pasted object
An object that has been pasted into Excel and can be edited using Excel tools.
embedded object
An object that is created in one Office application and inserted to another; can be edited using the original program file in which they were created; editing the destination file object does not affect the source file.
Slicers
An object used to filter data in an Excel table, a PivotTable, or a PivotChart.
XML (Extensible Markup Language)
An open source markup language mainly used to identify and share data across a wide range of applications.
data series
Data from a column or row in a sheet; the set of values represented in a chart.
descending order
Data sorted from highest to lowest, most recent to earliest, or alphabetically from Z to A.
WordArt
Formatted, decorative text in a text box or other shape, created using WordArt tools.
circular reference
In a spreadsheet, an error that occurs when one of the defining values in a cell is itself.
fields
In an Access or in an Excel table or PivotTable, a column containing a specific property for each record, such as a person, place, object, event, or idea.
calculated field
In an Excel table, a field whose values are not entered but calcuated based on other fields.
data bars
In conditional cell formatting, colored horizontal rectangles in a cell; the larger the number, the wider the data bar.
Debugging
In programming, to find and correct an error in VBA code. In Excel, to find and correct errors in a worksheet.
constraint
In what-if analysis, a limitation on the values that a cell can contain.
header
Information that appears at the top of each page; also, the blank area at the top of a page where such information can be inserted.
source
Original document that contains an item being copied or pasted.
banded row
Rows in a table that are formatted in alternating colors.
HLOOKUP function
Searches for a value in the top row of a table or an array of values, and then returns a value in the same column from a row you specify in the table or array; used when comparison values are located in a row across the top of a table of data.
ALT text
See alternative text.
pixel
Short for picture element, an individual point of color on a display screen or printout.
add-in
Software that adds commands and features to Microsoft Office applications.
Conditional formatting
Special formatting that is applied if values meet specified criteria.
Page Layout view
The Excel view that shows how the sheet will look when printed.
ascending order
The arrangement of text alphabetically from A to Z, numbers from smallest to largest, and dates from oldest to newest.
bounds
The beginning or ending values on a chart axis.
objective cell
The cell that Solver is working to optimize, either by finding its maximum or its minimum value; also called a target cell.
integration
The combining of objects and data from two or more applications using linking or embedding; for example, a Word report can include a chart copied or linked from Excel, or a presentation created in PowerPoint can include a table copied from Access.
dependent workbook
The consolidated main workbook that contains the links to the separate workbooks.
return value
The data values being retrieved by the lookup function from a lookup table.
snap
To align an object precisely on top of a drawing guide.
distribute
To evenly space multiple objects horizontally or vertically.
sorting
To organize data, such as table rows, items in a list, or records in a mail merge, in ascending or descending order, based on criteria such as date, alphabetical order, file size, or filename.
