ITEC chapter 4 simnet

ARPANET

A predecessor to the internet, this government-funded network connected four U.S. universities in 1969. Tried to connect these computer through telephone lines to access computing resources from another location.

protocols (part of URL)

A set of rules or standards that must be followed by computers that wish to communicate over a network. (part of URL: http://)

Components of web browser

Address bar- displays the URL that you are currently looking at and changes when you go to a new page Navigation buttons- this allows you to move between web pages (back, forward,refresh, home,etc) Tabs- all newer browsers use a tabbed browsing interface, which allows you to have multiple web pages open in one browser window.

Types of broadband

DSL, Cable, Satellite (Dish), and Fiber-optic communication

Download and upload

Download- to receive data Upload- to send data

Search Techniques

Keyword quantity-type a few words as needed to express the topic you are looking for Common words and names- if you are looking for something specific use specific words like "Boston the band" Search modifiers- use (" ") around a group of words to force the search engine to find pages where the words appear together or a (-) sign to exclude something you don't want

Professional networking

LinkedIn is similar to other social networks but designed with a strictly professional-oriented focus. This site provides present and past employers, types of employment, region, and the users existing net work connections. Posting only upcoming event and business notifications

Consumer to Consumer (C2C)

Many websites provide a variety of mechanisms that allow any individual to sell new or used goods to another individual. These services will typically keep a commission for each transaction. Auction sites, such as eBay, offer a twist on the traditional shopping experience by letting consumers bid against each other. As transactions are completed, both the buyer and seller each enter a short description/rating of the experience for others to see. Repeat buyers and sellers take their reputation seriously.

using reliable sites examples

News organizations-Professional journalists are expected to meet standards for information gathering and fact checking. Avoid websites with excessive number of text-based advertisements Academic journals- Articles in these journals are written by professors and researchers in specific areas of study. Government sites- From laws to public records, you can find quite a bit of reliable information on government websites. Reference sites- The major encyclopedias and dictionaries obtain their information from subject-matter experts.

Bcc (parts of email)

Stands for "blind carbon copy", and is used to send a copy of an email to recipients who will remain invisible to other recipients of the message.

Subject (reply, forwarded) (part of email)

Subject- this indicates the topic or purpose of your message, lets someone know what the email is about before reading it Reply- abbreviated "re" in the subject line of emails, this indicated that the message is a reply, or response. Forwarded- to re-send an email after its initial transmission

Internet service provider (ISP)

Telecommunications companies that offer internet access to home and businesses

To (Parts of Email)

The email address of the primary recipient(s)

Business to consumer (B2C)

This is the act of purchasing products or services through a website. Amazon is the web's largest store. After looking at the reviews and photos of the product Before you buy a product you place it in a electronic shopping cart.

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)

Translates analog voice signals into digital data and uses the internet to transport the data; can connect to telephone networks and digital sources such as PCs.

Using reliable sites

Use sites where writers and publishers are expected to meet professional standards

Other useful information about web portals

Weather- Weather channel, AccuWeather Jobs- scoll through job listing (Monster, indeed) Travel- rating travel experience and hotel ratings (expedia, orbitz, and priceline) Sports- ESPN, Yahoo Sports Movies- IMDB, Rottentomatoes Recipes and food guides- foodnetwork.com and allrecipes.com

Online banking

With online banking, customers can securely log into their bank's website and perform a variety of financial transactions. -Pay bills -View monthly statements -Transfer money A variety of companies encourage their customers to establish regular automatic payments online. This reduces check writing and the chance of missing a payment deadline.

Internet freedom and openness

You can freely use the resources posted by other or you can create your own informetion. The internet society and W3C these organizations universally support the internets openness.

Pop-up blockers (advertising)

a browser feature that automatically blocks advertisements that attempt to open in a new, "pop-up" window

wiki

a collaborative information site, such as Wikipedia, that relies on the internet community to both create and edit content. Wiki insists individuals who have knowledge right in wiki but sometime there is incorrect information in the page

online payment services

a company that offers a secure and convenient way to pay for online goods and services (paypal and google wallet) This adds another layer of security and convenience for online payments

Mobile hotspot

a device that can connect to a mobile network and offer internet access to multiple devices near it.

Modem

a device that can convert digital information from a computer into the analog sound waves that can be transmitted over phone lines.

Residential gateway

a device that connects your home's network to the internet.

tethering

a feature that makes a phone act as a wireless access point (this can allow your laptop to connect to the internet through your phone

Attachments (parts of email)

a file attached to an email message

Peer-to-peer (P2P)

a file transfer method that uses a distributed network of individual users instead of a central server to transfer files. (BitTorrent)

World Wide Web

a global system of linked, hypertext documents known as web pages.

NSFNET

a high-speed network created by the national science foundation in 1986 that established connections to smaller regional networks, other agencies' networks, CSNET, and ARPANET. Was 25 times the speed of CSNET

history

a list of every website you have visited, kept by your web browser (shows the name and URL of a site)

bookmarks

a list of favorite website or pages (easy click access)

pay-per-click (advertising)

a payment model where advertisers pay for their ads only when a web site visitor clicks on the ad to go to advertiser's web site (Google's AdWords)

Subdomain (Part of URL)

a portion of a URL that usually indicated a specific subdivision or server within a larger site. (ex: sports.yahoo.com the sports part is the subdomain)

extension

a program used to add a variety of useful features to the web browser (activities such as sending instant messages or playing mobile-styles games from you browser window) (Evernote and Google hangouts)

HTTPS

a secure. encrypted version of HTTP (used when shopping or logging in to your bank)

plug-in

a separate program that allows your web browser to play several types of multimedia content (adobe flash player, which allow you to watch many videos and play games in the browser)

web servers

a server that hosts websites

Microblogging

a short-form blog where users share brief thoughts, links, and multimedia (tumblr but Twitter is the most popular microblogging)

cookies

a small data file created by a web browser that remembers your preferences for a specific website.

search engines

a sophisticated combination of hardware and software that stores the URL of millions of web pages and most of the content on those pages. When users type specific keywords into the search engine, they will recieve an organized list of matching site, images, and articles that contain those keywords.

URL

a standard addressing system that allows web pages to be located on the internet

Data plan

a subscription that allows individuals to connect to the internet using a cellular network (MB or GB you pay for)

hashtag

a symbol (#) to mark keywords or topics in a message

Learning management system (LMS)

a system that offers students the ability to complete exams, turn in work, and communicate with their instructor and classmates. (blackboard learn)

Web 2.0

a term that refers to a new way to use the web, whereby any user can create and share content, as well as provide opinions on existing content

Banner ad (advertising)

a thin, rectangular advertising boxes commonly placed across the top of a Web page

Podcast

a type of prerecorded webcast that users typically subscribe to for future streaming or automatic downloading (apple iTunes subscribe to podcasts and future episodes will be downloaded automatically)

IP address

a unique set of numbers and/or letters that uniquely identifies every computer or device on the internet

Bits per second (bps)

a unit of measurement used to track the speed at which data travels to and from the ISP

social media/ social networking

a variety of websites and services that allow individuals to share photos, news, and thoughts with other individuals. This refers to the tools and services on the internet that allow anyone to create and share different types of information Social networking- websites that are used to create connections between friends, family members, and organizations, thereby allowing individuals to share information and receive updates from those in their social circles. (Google+ and Facebook)

blog

a web page or small website that contains a series of chronological posts and comments. These are more personal and would be inappropriate in more formal areas of business (WordPress)

web pages

a web-based document

web portal

a website that provides a variety of useful information and services to visitors. (yahoo and MSN) these are common web portals on users browser's home page

hyperlink

a word or picture users can click on to immediately jump to another location within the same document or to a different web page.

cache

also known as temporary internet files, the browser cache stores every single page, image, and video for all the we pages you have recently retrieved (browsers keep these files so that frequently visited pages can be loaded faster, law enforcement looks at this to see what people have been looking at)

news aggregator

an app that allows you to pick a variety of news sources and read them in a magazine-style interface (flipboard and Windows 8 news app)

CSNET

an early computer network created in 1981 to bring together researchers in the field of computer science.

Dial-up

an older type of internet connection that uses analog signals over a phone line (most popular was AOL which is 56 kbps making it harder to download larger files and load pages with many images)

Broadband

any digital data connection that can transmit information faster than standard dial-up by using a wider band of frequencies

tagged

data attached to a photo, such as keywords, faces, and the location where it was taken

forums

discussion boards where individuals can ask question and reply to each other

e-commerce

doing business online, a way for businesses to interact with customers (instead of going to the store to buy something you can online) business have developed complex networking systems dedicated to processing orders, managing inventories, and handling payments

Massive Open Online Course (MOOC)

huge online courses offered for free by a variety of universities (princeton, harvard, and MIT)

Html

hypertext markup language. It is used to create web pages. (newer languages CSS and JavaScript)

Http

hypertext transfer protocol. It helps web servers deliever a requested page to a user's computer

Advertising

is one of the driving forces of both the internet and many types of mobile software. The top commodities that fuel advertising is consumer data, preferences, and trends. The most common way to advertise is via EMAIL!!

MMORPG's (massively multiplayer online role-playing games)

lets millions of players connect to various servers to team up with other players in very large virtual worlds

internet meme

online content that has become very popular and widespread over time (can be a phrase to expression or photograph or recording)

backbones

refers to the connections that carry most of the internet's traffic

website

several related web pages that connect to each other, these are typically hosted by web servers

Specialty sharing

social media services that focus in making one aspect of social sharing the best it can be Videos- Youtube Photos and Images- Flickr and Instagram but artists use DeviantArt/Pinterest News and Links- Reddit (users votes trending topics Books and Documents- Scribd where books, business documents, and even comic books are posted (can be free but sometimes documents/books aren't)

web browser

software that helps you find and retrieve a web page that you are interested in viewing

Cc (parts of email)

stands for "carbon copy", and is used to send a copy of your message to individuals other than your primary recipient.

Instant messaging

the act of having an online, text-based conversation with one or more individuals (lets you know their typing and you will get notified when they have replied) Skype is the most common

Body (part of email)

the body of an email message contains the text that you want your recipient to read, at the end of the message there is add a signature, which typically contains their name, title, and contact info.

Webcast

the broadcast of various types of media over the web (broadcast music, news, sports, and other content live)

Who owns the internet?

the internet is a huge, decentralized, and cooperative community of over 2 billion users worldwide. no single group or individual controls the network

Folders and files (part of URL)

the last part of a URL will list the folders and subfolders (or directories) where the web page file is located (ex: .....senate_race714.html)

Domain name (Part of URL)

the portion of a URL that uniquely identifies a site and a brand on the web (ex: apple.com or whitehouse.gov)

TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/internet protocol)

the protocols at the heart of internet communication (sets rules for both the transport of these packets (data) nd the addressing system for a network)

first-party cookies

these are issues and read by the actual website you are on (ups and amazon both use these to remember your name and ID when you return to the site)

Third-party cookies

these are typically created by marketing and advertising companies that work with the website you are visiting.

Business to Business (B2B)

this is a transaction that takes place between two companies, these companies have powerful websites to track inventory, order products, send invoices and recieve payments: -ordering auto repair parts from a wide range of suppliers -stockbrokers and financial institutions can buy stocks and other commodities -lenders can request a consumer's credit information from a credit-reporting agency

plagiarism

turning in the work of another as if it were your own or failing to cite the source of your work, you can use easybib.com and bibme.com to help cite your source

Spam

unsolicited email that is sent in bulk

social news

websites that encourage users to share links to news and other interesting content they find on the web.

viral

when funny or fascinating content is shared again and again over a short period.

Real-time communication

when messages and conversations between two or more people occur instantaneously