KIN223: Ch. 16 Nervous System: Senses
Which are true of rods?
- There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye - They function well in dim light
Which are a part of the fibrous tunic?
- cornea - sclera
The sclera ______.
- provides for eye shape - is made of dense connective tissue
Sensory receptors in which structures help monitor and adjust our equilibrium?
- semicircular ducts - utricle - saccule
Optic tracts extend to which structures after they leave the optic chiasm?
- superior colliculi - the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus
Which are the characteristics of the cornea?
- transparent - avascular
Place the structures of the vascular tunic in order from anterior to posterior.
1) iris 2) ciliary body 3) choroid
Correctly match the letter to the photoreceptor or eye part.
A: choroid B: pigmented cell layer C: outer segment D: inner segment
Match the three distinct regions of the ear with the letter on the left using the image as your guide
A: external ear B: middle ear C: inner ear
______ occurs when impulses from an organ are perceived as originating from the skin.
Referred pain
When the _____ membrane moves, the _____ on the spiral organ hair cells distort because they are anchored by the tectorial membrane.
basilar; stereocilia
Receptors initiate sensory input to the ______.
central nervous system
Gustatory cells are ______.
chemoreceptors
What structure is filled with pigment from melanocytes?
choroid
Which structure of the eye absorbs light to prevent it from scattering within the eye?
choroid
When you go from a bright light environment to a dark environment, you have a slow sensitivity to low light levels. This is called _____ _____
dark adaptation
Light rays are refracted or bent when they pass through two media of different ______.
densities
Receptors of the human body convert stimulus energy into ______.
electrical signal
Which is an accessory structure of the eye?
eyebrow
The outmost layer of the eye is called the ______ tunic.
fibrous
The retina is the ______ layer of the eye wall.
internal
What structure is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior chambers?
iris
Tactile receptors are a type of ______.
mechanoreceptor
The fat surrounding the eye is called _____ fat.
orbital
The iris controls the size of the ______.
pupil
The black hole in the eye is called the _____ and it is surrounded by the colorful _____ .
pupil; iris
Most of the eye is ______ the orbit of the skull.
receded into
The area that a receptor cell gathers information from is called the ______.
receptive field
What structure is the "white" of the eye?
sclera
Receptors for general senses are distributed throughout the ______ and viscera.
skin
Localization and sensitivity are easily determined in a ______ receptive field.
small
Which layer of the eye contains the blood and lymph vessels?
vascular tunic
Hearing and our sense of balance comes from the stimulation of which cranial nerve?
vestibulocochlear
What region of the eye contains the ciliary body?
B
Which cavity of the eyeball is divided into an anterior and posterior chamber?
anterior cavity
The auditory sensory axons of the _____ branch of cranial nerve number _____ terminate in the cochlear nucleus within the brainstem.
cochlear; VIII or 8
As we adjust to low light, our ______ becomes nonfunctional and it may take ______ for rhodopsin to become regenerated sufficiently so that you can see well in low-light conditions.
cone; 20-30 minutes
What type of photoreceptors detects color?
cones
The limbus is the junction between the sclera and the ______.
cornea
Olfaction is the sense of _____
smell
The term equilibrium refers to our awareness and monitoring of our _____ position.
head
Optic tracts ultimately are directed to the primary visual cortex in the ______ lobe.
occipital
We use the sense of _____ to sample our environment for information about the food we will eat, the presence of other individuals in the room, or potential danger.
olfaction or smell
The external ear is located mostly on the outside of the body, while the middle and inner ear areas are housed within the _____ part of the temporal bone.
petrous
What type of receptor can undergo adaptation?
phasic
If stimulated over a period of time, _____ receptors lose eventually sensitivity.
phasic or adapting
The apparent distortion of the spoon in the water glass is due to the phenomenon called _____
refraction
What structure makes up the posterior 5/6 of the fibrous tunic?
smell
Taste buds are found on the tongue and ______.
soft palate
Mechanoreceptors located in the skin and mucous membranes are called ______ receptors.
tacticle
Gustation is the sense of _____
taste
Using the image of the eye, match the letter and structure.
A: eyelash B: lacrimnal caruncle C:media palpebral commissure D: eyeball
Match the letter to the photoreceptor or photoreceptor part.
A: rod B: cone C: cell body
Match the letter and the structure using the provided image of the spiral organ.
A: tectorial membrane B: stereocilia C: cochlear nerve D: basilar membrane
Pain is an example of a ______ sense.
general
The vestibulocochlear nerve transmits ______ information.
hearing and equilibrium
Where are photoreceptors located?
in the neutral layer of the retina
Olfactory receptors ______.
perceive odors
Some individuals experience pain in their left shoulder during a heart attack. This is an example of ______.
referred pain
What is the name of structure A in the picture of the spiral organ?
tectorial membrane