KIN223: Ch. 16 Nervous System: Senses

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Which are true of rods?

- There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye - They function well in dim light

Which are a part of the fibrous tunic?

- cornea - sclera

The sclera ______.

- provides for eye shape - is made of dense connective tissue

Sensory receptors in which structures help monitor and adjust our equilibrium?

- semicircular ducts - utricle - saccule

Optic tracts extend to which structures after they leave the optic chiasm?

- superior colliculi - the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus

Which are the characteristics of the cornea?

- transparent - avascular

Place the structures of the vascular tunic in order from anterior to posterior.

1) iris 2) ciliary body 3) choroid

Correctly match the letter to the photoreceptor or eye part.

A: choroid B: pigmented cell layer C: outer segment D: inner segment

Match the three distinct regions of the ear with the letter on the left using the image as your guide

A: external ear B: middle ear C: inner ear

______ occurs when impulses from an organ are perceived as originating from the skin.

Referred pain

When the _____ membrane moves, the _____ on the spiral organ hair cells distort because they are anchored by the tectorial membrane.

basilar; stereocilia

Receptors initiate sensory input to the ______.

central nervous system

Gustatory cells are ______.

chemoreceptors

What structure is filled with pigment from melanocytes?

choroid

Which structure of the eye absorbs light to prevent it from scattering within the eye?

choroid

When you go from a bright light environment to a dark environment, you have a slow sensitivity to low light levels. This is called _____ _____

dark adaptation

Light rays are refracted or bent when they pass through two media of different ______.

densities

Receptors of the human body convert stimulus energy into ______.

electrical signal

Which is an accessory structure of the eye?

eyebrow

The outmost layer of the eye is called the ______ tunic.

fibrous

The retina is the ______ layer of the eye wall.

internal

What structure is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior chambers?

iris

Tactile receptors are a type of ______.

mechanoreceptor

The fat surrounding the eye is called _____ fat.

orbital

The iris controls the size of the ______.

pupil

The black hole in the eye is called the _____ and it is surrounded by the colorful _____ .

pupil; iris

Most of the eye is ______ the orbit of the skull.

receded into

The area that a receptor cell gathers information from is called the ______.

receptive field

What structure is the "white" of the eye?

sclera

Receptors for general senses are distributed throughout the ______ and viscera.

skin

Localization and sensitivity are easily determined in a ______ receptive field.

small

Which layer of the eye contains the blood and lymph vessels?

vascular tunic

Hearing and our sense of balance comes from the stimulation of which cranial nerve?

vestibulocochlear

What region of the eye contains the ciliary body?

B

Which cavity of the eyeball is divided into an anterior and posterior chamber?

anterior cavity

The auditory sensory axons of the _____ branch of cranial nerve number _____ terminate in the cochlear nucleus within the brainstem.

cochlear; VIII or 8

As we adjust to low light, our ______ becomes nonfunctional and it may take ______ for rhodopsin to become regenerated sufficiently so that you can see well in low-light conditions.

cone; 20-30 minutes

What type of photoreceptors detects color?

cones

The limbus is the junction between the sclera and the ______.

cornea

Olfaction is the sense of _____

smell

The term equilibrium refers to our awareness and monitoring of our _____ position.

head

Optic tracts ultimately are directed to the primary visual cortex in the ______ lobe.

occipital

We use the sense of _____ to sample our environment for information about the food we will eat, the presence of other individuals in the room, or potential danger.

olfaction or smell

The external ear is located mostly on the outside of the body, while the middle and inner ear areas are housed within the _____ part of the temporal bone.

petrous

What type of receptor can undergo adaptation?

phasic

If stimulated over a period of time, _____ receptors lose eventually sensitivity.

phasic or adapting

The apparent distortion of the spoon in the water glass is due to the phenomenon called _____

refraction

What structure makes up the posterior 5/6 of the fibrous tunic?

smell

Taste buds are found on the tongue and ______.

soft palate

Mechanoreceptors located in the skin and mucous membranes are called ______ receptors.

tacticle

Gustation is the sense of _____

taste

Using the image of the eye, match the letter and structure.

A: eyelash B: lacrimnal caruncle C:media palpebral commissure D: eyeball

Match the letter to the photoreceptor or photoreceptor part.

A: rod B: cone C: cell body

Match the letter and the structure using the provided image of the spiral organ.

A: tectorial membrane B: stereocilia C: cochlear nerve D: basilar membrane

Pain is an example of a ______ sense.

general

The vestibulocochlear nerve transmits ______ information.

hearing and equilibrium

Where are photoreceptors located?

in the neutral layer of the retina

Olfactory receptors ______.

perceive odors

Some individuals experience pain in their left shoulder during a heart attack. This is an example of ______.

referred pain

What is the name of structure A in the picture of the spiral organ?

tectorial membrane


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