Lab Quiz 6 (Cellular Respiration)

Kreb's Cycle generates

2 ATP, 8 NADH and 2 FADH2

glycolysis leads to a net production of

2 molecules of ATP by phosphorylation and 2 molecules of NADH

Anaerobic respiration can yield as many as

20-30 ATP

Chemiosmosis powers the enzyme to generate over

30 ATP

the complete oxidation of pyruvate into CO2 and H2O via aerobic respiration can generate as many as

36-38 ATP

Metabolism of glucose via fermentation harvests about

5% of total potential energy

Fermentation helps cells conserve carbon atoms from glucose but does not generate any

ATP

Pyruvate is oxidized during the

Kreb's Cycle

since prokaryotic cells do not have mitochondria,

all catabolism of pyruvate takes place in the cytoplasm

fermentation is a partial oxidation process that is

anaerobic

Organisms that can't utilize oxygen as a final electron acceptor rely on

anaerobic cellular respiration

Alcohol fermentation by yeast is used in the production of

beer, wine and other alcoholic beverages. and makes bread rise

The process by which organisms chemically oxidize organic compounds as a means of generating energy-rich ATP

cellular respiration

The flow of H+ ions through ATP synthase is known as

chemiosmosis

Species that lack a functional ETC have

difficulty generating ATP

After Krebs cycle, NADH and FADH2 are donated to the ____ ____ ___ within the inner mitochondrial membrane

electron transport chain

As electrons are passed through ETC,

energy is released to make an H+ concentration gradient

three different sets of peas used

germinating, dry, glass beads

all macromolecules can be broken down into ATP, but usually _____________ is used as a model

glucose

the conversion into pyruvic acid is commonly known as

glycolysis

ATP molecules made in cellular respiration are used for

growth, movement and active transport

Many species cannot utilize oxygen as a final electron accepter due to lack of

oxygen available, enzymes needed to inactivate free radicals, certain ETC proteins

when entering a cell, glucose is converted into two molecules of

pyruvic acid

pyruvate are either shuttled into the mitochondrial matrix to break down further, or

remain in the cytosol and go through fermentation

The device used in this lab is called a

respirometer

When electrons reach the end of the ETC

they are accepted by the oxygen and create water

ATP synthase allows the H+ ions to

diffuse back down their concentration gradient

In anaerobic pathways, instead of moving along the ETC and being picked up by oxygen, electrons are

diverted along the ETC and picked up by acceptors like NO3-

Species that lack a functional ETC's pyruvate are partially oxidized and converted into

lactic acid, ethanol, acetate through fermentation

Less electron movement causes

less H+ ion transport, and less ATP production

lactic acid fermentation by bacteria is used when making

milk, yogurt, cheese pickles

the breakdown of glucose into ATP is commonly modeled because it's enzymatic reactions are well understood and

occur in most organisms