Law & Ethics Chapter 2
Institutional Review Boards
groups of experts convened to review proposed research activities at an institution with the focus of protecting the rights and welfare of human subjects recruited to participate in those research activities
bioethics
the study of the ethical and moral implications of new biological discoveries and advances is called ____
bioethics
the study of the ethical and moral implications of new biological discoveries and biomedical advances
to swear (an oath)
the word profession derives from a Latin word that means _____
beneficence
which of the following concepts directs a medical practitioner to act in the best interest of the patient and provide skilled assistance to others
they are modified to address developments in professional practice and community standards.
which of the following statements about codes of professional ethics is true
true
earning credentials usually involves learning a code of ethics
the AMA's first code of ethics
Thomas Percival's book Medical Ethics was a basis for _____ .
profession
a calling that requires specialized training and membership in a group that establishes and enforces codes of conduct or codes of ethics, including requirements for continuing education and payment of periodic membership fees
medical ethics committee
a group of knowledgeable healthcare-related experts who are convened to provide advice and assistance in resolving unusual, complicated ethical problems that involve issues affecting the care and treatment of patients
they can be overruled by codes of conduct
all the following statements about state laws are true except ____
autonomy
an individual's right to self-determination that is free from undue interference from others
Hippocratic Oath
an oath attributed to the ancient Greek known as Hippocrates that requires a new physician to swear upon a number of healing gods that he will uphold a number of professional ethical standards; strongly binds the student to his teacher and the greater community of physicians
all of the above
ancient chinese medical writings called for physicians to practice with _____ . - humility - compassion - concern for a patient's well-being - all of the above
establishing ethical rules
medical ethics committees perform all of the following duties except ____.
true
social and political conflict can lead to new ethical standards
false
the Hippocratic Oath has remained the same over several centuries
beneficence
the act of performing goodness, kindness, or charity, including all actions intended to benefit others based on a moral obligation to do so
non-malfeasance
the concept of ____ dictates that a medical practitioner must do no harm to a patient
autonomy
the concept of ____ means an individual's right to self-determination that is free from undue interference from others
justice
the ethical principle of ____ concerns the allocation of scarce health resources and decisions involving who gets what treatment
determining the facts
the first step in ethical decision-making is ____ .
Hippocratic Oath
the instruction to "first do no harm" first appeared in the ____
non-malfeasance
the principle that requires a practitioner to do no harm to a patient by not performing up to professional standards such as through ineffective, careless, or intentional wrongful acts
justice
the principle that requires giving others what is due to them, including the fair distribution of benefits, risks, and costs
