Law & Ethics Chapter 2

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Institutional Review Boards

groups of experts convened to review proposed research activities at an institution with the focus of protecting the rights and welfare of human subjects recruited to participate in those research activities

bioethics

the study of the ethical and moral implications of new biological discoveries and advances is called ____

bioethics

the study of the ethical and moral implications of new biological discoveries and biomedical advances

to swear (an oath)

the word profession derives from a Latin word that means _____

beneficence

which of the following concepts directs a medical practitioner to act in the best interest of the patient and provide skilled assistance to others

they are modified to address developments in professional practice and community standards.

which of the following statements about codes of professional ethics is true

true

earning credentials usually involves learning a code of ethics

the AMA's first code of ethics

Thomas Percival's book Medical Ethics was a basis for _____ .

profession

a calling that requires specialized training and membership in a group that establishes and enforces codes of conduct or codes of ethics, including requirements for continuing education and payment of periodic membership fees

medical ethics committee

a group of knowledgeable healthcare-related experts who are convened to provide advice and assistance in resolving unusual, complicated ethical problems that involve issues affecting the care and treatment of patients

they can be overruled by codes of conduct

all the following statements about state laws are true except ____

autonomy

an individual's right to self-determination that is free from undue interference from others

Hippocratic Oath

an oath attributed to the ancient Greek known as Hippocrates that requires a new physician to swear upon a number of healing gods that he will uphold a number of professional ethical standards; strongly binds the student to his teacher and the greater community of physicians

all of the above

ancient chinese medical writings called for physicians to practice with _____ . - humility - compassion - concern for a patient's well-being - all of the above

establishing ethical rules

medical ethics committees perform all of the following duties except ____.

true

social and political conflict can lead to new ethical standards

false

the Hippocratic Oath has remained the same over several centuries

beneficence

the act of performing goodness, kindness, or charity, including all actions intended to benefit others based on a moral obligation to do so

non-malfeasance

the concept of ____ dictates that a medical practitioner must do no harm to a patient

autonomy

the concept of ____ means an individual's right to self-determination that is free from undue interference from others

justice

the ethical principle of ____ concerns the allocation of scarce health resources and decisions involving who gets what treatment

determining the facts

the first step in ethical decision-making is ____ .

Hippocratic Oath

the instruction to "first do no harm" first appeared in the ____

non-malfeasance

the principle that requires a practitioner to do no harm to a patient by not performing up to professional standards such as through ineffective, careless, or intentional wrongful acts

justice

the principle that requires giving others what is due to them, including the fair distribution of benefits, risks, and costs


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