(Learning Curve 11 a) Body Development; Cognitive Development Psy 200 chapter 11
The term often used to label a person between the ages of 18 and 25 is:
"emerging adult."
The period of emerging adulthood occurs between the ages of:
18 to 25.
Which individual is engaging in a risky behavior that is beneficial?
22-year-old Wanda, who is going to the Arctic to film a documentary about polar bears
Which individual is involved in risky behavior that is the MOST likely to be self-destructive?
23-year-old Deborah, who picks up a new sex partner every weekend
Who is demonstrating cognitive flexibility?
Amir, whose views about developmentally disabled people improve after he volunteers at the Special Olympics
According to Perry's scheme of cognitive and ethical development, who is at position 7?
Audrina, who has just made her first commitment
Statistically, who is LEAST likely to binge on alcohol?
Carlos, who is a 40-year-old engineer
_ allows people to recognize their underlying emotional biases and then to change their behavior to be more in line with their rational thoughts.
Cognitive flexibility
If the person is typical, who would have the STRONGEST sexual-reproductive system?
Dante, who is 24 years old
_____ thinking entails the ability to combine contradictory elements into a comprehensive whole.
Dialectical
Which statement about drug use is FALSE?
Emerging adults who are not in college are less likely to abuse drugs than those who are in college.
Who is demonstrating a lack of cognitive flexibility?
Haifa, who refuses to believe that hearing-impaired people can be good drivers, even when shown statistical evidence
_____ requires an immediate response from the body systems; _____ is a dynamic body adjustment over time that affects overall physiology.
Homeostasis; allostasis
Which statement about drug use is TRUE?
Illegal drug use peaks at about age 20.
Who would be MOST likely to have an STI?
Jade, who recently moved out of her boyfriend's apartment and has a new boyfriend with whom she is having sex
Who would be considered an emerging adult?
Mackenzie, a 23-year-old college senior
What is the current trend for college students?
More of today's students are female, non-European, and older than 24.
Which statement reflects the change in the campus scene in the United States over the past 20 years?
More students go part time.
Which individual BEST represents today's typical college student?
Nigel, who wants to major in business because he hopes to land a good job
Who is NOT likely to experience stereotype threat?
Roberta, who is European American in a psychology class in which European Americans are a majority.
According to Perry's scheme of cognitive and ethical development, who is at position 9?
Steven, who understands that, although he holds certain values, life is tentative and those values may change
Which statement about college campuses is TRUE?
The increased diversity of the student body leads to increased intellectual challenge and deeper thought.
Which statement about today's college students is FALSE?
They are better postformal thinkers compared to college students of 20 years ago.
Which statement about today's college students is TRUE?
They attend college to obtain job skills that will earn good money.
Drug _____ occurs when a person uses a drug that is harmful to his or her physical, cognitive, or psychosocial well-being.
abuse
With respect to thought, analytic is to symbolic as _____ is to _____.
adolescence; childhood
Christian is 48 years old and extremely obese. Recently, his physician informed him that he has developed type 2 diabetes and will need to start giving himself insulin injections. Christian's development of diabetes is due to the physiological adjustment called:
allostasis.
Melissa, 45, is obese and never exercises. One day she is late to work and the elevator is down for maintenance. She tries to run up four flights of steps and has a heart attack. Her cardiac physician told her that her years of obesity and inactivity put increasing pressure on the _____ system. The "new" stress of running up the steps caused her heart attack.
allostatic
Which phrase BEST expresses the proportion of parents who expect their children to go to college?
almost all
Compared with a young woman growing up in the 1950s, a 21-year-old woman today does NOT feel as much pressure to:
bear children.
Despite the statistical evidence from his insurance company, Brian refuses to believe that women cause fewer automobile accidents than men. Brian demonstrates a lack of:
cognitive flexibility.
According to the research on the stereotype threat, to remove the stereotype threat from minority students in an academic situation, the school's administration must:
convince minority students that intellectual and academic ability can be improved with hard work.
In Perry's scheme of cognitive and ethical development during college, the sixth position is the one in which students:
discover that they will have to make decisions for themselves.
Quintan is a 22-year-old African American male college student. He knows that African American males are only half as likely to earn a college degree as African American females. He is struggling academically. He is likely to:
disengage academically.
Grace is a 19-year-old college sophomore. She is living away from home for the first time and is trying to decide on a major. Grace is in a phase of life that many developmental psychologists call _____ adulthood.
emerging
Impulsive _____ are the people most likely to engage in high-risk behavior.
emerging-adult males
Caleb is a senior in college. He believes that everything is relative, but not equally valid. Caleb is at Perry's _____ position.
fifth
Maxine believes that everything is relative but not equally valid; everything has to be understood within a context. Maxine is at the _____ position in Perry's scheme of cognitive and ethical development.
fifth
Todd is 26 years old. Todd's cognition is probably more practical, more _____, more likely to coordinate intuitive and analytic thought than when Todd was an adolescent.
flexible
Scott is a senior in college. He believes that students have the right to their own opinion and those in the position of authority do not always know the right answers. Scott is at Perry's _____ position.
fourth
According to Perry, a college student's thinking progresses:
from a simplistic right or wrong to a relativism that recognizes multiple perspectives.
When people exercise, their muscles require more oxygen, so their heart rate and breathing speeds up to bring in more oxygen to the bloodstream. This process is an example of:
homeostasis.
Drug abuse and extreme sports are similar in that they both involve:
impulsive behavior.
Postformal thought is NOT characterized by:
impulsivity.
Darrin is a 28-year-old male. When he thinks about things, he is more likely to be practical, flexible, and able to coordinate _____ and _____ thought than he was three years ago.
intuitive; analytic
Drug abuse:
is harmful physically.
Karen wants to learn specific skills in order to secure a good job. It is likely that she:
is in college.
Timor is a college freshman. If he is typical, he MOST likely has the goal of:
learning specific career skills to secure a good job.
Today, changes in college majors include:
more students in business.
Worldwide, women now make up _____ of the college-student population.
more than one-half
In today's society, work, marriage, and parenting:
occur later than they did in the past.
Rachel is 49 years old. During her yearly physical, she was told that her heart and lungs are losing capacity as a natural part of the aging process. Rachel replied that she did not notice any change and that she felt as she did when she was 25. Rachel's inability to notice any change in her breathing and heart can be attributed to:
organ reserve.
The idea of post-formal thought was originated by:
other developmentalists who believed Piaget's fourth stage did not adequately describe adult thought.
The idea of postformal thought was originated by:
other developmentalists who believed Piaget's fourth stage did not adequately describe adult thought.
Rory is 25 and has had many friends from various cultural backgrounds throughout his life. This means that Rory is likely to show advances in _____ thinking.
post formal
Students who had friends from various cultural backgrounds are MOST likely to show advances in:
post formal thinking.
Diversity in college allows for students to make friends from more ethnicities, which helps them grow into _____ thinkers.
postformal
Ken is able to think about contradictory elements and combine them into a comprehensive whole. The stage of cognitive development that enables him to do this is called _____ thought.
postformal
Research indicates that adult cognition benefits from the experiences beyond home and neighborhood that typically occur during emerging adulthood. These experiences MOST likely encourage advances in _____ thinking.
postformal
Thinking in adulthood is distinguished from earlier thinking in that it is:
practical, flexible, and imaginative.
During emerging adulthood, death from disease occurs:
rarely.
Edwin, who is European American, has no friends or acquaintances from a different ethnic group, nor has he made any effort to expand his friendships. Yet Edwin stresses the importance of making his workplace more diverse. By voicing his concern about workplace diversity, Edwin is demonstrating:
rational tolerance.
Thinking in adulthood is each of the following EXCEPT:
rigid.
Warren has come to the realization that only he can make important decisions about his life and cannot assume that someone else can make the decision for him. Warren is in Perry's _____ position.
sixth
Research has shown that white men do more poorly in math if they think they will be negatively compared with Asian men, and they do more poorly in sports if they think they will be compared with African American men. These findings reflect the phenomenon of
stereotype threat.
Research has shown that white men do more poorly in math if they think they will be negatively compared with Asian men, and they do more poorly in sports if they think they will be compared with African American men. These findings reflect the phenomenon of:
stereotype threat.
The worry that others will make generalizations about you based on your appearance or behavior is called:
stereotype threat.
Which sequences BEST represents the development of thought from childhood, through adolescence, to early adulthood?
symbolic, analytic,dialectic
Stereotype threat is:
the worry that people will make generalizations about you based on your appearance or behavior.
Taylor, who is European American, believes that she has no bias against African Americans. However, when Taylor's developmental psychology professor gives her class an assignment in which they must work with two other students to complete a project, she ignores two African American students who sit near her and asks two European American students who sit two rows away. When a friend of her points this out, she is surprised by her behavior. Taylor's surprise is due to the lack of recognition of her:
unconscious
When it comes to sexually transmitted infections, _____ are the main STI vectors and _____ are the main victims.
young adults; young adults