(LearningCurve 11b) Becoming Your Own Person- psy 200 - chapter 11

Concerning the life span, which statement is MOST accurate?

Both continuity and change characterize life from adolescence through late adulthood.

Erikson believes there are _____ stages of development.

eight

If Kelley, 27, is typical of young adults today, she has had about how many jobs since she was 18?

9

With respect to the virtues developed during the successful resolution of Erikson's psychosocial stages, industry versus inferiority is to intimacy versus isolation as _____ is to _____.

competence; love

As an emerging adult struggles to find and adopt a suitable identity, he or she is LEAST likely to have difficulty:

developing a sense of competence.

It was once thought that technology would lead to _____, but instead it has helped emerging adults _____ friends and family.

isolation; connect with

Which statement about personality is FALSE?

It remains static throughout life.

Who is NOT pondering an arena of identity?

Izak, who believes that living at home will help him focus on his studies during college

Who is in Erik Erikson's fifth stage of development?

Mateo, who is uncertain about what he values and who he is ethnically and religiously

According to Erik Erikson, in order for the developmental stage intimacy versus isolation to be resolved successfully one must make personal sacrifice in order to reach intimacy. What does this mean?

One must be willing to be vulnerable and open with another person.

According to the U.S census, emerging adults will hold, on average, eight or nine jobs. College-educated individuals change jobs much more often than their non-college-educated peers. This statistic reflects:

a search for vocational identity.

The fifth of Erik Erikson's eight stages of development (identity versus role confusion) begins in _____ and is completed during ____

adolescence; emerging adulthood

Maria graduated from college last year with a degree in biology. Maria was initially confident that she would find the job she desired, but she has struggled to find work in her field. She has worked as a waitress since graduating, and this is causing her to question her abilities. Unlike the studies on well-being and self-esteem in emerging adults cited in the text, Maria has decreased self-esteem, which may be due to the cohort effects of:

an economic recession.

Choice overload may:

caues people to overthink their choice

In a(n) _____ relationship, a couple lives together, then breaks up, then comes back together.

churning

According to the text, an arrangement in which a couple lives together in a committed romantic relationship, but are not formally married is referred to as:

cohabitation.

Carmen and Vera have been living together for over a year. They have a committed romantic relationship, but are not married. Carmen and Vera's living arrangement is called:

cohabitation.

Another term for intimacy is:

communion.

With respect to self-esteem, studies have found that emerging adults:

developed increased self-esteem over the college years.

In Erikson's eight stages of psychosocial development, what is the positive outcome of the fifth stage (identity versus role confusion)?

development of awareness of a unique self

Jack, who is 15, can expect to complete Erikson's fifth stage of identity versus role confusion:

during adulthood.

Moratorium is considered more mature than diffusion because:

during moratorium, emerging adults still have responsibilities.

The average U.S. worker is MOST likely to hold about _____ jobs between the ages of 18 and 25.

eight

What is the BIGGEST problem with matchmaking online?

experiencing choice overload

When emerging adults were asked to rate what was MOST important for a successful marriage, they ranked _____ as the most important of all.

faithfulness

With respect to the virtues developed during the successful resolution of Erikson's psychosocial stages, identity versus role confusion is to _____ as _____ is to care.

fidelity; generativity versus stagnation

Jada is 21-years-old and is trying to discover a profession in which she would be fulfilled. Jada is confused about her ethnic identity because her mother is African American and her father is European American. According to Erik Erikson, Jada is trying to resolve the _____ stage.

fifth

Evidence for the plasticity of personality includes all of the following EXCEPT:

focusing on oneself and caring less about others.

All of the following are examples of moratoria EXCEPT:

getting married and starting a family.

Internet use:

helps emerging adults maintain strong friendships.

Ryan and Catherine are both first-year college students who do not know each other. They happened to meet at a party one night and ended up having sex. This would be referred to as:

hooking up.

During the trust-versus-mistrust stage of development, the virtue is _____ and the pathology is withdrawal.

hope

Erikson's fifth stage of psychosocial development is called _____ versus role confusion.

identity

Erikson's fifth stage of psychosocial development is called:

identity versus role confusion.

Malik, who is 20, is trying to figure out his political, ethnic, and religious beliefs as well as where he fits into the world. Malik is in Erikson's fifth stage of development called:

identity versus role confusion.

The many stresses and transitions of emerging adulthood seem to _____ self-esteem.

increase

Caitlin is 25 and has dealt with the many transitions that emerging adults face (e.g., going to college, finding a job). If she is like most emerging adults, these transitions have:

increased her self-esteem.

In general, the stress of life transitions in emerging adulthood causes people to experience:

increased self-esteem.

n general, emerging adults experience:

increasing self-esteem.

Erikson's sixth stage of psychosocial development is called _____ versus isolation.

intimacy

Chen, 22, has had a series of unsuccessful romantic relationships. In each relationship, when his partner begins to ask about his past experiences, his feelings about aspects of the relationship, and his thoughts about himself, he begins to pull away through passive-aggressive withdrawal. According to Erikson, this is an example of self-protection that will lead to:

isolation.

The fifth of Erik Erikson's eight stages of development (identity versus role confusion) begins in adolescence and, unlike in the past, is now completed:

later during adulthood.

Macy's parents announced to her and her 2 siblings that they are getting a divorce after 32 years of marriage. Macy is 23, and her siblings are also adults. All are devastated and confused. For example, Macy does not know which parent she should come home to after she graduates this spring. This situation is an example of how the _____ of family members affect each other.

linked lives

A term that describes how family members tend to be affected by all aspects of one another's lives is:

linked lives.

Studies in the text suggest that the reason emerging adults who move away to college tend to develop strong self-esteem and happiness is because they:

make more of their own decisions.

Laurie's parents notice when she comes home from college after completing her first year that she is happier and has better self-esteem. Research cited in the text suggests that the reason for this is due to:

making her own decisions.

A mature response to identity crisis in emerging adulthood is:

moratorium.

Aaliyah has decided that, instead of going to college, she would like to join the military and serve her country. She is demonstrating an example of:

moratorium.

Going on a religious mission is an example of:

moratorium.

Joining the military is an example of:

moratorium.

Josh is attending college and postponing marriage and parenthood. This is an example of:

moratorium.

Postponing identity achievement while exploring possibilities is called:

moratorium.

Longitudinal studies found that 17-year-olds who saw life in positive terms maintained that outlook into the future. Their more-negative peers:

often changed for the better as they grew older.

A longitudinal study found that 17-year-olds who saw life in positive terms maintained their outlook as time went on, while those who had a negative attitude:

often changed for the better.

Emerging adulthood is a time for the acquisition of the resources needed for lifelong family and career success; such resources do NOT include:

parental approval.

Emerging adults value qualities such as _____ in potential partners, while parents value qualities such as _____.

physical appearance; religion

Shawn, 24, is a typical emerging adult who has experienced many transitions, such as leaving home, moving to a new city, and finding a job. Research has shown that these experiences are likely to lead to:

positive changes in his personality.

Dane is 23 and, like many emerging adults today, he is:

postponing marriage.

A commonality among intimate relationships is that they:

progress from attraction to close connection to ongoing commitment.

Based on the study of 14,121 Western adults cited in the text, which factor is considered the LEAST important for marriage in emerging adults?

race or ethnicity

Mishka is struggling with her identity and tends to have negative opinions about values, lifestyle, and friendships. Which pathology is she MOST likely to display based on Erikson's theory?

repudiation

Gregg is 23, still in college, and single. He probably:

sees his relationship with his parents as important.

Melanie finds that as she develops intimate relationships, her understanding, experiences, and resources grow larger. She is experiencing:

self-expansion.

According to Erikson, each relationship demands personal sacrifice such as vulnerability. This shatters isolation, which is caused by too much:

self-protection.

Twenty-year-old Derek has had a series of unsuccessful romantic relationships. In each relationship, when his partner begins to ask about his past experiences, his feelings about aspects of the relationship, and his thoughts about himself, he begins a passive-aggressive withdrawal. According to Erikson, this is an example of _____ that will lead to ___

self-protection; isolation

Longitudinal studies found that 17-year-olds who saw life in negative terms improved their outlook into the future while their more-positive peers:

tended to maintain their optimistic outlook.

A reason for cohabitating is to:

test compatibility before marriage.

One reason for emerging adults' development of increased self-esteem and a more positive outlook is due to:

the ability to make more of their own decisions.

Self-expansion refers to:

the enlarging of understanding, experiences, and resources that results when one has intimate friendships.

In many nations, parents arrange marriages for their children. This reflects:

the influence of culture on love and marriage.

Today's college student who attends school away from home is not as likely to feel lonely and isolated as in the past due to:

video chatting, emailing, and texting.

The desire for physical intimacy without emotional commitment is STRONGEST in:

young men.