Lecture 10; Cells

The object depicted in the figure below. A. is a bacterial cell B. could be either a plant or an animal cell C. is a plant cell D. is an animal cell E. is a ribosome

D

The organelle in the figure is found in ________. A. animals only B. plants only C. plants, animals and bacteria D. plants and animals E. bacteria only

D

The lysosome in a human cell contains approximately ______ type(s) of digestive enzymes A. 1 B. 500 C. 10 D. 4 E. 50

50

Seventy to 90 percent of the genetic material in a gamete made in your body could be inherited from your mother. How could this be? A You receive many mitochondria, which have their own genome, from your mother, but not from your father B. Your maternal genes kill off your paternal genes at a greater rate than your paternal genes kill off your maternal genes C. The X chromosome is substantially larger than the Y chromosomes D. You receive maternal genes through the placenta and through breast milk E. The above statement is incorrect. Fifty percent of the genetic material in your gametes comes from your father

A

What is the main function of the nucleolus? A. It is the site of ribosome-subunit synthesis B. It produces cell adhesion proteins that are then exported to the cell membrane C. It is the site of photosynthesis in photosynthetic cells D. It produces enzymes that are then exported to the lysosomes E. Its function is not yet known

A

Where are cell membrane components synthesized? A. endoplasmic reticulum B. lysosomes C. Golgi apparatus D. vesicles E. nuculeus

A

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plant vacuole? A. photosynthesis B. predator deterrence C. physical support D. waste management E. nutrient storage

A

Which of the following organelles is responsible for degrading waste within the cell? A. lysosome B. ribosome C. chloroplast D. endoplasmic reticulum E. Golgi apparatus

A

In which organelle are lipids synthesized and modified within the eukaryotic cell? A. the Golgi apparatus B. the smooth endoplasmic reticulum C. the lysosome D. the vesicle E. the rough endoplasmic reticulum

B

Vesicles ___________. A. fuse with the nucleus membrane to deliver important enzymes, such as polymerase B. bud off from the endoplasmic reticulum C. deposit their protein cargo in an arbitrary fashion throughout the cell D. return to the Golgi apparatus after they have delivered their proteins to be reused E. Both B & D are correct

B

What cell type in animals has a flagellum? A. the hair follicle B. the sperm cell C. the ovum D. liver cells E. kidney cells

B

What makes the rough endoplasmic reticulum rough? A. It has a high density of receptor proteins in its membrane B. It is covered in ribosomes C. It is covered with tiny flagella D. Its surface is highly folded to increase surface area E. It is covered with cilia

B

Which of the following cellular components contains hydrolytic enzymes associated with the digestion of macromolecules A. peroxisomes B. lysosomes C. centrioles D. ribosomes E. None of the above is correct

B

Which of the following facts supports the claim that mitochondria developed from bacteria that were long ago phagocytosed into eukaryotic cells? A. Mitochondria have proteins for the synthesis of ATP B. Mitochondria have their own DNA C. Mitochondria are the "powerhouses" of the cell D. Mitochondria have flagella for motion E. Mitochondria are small and easily transported across the membrane

B

A unique characteristic of mitochondria is that they are inherited from the female parent only. Select the correct explanation for this phenomenon from the choices below. A. Mitochondria are found in both the female's egg cells and themale's sperm cells, but the sperm exhaust their mitochondria during their swim up the female's fallopian tubes and are not viable upon fertilization B. Mitochondria are found in both the female's egg cells and themale's sperm cells, but after fertilization, the female's mitochondria outcompete the male's mitochondria, which then die off C. The male's sperm cells have mitochondria, but because the sperm contributes DNA but not cytoplasm, no mitochondria are passed to the egg at fertilization D. Mitochondria are only found in the female's egg cells and do not occur in the male's sperm cells E. Mitochondria are found in both the female's egg cells and themale's sperm cells, but the mitochondria from the male's sperm cells cannot replicate during the early mitotic divisions in the embryo

C

Nuclear ____ are specialized holes in the ____-layer nuclear envelope that separates the nucleus from the _______. A. pores; one; endoplasmic reticulum B. passageways; one; cytoplasm C. pores; two; cytoplasm D. vesicles; three; endoplasmic reticulum E. vesicles; two; cytoplasm

C

Which of the following cell membrane components are present in plant cells but absent in animal cells? A. phospholipids B. gap junctions C. plasmodesmata D. proteins E. carbohydrates

C

Which of the following is the outermost feature on the surface of a plant cell? A. lipid bilayer B. cholesterol C. cell wall D. glycoproteins E. sugar molecules

C

Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is FALSE? A. It is responsible for some cellular movement B. It is a three-dimensional structure that fills the cytoplasm C. It is made from proteins that act as a scaffolding D. It is present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells E. All of the above are false

D

Which one of the following organelles is NOT found in both plant and animal cells? A. mitochondrion B. nucleus C. smooth endoplasmic reticulum D. central vacuole E. peroxisome

D

The cell connections represented in the figure are _________. A. lysosomes B. tight junctions C. plasmodesmata D. gap junctions E. desmosomes

E

The largest structure in a eukaryotic cell is the ____ and it is surrounded by _____ membranes. A. mitochondria; two B. nucleus; one C. mitochondria; one D. Golgi apparatus; one E. nucleus; two

E

Which of the following is NOT a way in which the cell's surface membrane interacts with the exterior environment? A. The cellular surface mediates attachments to other cell B. The cellular surface receives and transmits incoming messages C. The cellular surface mediates interactions with extracellular material D. The cellular surface controls which substances enter and leave the cell E. The cellular surface organizes the interior organelle organization of the cell

E

Which of the following is an important difference between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? A. The rough ER is the site of much protein folding and packing, while the smooth ER is the site of lipid synthesis B. The rough ER is studded with chloroplasts, while the smooth ER is not C. The rough ER is covered in ribosomes while the smooth ER is not D. The smooth ER is the site of protein synthesis, folding, and packing, while the rough ER is the site of lipid synthesis E. Bot A. and C. are correct

E