Lesson 10: Theatre Around the World
Krishna
Hindu deity that is the incarnation of the preserver god, Vishnu; the story of Krishna is portrayed in several ancient Indian dramas such as the "Mahabharata" and the "Krishnanatta"; often portrayed in various Hindu philosophical and theological works as a god-child, divine hero, or model lover
Which of the following are characteristics of Turkish Ortaoyunu theatre?
Improvised by actors in front of a live audience Conducted on a circular stage without a written script Actors remain onstage throughout the entire play
Noh Stage: Shite (Center); Waki (front right); Chorus (right); Hayashi (rear center); and two stage hands (rear left)
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Two forms of popular shadow puppets found in China include:
-Cantonese (southern China)—Large, colorful puppets, made from thick pieces of leather -Pekingese (northern China)—Smaller, brightly colored puppets, made from thin pieces of leather
Which of the following are celebrated Spanish playwrights and authors?
-Miguel de Cervantes -Federico García Lorca
Which of the following are characteristics of Noh theatre?
-Pantomime -Chanting -Dance -Music
Bunraku involves three types of performers, including:
-Puppeteer—operates the movement of a puppet's legs, feet, hands, arms, head, eyes, and mouth -Chanter—narrates the story and provides the voice for each character -Shamisen player—provides the background music and usually the leader of Bunraku plays
The performance of Noh drama is highly stylized with the characters wearing masks and elaborate costumes that are rich in symbolism. There are four major categories of performers in Noh drama, including:
-Shite—the protagonist, the protagonist companion, stage hands, and the chorus -Waki—the antagonist to the Shite and his companion -Kyōgen—the performers of comic interludes between Noh plays -Hayashi—the musicians who provide musical accompaniment on the flute and various types of drums
According to the Natya Shastra, the most important factor in Indian drama is the actors. Scenery is not typically used in Indian drama. The actors are responsible for communicating everything to the audience through the use of: Body language—gestures, facial expressions, and sign language Dialogue—words spoken between musical acts Costume/makeup/jewelry—to portray the character's social status (caste), career, and hobbies Emotion—to demonstrate harmony, peace, and balance of mind
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Which of the following plays were also called "sacramental acts" and mostly religious in nature?
Autos sacramentales
Bharata Muni
Ancient Indian writer who claimed to have learned about drama from Brahma, the creator of drama
Avant-garde
Artist who displays experimental techniques or ideas in their work; non-traditional; daring; innovative
Beijing
Capital of China and one of the largest cities in the world; formerly known as Peking
Xian
Capital of Shaanxi province of Mainland China
Stylize
Characterized by an established form; conventional
What is the inspiration for MOST of the plots in Cantonese and Beijing opera?
Myths, legends, or history
Arte Oyunu
Name given by the Turks to the theatrical genre Commedia dell'Arte
EIGHT major rasas in Sanskirt drama
Sensuality Comedy Grief Fury Energy Fear Disgust Amazement
All the actors on a present-day Kabuki stage are male. Male actors perform even the roles of women; however, they are not imitating real women. Each play contains historical events, dance, and family values, as well as a variety of sentiments, such as love, desire, and anger.
Some of the characteristics of Kabuki include: -Colorful costumes -Wigs -Heavy makeup -Traditional Japanese music -Exaggerated acting
Folklore/Folktale
Stories that are passed down from one generation to another through oral tradition
Which Japanese work gave rise to the warrior plays of Noh theatre?
The Tale of Heike
According to the Natya Shastra, what are rasas?
The emotions, state of mind, or feelings aroused in the audience
Flamenco means eccentric or bizarre and reflects the style of dance in a flamenco performance.
false
In Kathakali, the story always revolves around the battle between good and evil—evil always wins.
false
In early African theatre, participants NEVER wore masks during rituals.
false
Traditional Chinese opera is very similar to western opera.
false
The beginning of African theatre is closely tied to which of the following?
religious rituals storytelling
In the beginning of the 20th century, South African theatre became a new platform to voice cultural, political, and social awareness.
true
Bursa
A major city in northwest Turkey
Shogun
A military dictator of Japan, a position that was inherited through generations from the time period of 1192-1867
Which of the following elements are characteristic of Chinese opera?
Acrobatics Acting Martial arts Singing
Bantu
African language spoken by approximately 150 million people in central, eastern, and southern Africa
Shinto
Considered more a way of life than a religion, the word "Shinto" means "way of the gods"; a philosophical study that centers around the spiritual essence of all things
Osiris
Egyptian god of the afterlife, the underworld, and the dead; usually depicted as a man with green skin, a pharaoh's beard, mummy wrapped legs, a tall royal headdress with ostrich feathers, and holding a crook staff in one hand and a flailing whip in the other hand
Characteristics of Kathakali include five theatrical elements:
Expression—emphasis on facial expressions Dance—emphasis on body movements Enactment—focus on hand gestures Song—vocal performance Instruments—accompaniment of musical instruments
Common themes found in Nigerian theatre include:
Folktale Farcical social satire Mythological events derived from traditional beliefs
Kyoto
Formerly the Imperial capital of Japan, it is a city in the central part of the island of Honshu, Japan
Karagöz is a traditional form of Turkish shadow puppet theatre that centers around which two main characters?
Karagöz and Hacivat
Orhan I
Ottoman Emperor during the 14th century
Prologue
Part of a play during which information is provided that sets the scene, introduces the characters, and provides an introduction to the conflict; exposition
Apartheid
Political system of racial segregation that was practiced in South Africa from 1948 to the early 1990s; discriminating practice that gave privilege and dominance to people of European descent
Teleplay
Productions made specifically for television with similar restrictions as a theatre production; these productions were broadcasted live
Ortaoyunu plays four main parts
Prologue Dialogue Play Ending
Shamisen
Three-stringed musical instrument from Japan
Martial Art
Traditional Chinese sport that teaches self-defense techniques
Farce
Type of comedy that uses elements of slapstick humor, stock characters, and far-fetched situations to create a humorous storyline
Satire
Type of comedy that uses ridicule, irony, and exaggeration to comically expose human weaknesses and problems in society
