Linux Operating System
In a file's mode, if a permission is unavailable, a(n) ____ character replaces its position in the mode.
-
Which character from the ls -l listing indicates the file is an ordinary file?
-
To view a list of files and their type, use the ____ switch to the ls command.
-F
Experienced and security-conscious system administrators always use the ____ option with the command ls to get an extensive file list, which allows them to detect any incorrect file permissions immediately.
-l
What is the symbolic mode string representation of for the octal value 321?
-wx-w---x
The current working directory is /home/dave/images. Which of the following is a relative pathname for file (1)?
../../fred/p1.c
The current working directory is /home/dave/images. Which of the following is a relative pathname for file (2)?
../class/p1.c
The current working directory is /home/fred. Which of the following is a relative pathname for image directory (3)?
../dave/images
____ can be used to display files.
/bin/cat
The Bourne shell is ____.
/bin/sh
In the FHS, the ____ directory contains the Linux kernel and files used by the boot loader.
/boot
Data redirected to ____ is automatically discarded.
/dev/null
Based on the file tree in the graphic, what is the absolute pathname of the file represented by (2)?
/home/dave/class/p1.c
Based on the file tree in the graphic, what is the absolute pathname of the directory represented by (3)?
/home/dave/images
Based on the file tree in the graphic, what is the absolute pathname of the file represented by (1)?
/home/fred/p1.c
In the FHS, the ____ directory is the root user's home directory.
/root
In the FHS, the ____ directory contains most system commands and utilities.
/usr
Release notes, white papers, and other helpful information are stored in the directory ____.
/usr/share/doc/
stdin is assigned the file descriptor number ____.
0
What is the octal representation of ---------?
000
stdout is assigned the file descriptor number ____.
1
Which of the following key combinations, commonly used in the vi editor command mode, displays current line statistics?
Ctrl+g
UNIX was rewritten in 1971 in the programming language ____.
C
In vi, you can return to command mode from insert mode with ____.
Esc
../../etc is an example of an absolute path.
False
Do symbolic links share the same inode and inode number?
False
Filenames can include up to 200 characters.
False
Is vim the Linux equivalent of vi?
False
It is acceptable to use shell metacharacters when naming files.
False
Pressing the Esc key at the prompt while using the more command displays a help screen.
False
The header of each manual page contains the command name at the left side only.
False
The home directory refers to the highest layer of the file system tree.
False
The rmdir command automatically removes a directory and all of its subdirectories and files.
False
When a user interacts with his computer, he interacts directly with the kernel of the computer's operating system.
False
When using the chmod command, if there is no character specifying the category of user to affect, only the group category is affected.
False
When working with files, the special metacharacter ".." specifies the current directory.
False
When you first open the vi editor, you are placed in edit mode.
False
In Linux, the root directory is represented by a \ character.
False, It is /
To create a subdirectory, you would use the makedir command.
False, You would use mkdir
The C programming language was developed by Dennis ____________________.
Ritchie
If the ____ bit is set, it lets a program run under the GID of the group the executable file belongs to.
SGID
If you type enough unique letters of a directory and press ____ key, the BASH shell will find the intended file or directory being specified and fill in the appropriate information.
Tab
One of the goals of UNIX was to enable a number of users to use the system simultaneously (____ capability).
multiuser
When using the less command, can you use the cursor keys on the keyboard to scroll up and down the contents of the file?
True
You can use the command touch to change the time stamp of a file or create a new file with a size of 0 bytes.
True
The base of any GUI on Linux is the ____.
X Window System
Can you have the files note and Note in the same directory?
Yes
Using wildcard metacharacters, how can one indicate a number is either 1, 2, 3, or 4?
[1-4]
The ____ command is used to search the manual pages by keyword.
apropos
The ____ key in the info command moves the cursor to the beginning of the current info page.
b
Which character from the ls -l listing indicates the file is a block special file?
b
Which character from the ls -l listing indicates the file is a character special file?
c
The command that displays the calendar for the current month is ____.
cal
To display the contents of a file called data, use the command ____.
cat data
____ can be used to move one directory level higher.
cd ..
Which character from the ls -l listing indicates the file is a named pipe?
p
You can change a user's password with the command ____.
passwd
In a file listing, the 9 characters following the file type (for example, -rwxr-xr-x) refer to the file's ____________________.
permissions or mode
What is the symbolic mode string representation of for the octal value 513?
r-x--x-wx
Zach has a directory named junk in his home directory (~), that is /home/zach/junk is a directory. When Zach issues the command ls -l junk, he gets $ ls -l junk ls: junk: Permission denied $
read
To copy a directory full of files in Linux, you must tell the cp command that the copy will be ____________________ (involve files and subdirectories too) by using the -R option
recursive
What is the symbolic mode string representation of for the octal value 640?
rw-r-----
What is the symbolic mode string representation of for the octal value 755?
rwxr-xr-x
To see a list of the environment variables and their current values on a system, you can use the ____ command.
set
To create a(n) ____________________ link, you use the -s option to the ln command.
symbolic
By default, the head and tail commands only show ____ lines.
ten
There are ____ kinds of device files.
two
You can use the command ____________________ variable to delete a shell variable.
unset
The ____________________ command only searches directories that are listed in a special variable called the PATH variable in the current BASH shell
which
The command ____ searches all paths listed in the variable PATH for the specified command and returns the full path of the command.
which
In Linux, the command ____________________ displays currently logged-in users.
who
Zach has a directory named junk in his home directory (~), that is /home/zach/junk is a directory. When Zach issues the command mkdir junk/stuff, he gets $ mkdir junk/stuff mkdir: cannot create directory `junk/stuff': Permission denied $
write
The ____ metacharacter can also be used to refer to the current user's home directory.
~
To move from the /home/joe/test/data to the /home/joe directory, use the ____ command.
cd ../..
To set all of the special permissions on a certain file or directory, you can use the command ____, where name is the name of the file or directory.
chmod 7777 name
Each user can change her standard shell with the command ____.
chsh
Which character from the ls -l listing indicates the file is a directory?
d
To print the current date and time, type the command ____________________.
date
In vi, ____ deletes the line the cursor is in and copies it to the buffer.
dd
To display the value of a shell or environment variable, enter: ____________________ $variable.
echo
The ____ command could be used to view the contents of the environment variable that represents the BASH shell prompt.
echo $PS1
Zach has a directory named junk in his home directory (~), that is /home/zach/junk is a directory. When Zach issues the command cd junk, he gets $ $ cd junk -bash: cd: junk: Permission denied $
execute
Which Linux command gets you out of your current shell?
exit
Any command that can take standard input and transform it into standard output is called a(n) ____________________ command.
filter
The file .file.dat is an example of a(n) ____________________ file.
hidden
Info files can be read with the command ____________________.
info
The functions of the ____ include input and output control, device control, process management, and file management.
kernel
Which character from the ls -l listing indicates the file is a symbolic link?
l
To display manual pages on the screen, man uses the program ____________________.
less
To create a hard link, you must use the ____ command.
ln
The command ____ searches for a file through a database previously created for this purpose.
locate
Give the command to list the files section1, section3, ref1 and ref3 only using wildcards to express filenames with as few characters as possible:
ls *[13]
The ____ command can be used to provide a long listing for each file in a certain directory.
ls -l
Write the command that you can use to list all filenames that have at least four (4 or more) characters?
ls ????*
Give the command to list all files that begin with section using wildcards to express filenames with as few characters as possible:
ls section* or ls sec*
Give the command to list the files section1, section2, and section3 only using wildcards to express filenames with as few characters as possible:
ls section[123]
____ is an abbreviation of manual or man page.
man
To find all of the commands that have the word "list" in their name or description, you would type ____.
man -k list
The section of an inode that stores permissions is called the ____ of the file.
mode
The home directory of a user can be addressed via the short cut ____.
"~"
You can see the contents of a certain variable in memory by using the ____ metacharacter with the echo command.
$
stderr is assigned the file descriptor number ____.
2
How long can a Linux filename be on most modern systems?
255
Which symbol is used to save standard error messages into a file?
2>
What is the octal representation of rw-r--r--?
644
When using the chmod command, the mode rwx can be represented by the number ____.
7
____ ends vi without saving changes in the file.
:q!
Which symbol is used to redirect standard input from this file instead of the keyboard?
<
Which symbol is used to redirect standard output of this command into a file (overwriting the file if it exists)?
>
Which symbol is used to append output of this command into a file?
>>
The ____ stipulates that the source code of any software published under its license must be freely available.
GNU General Public License
Linus Torvalds made the source code of his Linux kernel available with the ____.
GPL
To find other sources of information, you can use a Web search site such as ____.
____________________ consists of the physical components inside a computer that are electrical in nature.
Hardware
HOWTO documents are centrally collected by the ____.
Linux Documentation Project
Because several users might also want to use several different programs simultaneously, mechanisms must be available to allow these programs to run simultaneously (____ capability).
Multitasking
The concept of ____ enables software developers to read other developers' source code, modify that source code to make the software better, and redistribute that source code to other developers who might improve it further.
Open Source Software
____ are specific letters that start with a dash ("-").
Options
The ____________________ environment variable contains a list of directories to search for executable programs.
PATH
When a user creates a file or directory, that user's name and ____________________ becomes the owner and group owner of the file, respectively.
Primary Group
Commands indicate the name of a program to execute and are case sensitive.
True
Files compressed with bzip2 are usually twenty to thirty percent smaller than the files compressed with gzip
True
Linux is merely one product of open source development.
True
Linux uses a logical directory tree to organize files into different folders.
True
Open Source Software (OSS) is freely developed and continuously improved by a large community of software developers.
True
The PATH variable lists directories that are searched for executable files if a relative or absolute pathname was not specified when executing a command on the command line.
True
The SGID allows regular users to execute a binary compiled program and become a member of the group that is attached to the file.
True
The execute permission for a file allows a user the ability to execute the file in memory (if it is a program file or a script).
True
The three characters following a period in a file name are referred to as the filename extension.
True
To display the line number of each line in a file, in addition to its contents, you can use the cat -n command.
True
To move files, you can use the mv command.
True
To view the size of a directory and its contents in Kilobytes, you can use the du command.
True
