LITE- FINALS
LEARNING REASONING SELF-CORRECTION
AI Cognitive Skills
refers to the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) to deliver services to citizens that can transform relations with clients, businesses, and other arms of Government.
E-GOVERNANCE
CHATBOTS SMART ASSITANTS E-COMMERCE SEARCH ENGINES MEDIA STREAMING SMART CARS NAVIGATION APPS FACIAL RECOGNITION TEXT EDITOR SOCIAL MEDIA FEEDS
EXAMPLES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Learning Reasoning Problem-solving Perception Language
COMPONENTS OF INTELLIGENCE
EXAMPLE OF EXPERT SYSTEMS
CaDet (Cancer Decision Support Tool) is used to identify cancer in its earliest stages. DENDRAL helps chemists identify unknown organic molecules. DXplain is a clinical support system that diagnoses various diseases. MYCIN identifies bacteria such as bacteremia and meningitis, and recommends antibiotics and dosages. PXDES determines the type and severity of lung cancer a person has. R1/XCON is an early manufacturing expert system that automatically selects and orders computer components based on customer specifications.
APPLICATION OF SPEECH
Call center transcription Clinical note taking Virtual assistants Media and marketing
⬡ Data Quality ⬡ Synchronization of Data Sources ⬡ Organizational Resistance ⬡ Accessibility to Big Data ⬡ Maintaining quality data. ⬡ Keeping data security. ⬡ Finding the right tools and platforms. ⬡ Lack of talent.
Challenges of Big Data Analytics
SUPERVISED Learning UNSUPERVISED Learning REINFORCEMENT Learning
MACHINE LEARNING CATEGORIES
RETAIL AND E-COMMERCE
banks and financial institutions have used data to give their customers better, faster, more convenient, and more intelligent banking services
SMART ASSISTANTS
capable of carrying out many of the same tasks as human assistants, such as reading text, taking dictation, making calls, etc.
SUPERVISED LEARNING
creating models that can learn from marked dataset to make predictions eg. spam filtering and face recognition
1971
creation of the National Computer Centre
SELF-CORRECTION
designed to continuously fine-tune algorithms and ensure that it provides the most accurate outcomes
SEARCH ENGINES
employ powerful artificial intelligence algorithms to decipher the meaning of search queries and provide the most accurate and relevant results
Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT)
founded on June 9, 2016, shall be the primary policy, planning, coordinating, implementing, and administrative entity of the Executive Branch of the government that will plan, develop and promote the national ICT development agenda. (RA 10844)
UNSUPERVISED Learning
given unlabeled dataset, the algorithm must find some way to learn without the guidance of humans eg. fraud transactions
NAVIGATION APPS
has features such as route optimization, GPS tracking, and real-time traffic alerts
SMART CARS
include industrial robots constructing a vehicle and autonomous cars navigating traffic with machine learning and vision
SPEECH
uses AI for voice-based technologies: automatic speech recognition (ASR), also known as speech-to-text (STT), and text-to- speech (TTS). Examples: automatic live captioning in virtual meetings; adding voice- based interfaces to virtual assistants
CHATBOTS
uses artificial intelligence to generate text or answer queries based on user input
REINFORCEMENT Learning
uses feedback data to improve the performance of a model eg. games like Chess and Go
Predictive Analytics
∙ It comprises predicting the occurrence of an event or the likely outcome of an event or forecasting the future values using prediction models ∙ It is done using predictive models which are trained by existing data. These models learn patterns and trends from the existing data and predict the occurrence of an event or the likely outcome of an event (classification models) or forecast numbers (regression models). ∙ What is likely to happen?
Prescriptive Analytics
∙ It multiple prediction models to predict various outcomes and the best course of action for each outcome. ∙ It can predict the possible outcomes based on the current choice of actions. ∙ It prescribes actions or the best option to follow from the available options. ∙ What can we do to make it happen?
John McCarthy in 1956
"the science and engineering of making intelligent machines"
⬡ To predict something ⬡ To find patterns in the data ⬡ Finding relationships in the data
(Data) Analytics: Goals
STANford Cart Stanford AILAboratory (1979)
*- was originally built to simulate a remote- controlled moon rover - had a 45 year career of ups and downs, including redesigning and configurations - In 1979, the cart successfully crossed a chair-filled room without human intervention in about five hours.
MACHINE LEARNING
- It is the science of getting computers to act without being explicitly programmed - Stanford University ∙ It is the concept that allows computers to learn and adapt automatically to the new data without being assisted by humans
Artificial Superintelligence (ASI)
- Surpasses human intelligence and can perform any task better than a human - include thinking, solving puzzles, making judgments, and decisions on its own
tesla autopilot tesla (2015)
- Tesla Version 7.0 software was released, enabling Autopilot as a feature for Model S drivers - a combination of adaptive cruise control and Autosteer, a lane centering function designed to keep Tesla vehicles within painted lane lines. - "Autopilot is not a self-driving system and that "the driver is still responsible for, and ultimately in control of, the car, " but it also reiterates that Tesla vehicles are equipped with hardware "to allow for the incremental introduction of self-driving technology."
MACHINE LEARNING
- a subset of AI - the science of programming machines to think and act like humans without being explicitly programmed to - aims to enable computers to learn automatically without human intervention and adjust actions - uses algorithms that can make predictions through pattern recognition
Alexa Amazon inc. (2014)
- a virtual assistant technology was first used in the Amazon Echo and Echo Dot, Echo Studio and Amazon Tap speakers - capable of voice interaction, music playback, making to-do lists, setting alarms, streaming podcasts, playing audiobooks, and providing weather, traffic, sports, and other real-time information, such as news - can also control several smart devices using itself as a home automation system.
DEEP BLUE InternationalBusiness Machines corporation (IBM)
- chess-playing expert system run on a unique purpose-built IBM supercomputer - development began in 1985 at Carnegie Mellon University - On May 11, 1997, it beat the world chess champion, Garry Kasparov, after a six- game match: two wins for IBM, one for the champion and three draws. The match lasted several days and received massive media coverage around the world. It was the classic plot line of man vs. machine.
ELIZA Joseph Weizenbaum (1965)
- considered to be the first chatterbot ("chatbot") - natural language processing (NLP) program - created from 1964- 1966 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) AI Laboratory - which aimed at tricking it users by making them believe that they were having a conversation with a real human being; it was designed to imitate a therapist who would ask open-ended questions and even respond with follow-ups
Artificial General intelligence (AGI)
- known as strong AI - can understand and learn any intellectual task that a human being can - allows a machine to apply knowledge and skills in different contexts
"ARTIFICIALINTELLIGENCE" John Mccarthy (1956)
- known as the Father of Artificial Intelligence - In the early 1950s, the study of "thinking machines" had various names like cybernetics, automata theory, and information processing. He wanted a new, neutral umbrella term that could collect and organize these disparate research efforts into a single field focused on developing machines that could simulate every aspect of intelligence.
Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)
- known as weak AI - designed and trained with a specific task in mind and cannot perform beyond its limitations - have a very limited or narrow range of competencies
ROOMBA iRobot(2002)
- mobile robot for vacuuming floors - a series of autonomous robotic vacuum cleaners which a have a set of sensors that enable them to navigate the floor area of a home - By 2004, a million Roombas had been sold.
ANALYTICS
- queen of sciences - machinery that mines, molds and mints
SIRI Apple Inc. (2011)
- spin-off from a project developed by the SRI International Artificial Intelligence Center - uses voice queries, gesture based control, focus-tracking and a natural-language user interface to answer questions, make recommendations, and perform actions used the voice of Susan Bennett in US, Jon Briggs in UK, while Karen Jacobsen in Australia - Siri means "beautiful woman who leads you to victory" in Norwegian and "secret" in Swahili.
Sophia hanson robotics(2016)
- the humanoid robot - has simulations of every major muscle in the human face, allowing her to generate expressions of joy, grief, curiosity, confusion, contemplation, sorrow, frustration, among other feelings. - In 2017, Sophia was given Saudi Arabian citizenship, becoming the first robot to receive citizenship of any country. One month later, Sophia was named the United Nations Development Program's first Innovation Champion.
SHAKEY Stanford Research institute (SRI-1969)
- the world's first mobile intelligent robot with cameras and touch sensors, controlled by a large remote computer - this early robot became an archetype from which subsequent robots were built and significantly influenced modern robotics and AI techniques - was funded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
EXPERT SYSTEMS
-a computer program that uses artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to simulate the judgment and behavior of a human or an organization that has expertise and experience in a particular field -relies on having a good knowledge base. Experts add information to the knowledge base, and nonexperts use the system to solve complex problems that would usually require a human expert.
COMPUTER VISION
-a field of artificial intelligence (AI) that enables computers and systems to derive meaningful information from digital images, videos and other visual inputs — and take actions or make recommendations based on that information. If AI enables computers to think, computer vision enables them to see, observe and understand.
DATA
. factual information (such as measurements or statistics) used as a basis for reasoning, discussion, or calculation ∙ information in digital form that can be transmitted or processed, information output by a sensing device or organ that includes both useful and irrelevant or redundant information and must be processed to be meaningful. . (in computing) information that has been translated into a form that is efficient for movement or processing
speech to text text to speech
2 types of speech
image recognition machine vision
2 types of vision
translation classification of clustering information extraction
3 TYPES OF NLP
planning,scheduling and optimisation
A system based on AI uses planning to determine 'what steps to take' (planning) and 'when to carry out a certain step' (scheduling) in order to achieve a goal. The common term given to an intelligent system that implements planning is 'agent'. The plan implemented by the agent enables it to search through each and every possible action or route to reach the set goal.
97 zettabytes.
According to Statista, HOW MUCH estimated volume of data created worldwide in 2022
PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS
As a subset of AI, predictive analytics is a statistics-based method that data analysts use to make assumptions and test records in order to predict the likelihood of a given future outcome. Analysts capture historical trends and apply these patterns to current data, then compute a specific value at a future point in time. AI is completely autonomous while predictive analytics relies on human interaction to query data, identify trends, and test assumptions.
APPLICATIONS OF PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS
Banking Healthcare Human Resources (HR) Marketing and Sales Supply Chain
⬡ Improvement of decision making. ⬡ More effective marketing. ⬡ Improvement of customer service. ⬡ Increased efficiency of operations.
Benefits of (Big) Data Analytics
2.5 quintillion bytes of data
HOW MANY data are created every day, based on the IBM estimate.
Data Analysis Data Cleaning /Data Wrangling Data Collection Data Processing
How Big Data Analytics Works
EXAMPLES OF COMPUTER VISION
Image classification Object detection Object tracking Content-based image retrieval
ALAN TURING (1950)
In a Turing test, the interrogator must determine which respondent is a computer and which is a human. originally called the imitation game; a test of a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behavior equivalent to, or indistinguishable from, that of a human. "Can machines think?"
descriptive analytics
It analyzes past data to present it in a summarized form that can be easily interpreted. ∙ What has happened? ∙ Included statistical functions ∙ counts, maximum, minimum, mean, top-N, percentage
diagnostic analytics
It comprises the analysis of past data to diagnose the reasons as to why certain events happened ∙ Why did it happen?
DATA ANALYTICS
It is a broad term that encompasses the processes, technologies, frameworks, and algorithms to extract meaningful insights from data.
Natural Language Processing (NLP)
It is a subfield of AI that focuses on enabling machines to understand and interpret human language. NLP is used in applications such as chatbots, virtual assistants, and language translation.
Automation
It is about setting up robots to follow a set of pre-defined rules. Artificial Intelligence is about setting up robots to make their own decisions (though still based on human input).
BIG DATA
It is defined as collections of datasets whose volume, velocity, or variety is so large that it is difficult to store, manage, process and analyze the data using traditional databases and data processing tools
DATA ANALYTICS
It is the process of extracting and creating information from raw data by filtering, processing, categorizing, condensing, and contextualizing the data.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEE
It is the simulation of human intelligence in machines through programming to mimic and think like humans.
DEEP LEARNING
It understands a vast amount of data and permits the software to train itself to perform image recognition and speech tasks. ∙ The algorithms are highly dependent on high-end machines.
machine learning NLP (Natural Language Processing) Speech Expert system planning, scheduling and optimisation robotics vision
STRUCTURE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Deep learning predictive analysis
TWO TYPES OF MACHINE LEARNING
descriptive analytics diagnostic analytics predictive analytics prescriptive analytics
TYPES OF ANALYTICS
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
The term first coined by John McCarthy 1956 at the Dartmouth conference, defining it as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines.
∙ Reactive Machines ∙ Limited Memory ∙ Theory of Mind ∙ Self-Awareness
Types of Artificial Intelligence (Functionality, Ability)
ANI [Artificial Narrow Intelligence] AGI [Artificial General Intelligence] ASI [Artificial Superintelligence]
Types of Artificial Intelligence (ability)
FACIAL RECOGNITION
a biometric technology that identifies facial vectors and features and matches them with a pre-enrolled individual
LEARNING
acquiring data and creating rules or algorithms that turn the data into actionable information
DEEP LEARNING
application of Machine Learning that uses complex algorithms and artificial neural networks (ANN; which structures and functions like brain neurons) to train a model, where data and patterns can be better perceived
SOCIAL MEDIA FEEDS
automate many tedious tasks related to social media management and can do social media monitoring at scale
Robotics
is a field of AI that involves designing, building, and programming robots to perform tasks. Robots are used in various applications such as manufacturing, healthcare, and space exploration. AI-powered robots are augmented with a variety of sensors (including vision devices such as 2D/3D cameras, vibration sensors, proximity sensors, accelerometers, and other environmental sensors,) that feed them with sensing data they can analyze and act upon in real-time.
Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT) ULIT
is committed to providing every Filipino access to vital ICT infrastructures and services, while also ensuring the sustainable growth of ICT-enabled industries that can lead to the creation of more jobs.
DATA
it is the new oil - fingerprint of creation - new gold
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
it is the use of computer systems to simulate human mental processes, such as interpreting and generating language.
TEXT EDITORS
make it simple and easy to autogenerate content for your blog, website, or social media profiles
REASONING
selecting the correct algorithm to reach the desired outcome
APPLICATIONS OF DEEP LEARNING
self-driving cars speech recognition pattern recognition computer programming image recognition contextual recommendations fact checking
MEDIA STREAMING
study people's viewing history, preferences, and behaviors to provide tailor-made, enjoyable experiences
Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI) Artificial General intelligence (AGI) Artificial Superintelligence (ASI)
types of ai based on capabilities
REACTIVE MACHINE LIMITED MEMORY THEORY OF MIND SELF-AWARENESS
types of ai based on functionalities