Literature Review and Reasearch Ethics - Research Methods

Privacy Confidentiality Anonymity Deception Coercion Harm

...

The IRB must have __ non-scientist

1

The IRB must have greater than __ person non-affiliated with the institution.

1

What are the steps for beginning a Literature Search?

1. Define the research problem as precisely as possible 2. Look at relevant secondary sources 3. Select one or two appropriate general reference works 4. Formulate search terms pertinent to the problem 5. Search the general references for relevant primary sources 6. Obtain and read relevant primary sources; note and summarize key points in the sources

What are some of the Nazi Germany Medical Experiments ( 1933-45)?

1. Freezing experiments 2. Malaria experiments 3. High-altitude experiments 4. Sterilization/Castration experiments

What does a literature review report consists of?

1. Introduction 2. Body of the review 3. Summary 4. Reference List

Writing a literature review consists of what 3 parts?

1. Introduction: Purpose of the literature review; Organization of the literature review 2. Body: Organized, synthesized, concise 3. Summary/Conclusion: Concise review

What are some examples of a scholarly journal sources?

1. Journal of Athletic Training 2. AM Journal of OT

What possible guidelines need to be considered with research with children?

1. Keep info given by children confidential 2. Must be careful with coercion

What should a Literature Review Outline consist of?

1. Major headings and subheadings 2. Identify where references will be placed under each head and/or subheading 3. Make connections between sources

What are some examples of News sources?

1. Newsweek 2. NY Times

What are some types of sources for Literature Review?

1. Primary Source 2. Secondary Source 3. Scholarly Journal 4. Trade Magazine 5. News 6. Popular/Sensation 7. Importance of Peer Review

What are some examples of special research populations?

1. Prisoners 2. Cognitively challenged 3. Fetuses and Pregnant Women 4. Marginalized groups 5. Homeless 6. llegal immigrants 7. Low socioeconomic status

Annotated Bibliographies includes what pertinent information?

1. Purpose Statement 2. Hypotheses 3. Variables: Independent, Dependent 4. Results/Findings

What are some examples of a Secondary Source for literature review?

1. Textbooks 2. Trade magazines

What does the statement of ethical principles consist of?

1. The protection of participants from harm 2. Ensuring confidentiality of research data 3. The question of deceptions of subjects

What are some examples of popular/sensational sources?

1. Vogue 2. National Enquirer

What are the steps to carrying out the Literature Search?

1. Write the Problem Statement 2. Consult Secondary Sources 3. Determine Descriptors 4. Search Primary Sources 5. Read and Record the Literature 6. Write the Literature Review

Tuskegee syphilis experiment occurred in ________ in Tuskegee, Alabama

1932-1972

The Stanford Prison Experiment occurred in ______ at Stanford University

1972

The IRB must have at least ___ members (Gender equality)

5

This is a full citation of article or book that is completed in APA format. Includes pertinent information from the article.

Annotated Bibliography

The ________ Rule (45 C.F.R. 46) requires"All research protocols involving human subjects be reviewed by an IRB to assure compliance with the requirements set forth in this policy"

Common Rule

Conforming to the standards of conduct of a given profession or group

Ethical Behavior

This approach is when you arrange your literature review with the most broad topics at the beginning. Narrow the scope of your topics as you progress through the literature review. Each new heading needs to have a connection to the previous sub-heading

Funnel Approach

"The voluntary consent of the human subject is absolutely essential." Subject awareness, Voluntary consent, Mental able subjects, and Researcher is responsible for obtaining

Informed Consent

What does IRB stand for?

Institutional Review Board

When reading and recording the literature, keep copies of your literature. Read for understanding: ______________, ______________, _____________,______________, and ______________.

Introduction, Results, Conclusion, Discussion, and Methods

What is an example of a Trade Magazine sources?

JOHPERD

What is an example of a primary source for literature review?

Journal Articles

A literature review should include a search for relevant information from: ____________, _____________, and ______________.

Meta-analyses Systematic review Original research studies

Research with children presents special issues for researchers such as, ___________, ___________, and _____________.

More vulnerable Fewer legal rights May not understand informed consent

This type of source for literature review disseminates current news to general population

News

The Nazi German Medical Experiments led to the development of _____________.

Nuremburg Code (1947)

This type of source for literature review disseminates "junk"

Popular/Sensational

This type of literature review source is first hand source of information: The original research article.

Primary Source

What is the purpose of consulting secondary sources?

Purpose is to become more familiar and identify descriptors

This type of source for literature review disseminates research to other scholars

Scholarly Journal

This type of literature review source consists of research where an author has summarized previous research

Secondary Source

What are the questionable elements in the Full Review Status?

Special Populations Unusual Equipment or Procedures Invasive Measurement(s) Deception

What is NIH Human Subject Training?

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) "Protecting Human Research Participants"

This act requires "All research institutions receiving federal funds establish an Institutional Review Board (IRB) to review and approve research projects".

The National Research Act of 1974

This type of source for literature review disseminates the best practices to practitioners

Trade Magazine

Exempt Review Status Purposed study has no risks to ______ subjects

adult

A Full Review Status requires _____ members of IRB to make a decision.

all

Research with children requires ________ and ________.

assent and parental consent

Exempt Review Status consists of collecting __________, ___________, or ___________ data.

documents, records, or existing data

Expedited Review Status _________ require all IRB members to meet.

does not

Exempt Review Status Research occurs in _________settings

education; Instructional strategies, curriculum

When consulting secondary sources overview the topic for _____________.

familiarity

Exempt Review Status does not require ___________ or _____________.

informed consent or all IRB members to meet

Expedited Review Status often requires ________ or _________.

informed or oral consent

When determining descriptors, determine terms to locate sources pertaining to your topic. Identify ______ and ______ descriptors. Identify __________ terms that are associated with your topic

major and minor; secondary

When writing the problem statement specify the research questions and make sure it is ____________ and _____________.

measurable and objective

Expedited Review Status has ___________ risks involved; Group or individual behavior observation; Many class projects

minimal

Full Review Status is a purposed study that has ___________ elements

questionable

When writing the problem statement, define your _______ problem

research problem

Exempt Review Status consists of _________ or ________ procedures

survey or interview; Anonymous, no risk involved, no sensitive questions