Literature Review and Reasearch Ethics - Research Methods
Privacy Confidentiality Anonymity Deception Coercion Harm
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The IRB must have __ non-scientist
1
The IRB must have greater than __ person non-affiliated with the institution.
1
What are the steps for beginning a Literature Search?
1. Define the research problem as precisely as possible 2. Look at relevant secondary sources 3. Select one or two appropriate general reference works 4. Formulate search terms pertinent to the problem 5. Search the general references for relevant primary sources 6. Obtain and read relevant primary sources; note and summarize key points in the sources
What are some of the Nazi Germany Medical Experiments ( 1933-45)?
1. Freezing experiments 2. Malaria experiments 3. High-altitude experiments 4. Sterilization/Castration experiments
What does a literature review report consists of?
1. Introduction 2. Body of the review 3. Summary 4. Reference List
Writing a literature review consists of what 3 parts?
1. Introduction: Purpose of the literature review; Organization of the literature review 2. Body: Organized, synthesized, concise 3. Summary/Conclusion: Concise review
What are some examples of a scholarly journal sources?
1. Journal of Athletic Training 2. AM Journal of OT
What possible guidelines need to be considered with research with children?
1. Keep info given by children confidential 2. Must be careful with coercion
What should a Literature Review Outline consist of?
1. Major headings and subheadings 2. Identify where references will be placed under each head and/or subheading 3. Make connections between sources
What are some examples of News sources?
1. Newsweek 2. NY Times
What are some types of sources for Literature Review?
1. Primary Source 2. Secondary Source 3. Scholarly Journal 4. Trade Magazine 5. News 6. Popular/Sensation 7. Importance of Peer Review
What are some examples of special research populations?
1. Prisoners 2. Cognitively challenged 3. Fetuses and Pregnant Women 4. Marginalized groups 5. Homeless 6. llegal immigrants 7. Low socioeconomic status
Annotated Bibliographies includes what pertinent information?
1. Purpose Statement 2. Hypotheses 3. Variables: Independent, Dependent 4. Results/Findings
What are some examples of a Secondary Source for literature review?
1. Textbooks 2. Trade magazines
What does the statement of ethical principles consist of?
1. The protection of participants from harm 2. Ensuring confidentiality of research data 3. The question of deceptions of subjects
What are some examples of popular/sensational sources?
1. Vogue 2. National Enquirer
What are the steps to carrying out the Literature Search?
1. Write the Problem Statement 2. Consult Secondary Sources 3. Determine Descriptors 4. Search Primary Sources 5. Read and Record the Literature 6. Write the Literature Review
Tuskegee syphilis experiment occurred in ________ in Tuskegee, Alabama
1932-1972
The Stanford Prison Experiment occurred in ______ at Stanford University
1972
The IRB must have at least ___ members (Gender equality)
5
This is a full citation of article or book that is completed in APA format. Includes pertinent information from the article.
Annotated Bibliography
The ________ Rule (45 C.F.R. 46) requires"All research protocols involving human subjects be reviewed by an IRB to assure compliance with the requirements set forth in this policy"
Common Rule
Conforming to the standards of conduct of a given profession or group
Ethical Behavior
This approach is when you arrange your literature review with the most broad topics at the beginning. Narrow the scope of your topics as you progress through the literature review. Each new heading needs to have a connection to the previous sub-heading
Funnel Approach
"The voluntary consent of the human subject is absolutely essential." Subject awareness, Voluntary consent, Mental able subjects, and Researcher is responsible for obtaining
Informed Consent
What does IRB stand for?
Institutional Review Board
When reading and recording the literature, keep copies of your literature. Read for understanding: ______________, ______________, _____________,______________, and ______________.
Introduction, Results, Conclusion, Discussion, and Methods
What is an example of a Trade Magazine sources?
JOHPERD
What is an example of a primary source for literature review?
Journal Articles
A literature review should include a search for relevant information from: ____________, _____________, and ______________.
Meta-analyses Systematic review Original research studies
Research with children presents special issues for researchers such as, ___________, ___________, and _____________.
More vulnerable Fewer legal rights May not understand informed consent
This type of source for literature review disseminates current news to general population
News
The Nazi German Medical Experiments led to the development of _____________.
Nuremburg Code (1947)
This type of source for literature review disseminates "junk"
Popular/Sensational
This type of literature review source is first hand source of information: The original research article.
Primary Source
What is the purpose of consulting secondary sources?
Purpose is to become more familiar and identify descriptors
This type of source for literature review disseminates research to other scholars
Scholarly Journal
This type of literature review source consists of research where an author has summarized previous research
Secondary Source
What are the questionable elements in the Full Review Status?
Special Populations Unusual Equipment or Procedures Invasive Measurement(s) Deception
What is NIH Human Subject Training?
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) "Protecting Human Research Participants"
This act requires "All research institutions receiving federal funds establish an Institutional Review Board (IRB) to review and approve research projects".
The National Research Act of 1974
This type of source for literature review disseminates the best practices to practitioners
Trade Magazine
Exempt Review Status Purposed study has no risks to ______ subjects
adult
A Full Review Status requires _____ members of IRB to make a decision.
all
Research with children requires ________ and ________.
assent and parental consent
Exempt Review Status consists of collecting __________, ___________, or ___________ data.
documents, records, or existing data
Expedited Review Status _________ require all IRB members to meet.
does not
Exempt Review Status Research occurs in _________settings
education; Instructional strategies, curriculum
When consulting secondary sources overview the topic for _____________.
familiarity
Exempt Review Status does not require ___________ or _____________.
informed consent or all IRB members to meet
Expedited Review Status often requires ________ or _________.
informed or oral consent
When determining descriptors, determine terms to locate sources pertaining to your topic. Identify ______ and ______ descriptors. Identify __________ terms that are associated with your topic
major and minor; secondary
When writing the problem statement specify the research questions and make sure it is ____________ and _____________.
measurable and objective
Expedited Review Status has ___________ risks involved; Group or individual behavior observation; Many class projects
minimal
Full Review Status is a purposed study that has ___________ elements
questionable
When writing the problem statement, define your _______ problem
research problem
Exempt Review Status consists of _________ or ________ procedures
survey or interview; Anonymous, no risk involved, no sensitive questions