LS Quizes 11-20

The event that comes closest to being a culture-wide rite of passage in the United States is: A. hazing. B. getting a driver's license. C. a school graduation ceremony. D. joining a college fraternity.

a. school graduation ceremony

If passion and commitment are present but intimacy is not, Sternberg calls the relationship _____ love, as when one person worships another from a distance. A. romantic B. fatuous C. affectionate D. consummate

fatuous

The majority of sibling relationships in adulthood are: A. close. B. neutral. C. apathetic. D. distant.

A close

The concept of "use it or lose it" is a significant component of the _____ model of cognitive optimization that addresses strategies to buffer age-related declines in intellectual development. A. engagement B. constructivist C. peer-to-peer D. social learning

A engagement

Exercise can reduce the risk of all of the following conditions EXCEPT: A. type I diabetes. B. stroke. C. osteoporosis. D. breast cancer.

A. type 1 diabetes

George wants to ensure that his sons become competent decision makers. Which of the following is a strategy you would suggest for improving their decision making? A. Provide more opportunities for them to engage in role playing and peer group problem solving. B. Encourage the presence of peers in risk-taking situations. C. Supply contexts where substances and other temptations are readily available, testing their willingness to make risky decisions. D. Keep them in a sequestered environment where they will not have to face decision-making in real-world contexts.

A opportunities for role playing and peer group problem solving

Zack is having a conversation with his friend Ben in a crowded room. Despite the presence of many voices around him, Zack focuses on what Ben is saying. This is an example of _____ attention. A.selective B. divided C. implicit D. executive

A selective

____ is the emotional numbness, disbelief, separation anxiety, despair, sadness, and loneliness that accompany the loss of someone we love. A. Grief B. Anger C. Obsession D. Denial

A. Grief

Bill wants to know how he can prevent drug abuse by his adolescent son. You would suggest that Bill: A. have family dinners most nights of the week. B. discourage his son from making more friends at school. C. engage in lesser parental monitoring and control. D. cease to emphasize educational success.

A. Have family dinner most nights of the week

A number of leading experts on adolescent sexuality conclude that abstinence-only programs: A. are less effective at reducing the risk of adolescent pregnancy than sex-education programs. B. prevent adolescent pregnancies better than sex-education programs emphasizing contraceptive knowledge. C. are more effective at reducing the risk of sexually transmitted infections than sex-education programs. D. provide useful knowledge about safe sex to sexually active adolescents.

A. Less effective at reducing the risk of adolescent pregnancy than sex-education programs

Katie weighs less than 85 percent of what is considered normal for her age and height. Yet, she sees herself as too fat and starves to become thinner. Katie most likely suffers from: A. anorexia nervosa. B. bulimia nervosa. C. binge eating disorder. D. body dysmorphic disorder.

A. anorexia nervosa

Abdiel has had three children, according to Erikson, he has achieved: A. biological generativity B. parental generativity. C. biological stagnation. D. cultural stagnation.

A. biological generativity

Brain death occurs when: A. all electrical activity of the brain has ceased for a specified period of time. B. a person remains unconscious for a specified period of time. C. only the lower regions of the brain stop functioning. D. the body loses the ability to breathe on its own.

A. electrical activity stops

Your elderly aunt Marie was recently admitted to a nursing home where there is a "residents' advisory board," consisting of the people who live in the home. They consult with the staff on changes that affect their lives and help plan the monthly activities. Based on a research by Judith Rodin and Ellen Langer, you would expect her to be: A. happier than she was when she did not have any input into decisions affecting her life. B. stressed by having to make decisions; that's what she pays the staff to do. C. even more depressed that she is not able to live on her own any more. D. apathetic about what happens to her.

A. happier to be involved

If a community wants to develop programs to help at-risk youths, an important component to include in the program would be: A. intensive individualized attention. B. strong academic support. C. community role models. D. tactics to "scare teens straight."

A. intense individualized attention

Which of the following statements is true about better care for dying individuals? A. Many health care professionals have received little training to provide adequate end-of-life care or to understand its importance. B. In every case, doctors usually provide ample information to the dying individuals about how long they are likely to live. C. Scientific advances have always made dying easier by hardly delaying the inevitable. D. Care providers are increasingly losing interest in helping individuals experience a "good death."

A. little training on end-of-life care

Which of the following scenarios will most likely aid an inhibited child to be outgoing, sociable, and emotionally stable as an adult? A. Peer groups with other inhibited children with common interests, so the child feels accepted B. Child continuously encounters noisy, chaotic environments that allow no escape from stimulation C. Caregivers who use inappropriate "low-level control" and attempt to force the child into new situations D. School being "overmanned," so inhibited children are less likely to be tolerated and more likely to feel undervalued

A. peer groups with similar fears and interests

"Amelia's all excited about this new guy she met," says Julie. "I guess it makes sense because he's really a geek." Based on the concept of consensual validation, we can expect that Julie: A. thinks that Amelia is also a geek. B. is an intellectual and charitable person. C. believes that Amelia is not influenced by her friend's opinions. D. is providing consensual validation for Amelia's taste in men.

A. thinks Amelia is also a geek

In 2013, in the United States, the average age of retirement was _____ for men and _____ for women. A. 65; 67 B. 64; 62 C. 66; 64 D. 70; 72

B 64; 62

Fifteen-year-old Juanita wants to skip school today because she is having a bad hair day and is convinced that everybody will notice and think badly of her. Which aspect of adolescent egocentrism is Juanita experiencing? A. Personal Fable B. Imaginary Audience C. Fight-or-flight response D. Top-dog phenomenon

B Imaginary Audience

Which of the following is linked to more rapid onset of hearing difficulties in older adults? A. Defects in mitochondria and declining levels of testosterone B. Inadequate nutrition and a lifetime of smoking C. High blood pressure and resistant hypertension D. Dietary intake of beta-carotene and obesity

B Inadequate nutrition and a lifetime of smoking

Cathy and Miguel have been dating for six months. Which of the following is likely to be LEAST important in their relationship considering that both are in early adulthood? A. Passion B. Loyalty C. Physical attraction D. Romance

B Loyalty

In the Berkeley Longitudinal Studies, which of the following characteristics generally changed the most across time for an adult? A. Intellectual orientation B. Nurturance or hostility C. Openness to experience D. Self-confidence

B Nurturance or Hostility

Holly is a quiet and introverted person. She feels stressed whenever she has to interact with a lot of people. Which of the following BEST describes this aspect of Holly's identity? A. Interests B. Personality C. Physical identity D. Relationship Identity

B Personality

Which of the following statements is supported by Crystal Park's research on chronic stress and religious experiences? A. Individuals who are religious rarely experience a disruption in their values after the death of a loved one. B. Religion can serve as a meaning system through which the bereaved are able to reframe their loss. C. Nonreligious individuals show better adjustment to the loss of a loved one than religious individuals. D. Initially, religion is linked with less depressed feelings about a loved one's death

B Religioin can serve as a meaning system through which the bereaved are able to reframe their loss

Maria is 80 years old. She is considered _____. A. youngest-old B. young-old C. oldest-old D. middle-aged

B Young-old

Questions such as, "To which age group do you belong?" and "How old do you feel?" reflect the concept of: A. mental age. B. age identity. C. chronological age. D. age stereotype.

B age identity

Older adults not being hired for new jobs, being eased out of old ones because they are perceived as too rigid or feeble-minded, and being eased out because they are not considered cost effective are examples of: A. eldercare. B. ageism. C. generational inequity. D. age incongruity.

B ageism

In her meeting with a counselor, Dalton revealed that he was uncomfortable being close to others. He finds it difficult to trust people completely and doesn't allow himself to depend completely on them. He gets nervous if someone tries to get too intimate with him. It seems likely that Dalton has a(n) _____ attachment style. A. secure B. anxious C. avoidant D. conflicted

B avoidant

Factors at age 50 that were linked with being in the "happy-well" group at age 75 to 80 years of age included all of the following EXCEPT: A. being well-educated. B. being wealthy. C. having a stable marriage. D. being forgiving.

B being wealthy

James, an American, will be most likely considered as an adult by his peers and community when he _____, whereas Nirmal, who lives in Bangladesh, will be most likely considered as an adult by his community when he _____. A. moves out of the house; graduates from college B. gets a full-time job; gets married C. turns 21; becomes financially independent D. gets married; buys his first home

B full time job/ get married

Adult development experts are virtually unanimous in their belief that midlife crises: A. have been validated. B. have been exaggerated. C. have no cross-cultural validity. D. have been underestimated.

B have been exaggerated

Lillian is 50 years old. Her doctor has noticed a sharp decrease in her estrogen levels, and Lillian is complaining of nausea and fatigue. Based on these symptoms, what could be her initial diagnosis? A. She has hyperthyroidism. B. She is going through menopause. C. She is going through postpartum depression. D. She has atherosclerosis.

B menopause

Identical human twins have similar weights, even when they are reared apart. This indicates: A. the important role nutrition plays in obesity. B. how lifestyle is instrumental in determining an individual's weight. C. the genetic component of a person's weight.

C. genetics of weight

Which of the following statements about language skills of older adults is NOT true? A. The vocabulary of individuals often continues to increase throughout most of the adult years. B. Older adults seldom report difficulty in retrieving words to use in conversation. C. Understanding spoken language in certain contexts is a common complaint for older adults. D. In less than ideal listening conditions, older adults can have difficulty in understanding speech

B seldom report difficulty retrieving words

Which of the following is an example of implicit memory? A. Being at a grocery store and remembering what an individual wanted to buy B. Typing on a computer while talking to a friend C. Being able to name the capital of Illinois D. Recounting the events of a movie an individual has seen

B typing on computer while talking to friend

According to a study using the Complex Postformal Thought Questionnaire, which of the following statements about the postformal stage of cognitive development is TRUE? A. Adolescents are just as likely as young adults to engage in postformal thinking. B. College students who have cross-category friends scored higher on the postformal thought measure. C. College students who have cross-category friends are less likely to engage in postformal thought. D. Adolescents are more likely to engage in postformal thought than young adults.

B. College students who have cross-category friends scored higher on the postformal thought measure.

Ramon's parents have decided that he will enroll in a liberal arts course in the state college near their hometown. Ramon has not really thought about the issue much himself, and he will most likely follow their advice. James Marcia would classify Ramon's identity status as identity: A. diffusion. B. foreclosure. C. moratorium. D. achievement.

B. Foreclosure

Kelly has just given birth to her first baby at age 37; her best friend, Olivia, age 26, just gave birth to her first child. Which of the following is likely to be TRUE for these new mothers? A. Kelly will have more energy to care for her child than Olivia. B. Olivia will have fewer medical problems with pregnancy and childbirth. C. Olivia will more likely build up expectations for her child. D. Olivia will have more income for child-rearing expenses than Kelly.

B. Olivia will have fewer medical problems

If born today in the United States, which of the following persons would have the highest life expectancy? A. Jerome who is an African American male B. Larry who is a non-Latino White male C. Miranda who is an African American female D. Susanna who is a Latino female

B. Susanna - Latino Female

Identify a possible reason for the changes in fluid and crystallized intelligence of different age groups in John Horn's cross-sectional study. A. Secular trends B. Cohort effects C. Declining IQ with age D. Biases in IQ testing

B. cohort effects

When men face stress, they are more likely to respond in a: A. composed manner. B. fight-or-flight manner. C. stagnant manner. D. tend-and-befriend pattern.

B. flight or fight manner

Silas is a man who is in his late seventies. He has a condition characterized by hypertension, obesity, and insulin resistance. This is otherwise known as: A. diabetic neuropathy. B. metabolic syndrome. C. internal atrophy. D. neurodegeneration.

B. metabolic syndrome

Basilio sustained severe and irreversible brain damage due to an accidental overdose of insulin. His wife and children decided to remove the life-support system, and Basilio subsequently died. This is an example of ________ euthanasia. A. active B. passive C. natural D. culturally acceptable

B. passive

Which of the following is a similarity among the cellular clock, free-radical, and mitochondrial theories? A. They attribute the process of aging to hormonal changes. B. They attempt to explain aging at the cellular level. C. They discount the role of genetics in aging. D. They emphasize the effects of ecological factors on aging.

B. they explain it at the cellular level

Josue has incurable cancer. However, he promises to lead a reformed life dedicated to God if God spares his life. In this scenario, Josue is in which of the following Kübler-Ross' stages of dying? A. Denial B. Hope C. Bargaining D. Acceptance

C Bargaining

Although Alicia has a great memory for trivia, she has difficulty remembering important events in her life. Alicia has good _____ memory but poor _____ memory. A. episodic; procedural B. procedural; semantic C. semantic; episodic D. explicit; implicit

C Semantic; Episodic

Mrs. Hernandez has considerable pain and inflammation in her wrists, fingers, and knees. It is becoming very difficult for her to maintain her usual routines as her stiffness increases. Mrs. Hernandez has: A. arteriosclerosis. B. diabetes. C. arthritis. D. osteoporosis.

C arthritis

Gina is doing what she can to help her older aunt take care of herself and stay in her own home. Gina often takes meals to her aunt and helps her clean, go shopping, and make visits to the doctor. Gina is providing _____ for her aunt. A. home care service B. emergency care C. eldercare D. hospice care

C eldercare

When he was interviewed at 80 years of age, Arthur Rubinstein said that he spent more time at practice than earlier in his life. This helped to maintain his status as an admired concert pianist. This reflects which aspect of Baltes' theory? A. Selection B. Organization C. Optimization D. Compensation

C optimization

Stacy is a director of a senior center. Every week she leads a group where the elders discuss past activities and experiences. The members of the group are encouraged to share anecdotes, old pictures, and other family memorabilia that remind them of significant events in their past. Stacy's group is a form of ________ therapy. A. cognitive behavioral B. past life regression C. reminiscence D. rational emotive

C reminiscence

Which of the following changes in the brain has NOT been associated with Alzheimer disease? A. Shrinkage of the brain B. Formation of amyloid plaques C. A series of mini-strokes D. Formation of neurofibrillary tangles

C series of mini-strokes

Which of the following strategies would be most helpful in improving memory in middle age? A. Avoid using vivid imagery to keep from becoming distracted. B. Use a recall rather than recognition strategy whenever possible. C. Use an organization strategy to categorize information to be remembered. D. Avoid using the information to be remembered so that it does not become confused with other information.

C use an organization strategy to categorize information

The peak rate of pubertal change occurs at _____ years for girls and _____ years for boys. A. 13; 14 1/2 B. 12 1/2; 11 1/2 C. 11 1/2; 13 1/2 D. 10 1/2; 13

C. 11 1/2; 13 1/2

Regina's friend has been diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection. His symptoms include fevers, night sweats, weight loss, chronic fatigue, and swollen lymph nodes. The doctor denotes that a virus has infected his immune system. Regina's friend has most likely been diagnosed with which of the following sexually transmitted infections? A. Syphilis B. Chlamydia C. AIDS D. Genital herpes

C. AIDS

Juanita, a Latino girl, is entering adolescence and her mother wants to keep her from risky sexual behavior. According to research, her mother should: A. engage in a lower level of parental monitoring. B. avoid emphasizing the need for academic excellence. C. foster a close and supportive relationship with Juanita. D. keep Juanita away from adolescent males at all times until she reaches an appropriate age.

C. Foster a closer relationship

An adult in middle age will be most likely to do POORLY on which of the following tasks? A. Understanding verbal directions B. Completing a crossword puzzle C. Hitting the brakes of a car when the light suddenly turns red D. Lifting a box that weighs 20 pounds

C. Hitting the brakes of a car

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the death scenario in the U.S. today? A. More than 80 percent of all deaths occur in institutions or hospitals. B. The care of a dying older person has shifted away from the family. C. Today, death occurs most often among adolescents. D. Nowadays, greater numbers of older adults die apart from their families.

C. adolescent deaths are most often

Mini wants to know what activities would be most conducive to creative thinking. Based on what people reported in Csikszentmihalyi's research, you would suggest that Mini would be at her creative best during activities that: A. demand complete attention. B. leave little time free to think about peripheral issues. C. are semiautomatic. D. demand practically no attention.

C. are semiautomatic

Seven-year-old Matthew's mother passed away recently. He has started asking his father about his mother's whereabouts. Which of the following is the BEST strategy of dealing with Matthew's questions? A. The father should evade Matthew's questions for as long as possible. B. The father should treat the topic of his mother's death as unmentionable. C. The father should be honest about his mother's death. D. The father should distract him with other pursuits.

C. be honest

Marie is reluctant to marry because she is worried that her husband might cheat on her. You would tell her that adultery is: A. widespread in the U.S. B. a problem in almost half the marriages in the U.S. C. clearly the exception rather than the rule. D. a problem most married couples in the U.S. have faced at some point or the other.

C. exception rather than the rule

Manfred is worried about his 16-year-old son hanging around much older people in the neighborhood. Research suggests that Manfred: A. should not be concerned, since having older friends has been linked to positive school achievement. B. should encourage the behavior since his older friends will help him make a successful transition to adulthood. C. has reason to worry, since his son is more likely to engage in delinquency and early sexual behavior. D. should not worry, because his son will soon tire of his older friends and turn to friends his own age.

C. has reason to worry because it will lead to early delinquency and sexual behavior.

Recent research suggests that cohabiting: A. before marriage increases marital satisfaction. B. before marriage increases the likelihood of divorce. C. couples have less difficulty owning property jointly. D. couples face less disapproval from parents and other family members.

C. increases the likelihood of divorce

A man in his mid-forties is most likely to notice: A. increased strength in his upper arms. B. sensitivity to high-pitched sounds. C. joint stiffness. D. decreased bladder control.

C. joint stiffness

Service learning is often more effective when two conditions are met: (1) giving students some degree of choice in the service activities in which they participate, and (2) _____. A.fixing certain minimum levels of compliance B. guiding students in their tasks C. providing students opportunities to reflect about their participation D. limiting the amount of time spent volunteering

C. opportunities to reflect

Joaquin believes that older adults deliberately withdraw from social contact with individuals who are peripheral to their lives while maintaining or increasing contact with close friends and family members with whom they have had enjoyable relationships. He is a proponent of: A. activity. B. selective optimization with compensation. C. socioemotional selectivity. D. social discontinuity.

C. socioemotional selectivity

Ishmael is experiencing a lot of stress at the workplace. Trends indicated in a recent national survey of U.S. adults suggest that Ishmael: A. is likely to view stress as a positive thing. B. will be less productive because of stress. C. will be energized by the stress. D. will not make important career decisions based on the stress.

C. will be less productive because of the stress

Mr. Dalton has been complaining of irregular and involuntary movement in the right part of his body. The doctors noticed that Mr. Dalton has been showing signs of slow movement and partial facial paralysis. The chronic and progressive nature of the illness was revealed in the pathological findings. Which of the following conditions does Mr. Dalton most likely suffer from? A. Alzheimer disease B. Multi-infarct syndrome C. Lewy body dementia D. Parkinson disease

D Parkinsons disease

Sarah and Kent have always had a very traditional family structure. Kent worked outside the home and Sarah was a homemaker. When Kent retires, which of the following situations is most likely to arise? A. Sarah will have difficulty keeping up with housework. B. Sarah will help more with yard work. C. Sarah will be delighted to have someone help her, so she can spend increasing amounts of time away from home. D. Sarah will become uneasy having Kent around the house all day.

D Sarah will be uneasy

Becky is careless, impulsive, and disorganized. According to the Big Five personality factors, Becky is most likely to score low on: A. openness to experience. B. agreeableness. C. neuroticism. D. conscientiousness.

D conscientiousness

Kendra has a few shots of vodka before going out to attend her annual college party. Kendra has engaged in: A. boot and rally. B. high-risk drinking. C. extreme binge drinking. D. pregaming.

D pregamming

Jamie lost his wife many years ago. He is still experiencing enduring despair a year after her death. According to Prigerson & Maciejewski, this type of grief reaction would be labelled as _____ grief. A. depressive B. extended C. abnormal D. prolonged

D prolonged

Alice, Jane, Lois, and Sandra have been friends since grade school. Over the years, they have given each other support and shared in each other's joys and sadness. Which model of social relations does this scenario represent? A. The longitudinal model B. The cohort model C. The convoy model D. The network model

D the convoy model

Gisela is suffering from a condition that involves thickening of the lenses of her eyes. This causes her vision to become cloudy or distorted. Identify the condition that Gisela is suffering from. A. Glaucoma B. Nearsightedness C. Macular degeneration D. Cataracts

D. Cataracts

Penelope is describing her marriage of 15 years: "My husband and I were eating breakfast the other day. Neither of us was talking, both of us just reading and thinking our own thoughts. But it was a very comfortable, companionable silence, and I love it!" What aspect of their relationship does this illustrate? A. Passion B. Infatuation C. Romantic love D. Affectionate love

D. affectionate love

The most effective way to treat adolescent depression is: A. through antidepressant medication like Prozac. B. not with medication, but through cognitive behavior therapy. C. a combination of psychoanalysis and family treatment. D. a combination of drug therapy and cognitive behavior therapy.

D. drug therapy and cognitive behavior

Reggie, 16, gets into a lot of arguments with his parents. Going by what is generally observed about parent-adolescent conflict, it is likely that most of the arguments center around: A. whether Reggie uses drugs. B. Reggie's delinquent behavior. C. Reggie's alcoholism. D. everyday events of family life.

D. everyday evens of family life

Which of the following statements about dating in gay male and lesbian youth is TRUE? A. All sexual minority youth date other-sex peers to disguise their sexual orientation from others. B. Despite their orientation, gay and lesbian youth have not had any same-sex sexual experience. C. Gay and lesbian youth are not emotionally affected by the breakup of a same-sex relationship. D. Disclosure of their sexual orientation to parents is the most stressful problem for gay and lesbian youth.

D. telling the parents is the most stressful part

After Mildred's divorce, she went back to college, renewed old acquaintanceships, and took up ballroom dancing. After completing college, she got the job she'd always wanted and entered into a long-term relationship. Mildred chose the pathway of: A. the good-enoughs. B. the defeated. C. the seeker. D. the enhancer.

D. the enhancer

According to the cross-sectional study by Ursula Staudinger, _____ showed up for the first time on the most important list for those who were 85 to 105 years old. A. spending time with friends B. concerns about work C. thinking about cognitive fitness D. thinking about life

D. thinking about life