LVN REVIEWS

-vasoconstriction -increased heart rate -release glucose reserves

What are the effects of the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine?

-stimulates the maturation of lymphocytes into T cells -coordinates immune defenses

What are the functions of the thymus gland?

ventilation, transportation & gas exchange of O2 & CO2

What are the three steps in respiration

weight bearing

What factors stimulate bone growth?

The right arm will become edematous

What happens if the lymphatic vessels and nodes are removed from the right axillary region?

Client's self-report of pain

What is most reliable source when determining the Intensity of the client's pain?

Inject and aspirate normal saline or sterile water

What is the correct procedure to test the integrity of the balloon of an indwelling catheter?

It is responsible for completing digestion and absorbing the usable food products into the lymphatic and bloodstream

What is the primary function of the small intestine?

it decreases the edema on the site

What is the primary reason for a client using cold compress?

they both large lymphatic ducts that collect lymph from smaller lymphatic vessels

What is the similarity between the thoracic duct and the right lymphatic duct?

high plasma levels of glucose

What is the stimulus for the release of insulin?

98.6°F (37"C)

What should the water temperature be when preparing a tepid bath for a patient?

Calling the client by his or her name

When admitted to a hospital, the nurse may help the client feeling a loss of identity by:

Cleanse with strokes from front to back

When cleansing the female perineum before catheterization, the nurse will:

B. Color of the urine E. Time of urination

When documenting a client's urine output what needs to be included: (select all that apply) A. length of time it takes to urinate on any given day B. Color of the urine C. Discomfort when dients roommate voided D. Amount of urine client voided last week E. Time of urination

D. It drains semiliquid stool

When explaining the difference between a colostomy and an ileostomy, the nurse explains which of the following about an ileostomy? A. It has a much larger stoma B. It is always permanent C. It does not need a pouch D. It drains semiliquid stool

Don gloves

When following standard precautions, what will the nurse do when disposing linens contaminated with feces?

Contaminated stethoscope.

When giving an example of a fomite, the nurse describes a

high fowlers

When inserting nasogastric tube into a patient, the patient should be in what position?

Withdraw fluid from balloon and advance catheter forward

When inserting the urinary catheter into a male client and inflating the balloon, the patient grimaces and looks uncomfortable. What is the appropriate nursing action?

Friction

When moving or transferring older clients, it is essential to avoid pulling them across bed linens because this may cause:

Podiatrist

When providing hand and foot care, the person best prepared to provide nail care for clients with extremely hard toenails is the:

A bleeding tendency is present

When shaving a client, it is appropriate to use an electric razor instead of a straight razor when:

110-115 degrees Fahrenheit

When the nurse is preparing a sponge bath for a client, the water temperature should be:

The patient will be allowed some control over the environment and it promotes safety.

When the nurse orients the patient to their room, she explains the use of the equipment, the call system, the bed, the telephone, and the TV. The rationale is that:

systolic

When the ventricles of the heart contract, ____ pressure occurs:

120 minutes (2 hours)

When there is sustained skin pressure especially over the body prominences, the nurse will plan to have the client's position changed every:

upward and back

When using the tympanic thermometer for a adult, the nurse will tug the ear pinna:

inner to outer canthus

When washing the client's face and cleansing the eyes, you would wash the eyelids from_____?

Nurse Practice act

Which document identifies the scope of practice for the LVN

-trypsin (protease) -lipase (steapsin) -amylase (amylopsin)

Which enzymes are produced by the pancreas?

air rushes into the lungs

Which event occurs in response to an increase in thoracic volume?

Observing the skin for abnormalities

Which guideline should be followed when giving backrub?

Washing the hands thoroughly after handling soiled linen

Which intervention Is correct for preventing the spread of infection while following the correct procedure for bed making?

ACh (acetylcholine)

Which of the following Is (are) most related to the muscarinic receptors?

coronary arteries

Which of the following are branches of the ascending aorta

-Faster recovery -Fewer readmission -Improved quality of life -Shorter hospital stay

Which of the following are the advantages of a client receiving proper pain management during their hospital stay?

The Brain does not have capacity to acknowledge the pain while it's interpreting another stimuli

Which of the following best defines the Gate Control Theory

Mechanical digestion

Which of the following best describes the chewing of food?

heart rate x stroke volume

Which of the following defines cardiac output?

fight or flight

Which of the following is descriptive of a panic attack?

pulmonary edema

Which of the following is most likely to develop if the pressure in the pulmonary capillaries increases?

D. Muscarinic receptors

Which of the following is most related to the postganglionic sympathetics? A. Alpha and beta receptor activation B. ACh C. craniosacral outflow D. Muscarinic receptors

maxillary bones

Which of the following is part of the facial skeleton?

PCO2

Which of the following is the major regulator of respiratory activity?

digestive enzymes

Which of the following is true of the following: pepsin, trypsin, amylase, and lipase? All are

Contains the respiratory organs in the chest

Which of the following is true of the lower respiratory tract?

C. synapse at the paravertebral ganglia

Which of the following is true of the preganglionic fibers of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems? Both A.are adrenergic. B. secrete ACh C. synapse at the paravertebral ganglia D. are targets of beta blockers

cornea, aqueous humor, pupil, lens, vitreous humor, retina

Which of the following lists gives the correct order for the parts through which light passes as It enters the eye?

-Clenching teeth -clenching fists -Moaning -Restlessness -Grimacing -Rigid body position -frowning -crying

Which of the following nonverbal behaviors should the nurse Identify as an indication that the client is experiencing pain?

Planning

Which of the following nursing process requires the nurse to establish interventions of care for the patient?

-Irritability -fatigue -Mood swings -disorientation -decreased motivation -sleepiness -hyperexcitability

Which of the following signs and symptoms can a nurse assess in a client with sleep deprivation?

Open drainage

Which of the following types of drainage systems describes an open-ended tube that drains into a receptacle or out into the dressing?

O

Which type of blood is called the universal donor?

AB

Which type of blood is called the universal recipient?

Registered Nurses (RNs) and Physicians

Who does the LVN work under?

RN

Who does the first assessment?

Bending at the knees

With lifting or moving a client up in bed, the nurse should protect his or her back by:

Portal vein

a blood vessel that brings unoxygenated blood to the Iiver?

thyroid

a gland that has the final responsibility for controlling the rate of metabolism.

fight or flight

a hormones released by the adrenal medulla prepare the body for this response

Cardiovascular

a system transports nutrition, oxygen, water, and waste

visceral pleura

a thin, moist serous membrane that covers the lungs

vasomotor tone

a vasoconstrictor effect caused by background firing of the sympathetic nerves.

Lymphatic capillaries

absorb tissue fluid and transport it toward the heart.

liver, pancreas, gallbladder, salivary glands

accessory organs of the GI system?

Less than six months

acute pain is intense and of short duration, usually lasting:

Type 2 DM

adult-onset diabetes.

Inserting the upper denture first

after cleaning the patient's dentures, the nurse will replace them by:

relaxation of sphincter of oddi

allows bile to enter the duodenum from the common bile duct.

Pain receptors

also called nociceptors, do not adapt and may continue to send signals aftern the stimulus is removed

mitral

also known as the bicuspid valve

vasopressor

an agent that elevates blood pressure

vein

blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart; called capacitance or storage vessels; contains valve

jaundice

caused by obstruction of the common bile duct.

The clear, pale, straw color

characteristics of normal urine

Amylases

digest carbohydrates into sugars

300 ml

drainage in quantities greater than this in the 1st 24hrs is treated as abnormal

Serosanguineous

drainage that is pink (light red), watery, and a mixture of serum and blood

B. relaxed

during atrial systole, the verticles are: A. in systole B. relaxed c. av valves are closed d. contract

gastroenterology

encompasses the study of the stomach and intestines.

lymph

formed from interstitial tissue fluid

Anterior pituitary gland

glands that secretes TSH, ACTH, and growth hormone?

basophils

histamine during tissue damage

aldosterone

hormone that is mineralcorticoid that acts on the kidneys to regulate sodium and potassium levels.

INSULIN

hormone that lowers the blood glucose level by enabling cells to take in glucose.

prolactin

hormone that stimulates and maintains the secretion of breast milk?

Prostaglandins

hormones which is derived from a fatty acid called arachidonic acid.

1.5 to 2 inches (3.5 to 5 cm)

how long you will lubricate the urinary catheter on a female client?

6 to 7 inches (15 to 18 cm)

how long you will lubricate the urinary catheter on a male client?

Melatonin

influence on the sleep-wakefulness cycle.

retina

innermost layer of the eye

Thyroid

is a butterfly shaped and has two large lobes connected by a barnd of tissue called the isthmus.

pancreas

is a long slender organ, that lies transversely across the upper abdomen extending from the curve of the duodenum to the spleen.

stomach

is a pouchlike organ that lies in the upper left part of the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm and receives food from the esophagus.

cochlea

is a snail shaped part of the bony labyrinth in the inner ear.

Type 1 DM

is also known as juvenile-onset diabetes, which usually develops in children and must be treated with insulin.

polyuria

is excretion of a large volume of urine.

chyme

is partially digested, semiliquid, (pastelike mixture) food in the stomach.

UROSTOMY

is the diversion of urine away from a diseased or defective bladder through a surgically created opening or stoma in the skin

INCONTINENCE

is the inability to control urine or bowel elimination and can be a psychologically distressing and socially disruptive problem, especially among older adults

renal medulla

is the inner region of the kidney and contains most of the urine collecting tubules

HEMOGLOBIN

is the iron-containing pigment of erythrocytes

Secretion of PTH (parathyroid hormones)

is the response to low plasma levels of calcium.

duodenump

is the site where most digestion and absorption occurs?

Hypoxemia

is the stimulus for the release of erythropoietin

colostomy

is the surgical creation of a stoma on the abdominal wall to where the colon is normally attached

septum

it is a muscular partition that divide the heart into a right and left half

PARIETAL

lobe of the cerebrum that is the primary somatosensory area?

testosterone, estrogen, progesterone

male and female sex hormones

Acetylcholine

neurotransmitter that is secreted by a cholinergic fiber

respiratory depression

one of the major complication of using Morphine for pain control is that it can cause:

Eyebrows

one of the visual accessory organs, are patches of hair located above the eyes and perform both protective and cosmetic roles

Neuroglia

or glial cells that function as a nerve glue

liver

organ that detoxifies drugs, stores glycogen, and synthesizes plasma proteins.

Tonsils

partially encapsulated lymph nodes located in the throat area

medulla oblongata

portion of the brain controls the basic functions of life.

Supine position with knees flexed

position of a female client for urinary catheterization

supine with thighs slightly abducted

position of a male client for urinary catheterization

Binds with oxygen for transport to cells

primary function of hemoglobin?

digestion

process converts food into smaller particles suitable for absorption.

right ventricle

pumps oxygen-poor blood into the pulmonary artery, which carries it to the lungs

swallowing

refers to deglutition

Polyphagia

refers to excessive eating.

Polydipsia

refers to excessive thirst.

gums

refers to gingiva

Thrombocytes

responsible for clotting of the blood

pancreas

responsible for producing digestive enzymes.

glucocorticoids, mineralcorticoids, sex hormones

secreted by adrenal cortex

Glucagon

secreted by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans.

Insulin

secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans.

T3, T4, and calcitonin

secreted by the thyroid gland.

thymus gland

secretes hormones called thymosins, which play a role in the immune system.

chordae tendineae

small cordlike structures, that connect AV valves to the walls of the heart

Androgens

stimulates the development of male secondary sex characteristics.

Oxytocin

stimulates the muscles of the uterus to contract and plays a role in labor and the delivery baby.

liver

structure of digestive system that produces bile.

arterioles

structures that has the greatest effect on systemic vascular resistance

Core

the body temperature that remains relatively constant

Prostate

the gland surrounding the urethra in males

Glucagon

the hormone that is secreted in response to decreased levels of serum glucose.

hydrochloric acid

the liquid that helps to break down food in the stomach.

eustachian tubes

the passageway that are important in maintaining equal atmospheric pressure within the middle ear.

liver

the portal vein carries blood that is rich in digestive end-products to which organ?

SA node

the structures regulates the heart beat and is known as the pacemaker of the heart

Esophagus

the tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach.

Acupuncture

the use of needles to stimulate specific points on the body to relieve discomfort, promote health, and cure disease.

-Neurilemma -Myelin sheath -Node of Ranvier

these are found in the neuron

Gate control theory

this explains how the nervous system blocks or allows pain signals to pass to the brain

Neurons

transmitter cells that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord

pons and medulla

two areas of the brain work together to produce normal respirations

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and Oxytocin

two hormones of the posterior pituitary gland are produced in the hypothalamus and transported to the gland, where they are stored until needed.

mitral

valve that is located between left atrium and the left ventricle. also called as bicuspid valve

-proteins -vitamins A -vitamin C -zinc

what are the nutritional supplements to promote wound healing?

gallbladder

where bile is stored and concentrated.

-tachycardia -increased rate and depth of respirations -diaphoresis -increased systolic or diastolic blood pressure -pallor -dilated pupils -increased muscle tension

which are the objective signs of pain for patient?

in the drainage tubing

with an indwelling foley catheter, the nurse is assessing the urine output in a client Which location is recommended to best assess urine characteristics?

3 layers of the heart

-epicardium -myocardium -endocardium

Gonads

-testes or testicles -ovaries

Florence Nightingale

-took 38 nurses to Scutari, turkey -reformed british military healthcare system -know as "lady with the lamp" (care patients as night) -believed men were not good care takers

-Good hygiene -sanitation -record keeping -nutritional improvements -new medical equipment

6 ways Nightingale Nurses improved patient care

How far does a catheter have to be inserted into a male?

6-7 inches (15-18 cm) ONCE URINE FLOW IS ESTABLISHED insert 1 ½ inches farther (3.5cm)

B. The nurse separates the client's labia with her dominant hand.

A charge nurse in a long-term care facility is observing another nurse who is inserting an indwelling urinary catheter into a female client. Which of the following actions by the nurse should prompt the charge nurse to intervene? A. The nurse applies the sterile drape prior to cleansing the perineal area B. The nurse separates the client's labia with her dominant hand. C. The nurse coats the indwelling urinary catheter with lubricant D. The nurse provides perineal care prior to Inserting the urinary catheter.

hypoglycemia

A deficiency of insulin

purulent

A drainage from the wound that is yellow and thick?

cerebrospinal fluid

A fluid that circulates and forms a cushion around the brain and spinal cord

Tilted with the head of the bed down

A health care provider orders a patient to be placed in the Trendelenburg's position. How will the nurse position the bed?

Sigmoid colon

A major part of the large intestine which leads into the rectum

From pubis toward the rectum

A middle aged female client was discharged to home with an indwelling catheter. The student nurse instructs the client about the proper procedure for cleansing the female perineal area by teaching her to cleanse the area:

120/80

A normal adult's blood pressure

Collapse of blood vessels

A nurse assesses an area of sustained redness on the coccyx area of a resident in long-term care. What is the most likely cause of this pressure area?

-Date and time of procedure -Type and size of catheter -Amount of solution used to inflate balloon -Characteristics of urine -Amount of urine -Color of urine and consistency of urine (note particles in urine) -Reason for catheterization -Specimen collected -Patient's response to procedure (any resistance met) -Patient teaching

A nurse has inserted an indwelling catheter and is ready to document. Which of the following information is the nurse required to document?

-Procedure done -Time and date of procedure -Patient response -Patient teaching done

A nurse has inserted an indwelling catheter and is ready to document. Which of the following information is the nurse required to document?

turn the client on his side before starting oral care

A nurse in long-term care facility is caring for a client who Is unresponsive. When performing oral hygiene for the client, which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Health care-associated infections (HAIs)

A nurse inserts an indwelling urinary catheter for a client who is preoperative. Three days later, the client develops a urinary tract infection. The nurse should identify that the client has which of the following types of infections?

C. Close the curtains around the client's bed

A nurse is about to give a client a complete bed bath. Which of the following actions is the best action that the nurse should take to maintain the client's privacy? A. Use a blanket to cover the client B. Close the door of the client's room C. Close the curtains around the client's bed D. Ask family members to leave the room.

Lower the height of the solution container

A nurse is administering a tap-water enema to a client. The client reports cramping the nurse instills the irrigating solution. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to relieve the client's discomfort?

Fully recollapse the reservoir after emptying it

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is postoperative and has a closed- Wound drainage system in place.Which of the following the nurse take?

Granulation tissue on the surface of the wound

A nurse is caring for a client who has a large wound that has a vacuum-assisted closure device placed over it. Which of the following findings by the nurse indicates healing of the wound?

Apply a moisture barrier ointment to the skin

A nurse is caring for a client who has urinary incontinence. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent the development of skin breakdown?

Perform hand hygiene prior to dressing changes

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to help prevent an incisional infection?

To prevent aspiration problems

A nurse is caring for a client who is unconscious. With the help of an assistive personnel, a right lateral position. The client's daughter asks why the nurse keeps her father lying on his side. Which of the following rationales should the the nurse has repositioned the client from a left lateral to nurse give the family member?

Confirm the client's identity by checking her wristband

A nurse is caring for a client who reports constipation. The provider has prescribed an enema. Identify the first step in the sequence of steps the nurse should take to administer the enema.

A. Identify client and then explain what you will be doing and that she will feel temporary discomfort

A nurse is caring for a female client who has a prescription for an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Identify client and then explain what you will be doing and that she will feel temporary discomfort. B. Lubricate the catheter. C. Clean the perineum from front to back D. Arrange the sterile items on the sterile field.

Cover the area with saline-soaked sterile dressings

A nurse is caring for client who is 5 days postoperative after abdominal surgery. The client reports a sudden pulling sensation and pain in his surgical incision. The nurse checks the client's surgical wound and finds an evisceration. Which of the following interventions is appropriate?

A. Measurement of residual urine after urination E. Routine collection of an urine specimen

A nurse is discussing indications for urinary catheterization with a newly licensed nurse. Which of following indications should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) A. Measurement of residual urine after urination B. Relief of urinary retention C. Convenience for the nursing staff or the client's family D. Presence of an open perineal wound on clients roommate E. Routine collection of an urine specimen

Don clean gloves to remove the dressing

A nurse is planning to change an abdominal dressing for a client who has an incision with a drain. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Support extremities above and below joints

A nurse is planning to perform passive range of motion for a client who is immobilized. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Assist the client to the left Sims' position.

A nurse is preparing to administer a soapsuds enema to an adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Check the client's medical record for the provider's prescription

A nurse is preparing to administer an enema when the client states, "My doctor didn't tell me I was supposed to receive an enema." Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

D. Close the curtain and cover the client during the procedure

A nurse is preparing to perform a urinary catheterization for a client. The client tells the nurse that she is concerned about her privacy during to obtain a urine specimen the procedure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to alleviate the client's concern? A. Explain the procedure to the client B. Gather the equipment necessary before starting the procedure C. Obtain assistance so the client does not become resistant to the procedure D. Close the curtain and cover the client during the procedure

B. Keep the bath water's temp. between 43.3°C (110* F) and 46.1 C (115° F) C. Check the bed linens when removing them for personal items D. Shave the client's hair in the direction of the hair growth

A nurse is providing hygiene care for a client who is Immobilized. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.) A. Place a clean gown on the strongest arm first B. Keep the bath water's temp. between 43.3°C (110* F) and 46.1 C (115° F) C. Check the bed linens when removing them for personal items D. Shave the client's hair in the direction of the hair growth

D. "I should tell the nurse if I can't control my pain with this device

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is receiving morphine via a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) infusion device. Which following statements by the client Indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I'll be careful about pushing the button so I don't get an overdose." B. "I will ask my family to push the dose button when I am asleep." C. "I should only use the device when it's absolutely necessary." D. "I should tell the nurse if I can't control my pain with this device.

After insertion, getting urine and then advancing 1 1/2 inch more

A nursing student has been assigned the insertion of an indwelling catheter to a male client. When should the student inflate the balloon during the insertion of the catheter?

With clamp closed fill the enema container with solution, then open clamp and allow tubing to fill with solution

A nursing students is administering a water and soap solution enema to a client. Which of the following steps should the nurse perform prior to administering enema?

Deflate catheter balloon

A nurşe has an order for the removal of indwelling catheter. What is the correct nursing intervention to prevent injury before removing the catheter?

referred

A patient has pain in the left arm secondary to coronary insufficiency. This is an example of what type of pain?

Muscarinic antagonists

A patient has vagally induced bradycardia (slow heart rate). This will relieve the bradycardia.

Pain is subjective for the patient

A patient reports to the nurse that he is experiencing a moderate amount of back pain rated 6 out of 10 on the pain scale. What should the nurse recognize about this assessment?

peristalsis

A progressive wavelike movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body, especially in the alimentary canal, to propel fluids, gas, and digestive substances forward.

pericardium

A slinglike membrane surrounding the heart

Attached to a nonmoveable part on the side of the bed

After the catheter is secured in the bladder, the catheter taped, and the drainage bag hung, the drainage tubing should be:

small intestine

Although food is digested throughout the alimentary canal, up to 90% of digestion is accomplished in here.

Goiter

An enlargement of the thyroid gland, which may or may not be functioning normally.

Fimbrae

As the mature ovum leaves the ovary it is caught by this structure

68 - 74 degrees Fahrenheit

Before giving the client a bath, the nurse assures that the room temperature is between:

-At bedtime -Upon waking up in morning - At least every hour -Before each meal

Bladder training is initiated on a patient acute care setting. When should preparing for discharge to home from an voiding times be scheduled?

brown in color soft, formed consistency

Characteristics of normal stool?

Throclear

Cranial nerve IV. responsible for downward and inward eye movement

FACIAL Nerve

Cranial nerve VII. responsible for contraction of muscles of facial expression

VAGUS

Cranial nerve X. responsible for slowing of heartbeat, acceleration of peristalsis

hypoglossal

Cranial nerve XII. responsible for tongue movement

Evaluation

Determine if goals met and outcomes achieved

two

During a lifetime, a person will have how many sets of teeth?

1-3 days

Each patient has an individual pattern of defecation, but they should have a bowel movement at least every___to ___days.

-Touch -Pressure -Heat -Cold

Encapsulated nerve endings in the dermis are the receptors for:

The Crimean War

Florence Nightingale applied principles of nursing she learned in Germany during:

Assessment

Gather information about the patient's condition

-pain -temperature -touch -proprioception -pressure

General senses includes?

2-4 inches (5-10 cm) ONCE URINE FLOW IS ESTABLISHED insert 1 ½ inches farther (3.5cm)

How far does a catheter have to be inserted into a female?

Atleast twice a day

How often should the nurse cleanse the meatal-catheter junction of a patient with an indwelling catheter?

From the meatus outward

How should the nurse cleanse the meatal opening when performing male perineal care?

Inserting the upper denture first

How will the nurse correctly replace a patient's dentures after cleaning?

Diagnosis

Identify the patient's problems

Sitz bath

Immersion of the buttocks and perineum in a small basin of continuously circulating water is called:

efferent (motor)

Impulses are carried away from the brain and spinal cord

Hamstring

In a sprint race Jeremy burst out of the starting block and ran hard down the track. About 20 meters into the race he suddenly felt a sharp pain along the back side of his right thigh. Wincing, he slowed down and hobbled to a stop. What muscle or muscle group has Jeremy likely injured?

-Divert urine flow to facilitate healing after surgery to urinary tract -Introduce medications -Dilate some portions of the urinary tract

In addition to urinary drainage, why else might catheter be used?

iris

It is a pair of intrinsic eye muscles that control the amount of light that enters the eye

ENDORPHINS

It is a substances that produce by the body that attach to opiod receptors sites and prevent the release of neurotransmitters inhibiting the transmission of pain impulses. These substances are called?

cecum

It is the first part of the large intestine

Clara Barton

Nurse during the Civil War; founder of the American Red Cross

Implementation

Perform the nursing actions identified in planning

plasma proteins, especially albumin.

Plasma oncotic pressure is caused primarily by?

To make sure you are qualified to care for the pt

Purpose of taking the board exam

cholecystokinin

Secreted by the walls of the duodenum in response to the presence of fat.

Bile

Secretes by the liver lobule

Planning and identifying outcomes (goals)*

Set goals of care and desired outcomes and identify appropriate nursing actions

-smell -hearing -taste -sight -balance

Special senses includes?

right atrium

Systemic circulation occurs when blood is pumped from the left ventricle of the heart through all parts of the body and returns to the heart via the venae cavae to the:

mouth, anus

The alimentary canal extends from____ to the___.

a complete heartbeat

The cardiac cycle refers to

Practice independently to meet client's needs.

The characteristics, roles, and responsibilities of the vocational nurse includes of all of the following except:

cortisol

The chief glucocorticoid. which is a hormone that is secreted in greater amounts during times of stress.

Remove him from the sitz bath and assist him back to bed

The client recovering from a hemorrhoidectomy has been in the sitz bath for five minutes when he complains of dizziness. The nurse should:

-Clean from least contaminated to most contaminated -Cleanse the area around the skin with antiseptic swabs first -holding syringe 1 inch above wound

The correct principles of wound irrigation

d. peripheral

The cranial nerves are part of the____ nervous system. A. autonomic B. cranial C. central D. peripheral

Based on data obtained from the client assessment.

The cues and references that the nurse uses to choose a nursing diagnosis label are:

enteric nervous system

The digestive tract has a unique nervous network which regulates (gut) motility and secretion and is referred to as a second brain.

sympathetic nervous system

The division of the autonomic nervous system that is concerned with body functions under fight-or-flight is the?

sympathetic and parasympathetic

The dual innervation of the autonomic nervous system

flatulence

The elimination of gas that is produced during digestion and released from the anus.

chyle

The end products of fat digestion enter the lacteal, forming a milky-white lymph

pyloric sphincter

The exit from the stomach into the small intestine.

-salty -sour -sweet -bitter

The four taste sensations

Tilted with the foot of the bed down

The health care provider orders a patient to be placed in the reverse Trendelenburg's position. How should the nurse place the bed?

right side

The heart functions as two separate pumps. Which side receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs?

islets of Langerhans

The hormone secreting cells of the pancreas contain cluster of alpha and beta cells.

-malignant cells -allergens -toxins -pathogens

The immune system is a "built in" bodyguard. Which of the following elements is it guarding against?

Villi

The inner surface of the small intestines contain millions of tiny finger-like projections

hinge

The knee is an example of a ____ joint.

vena cava

The largest vein in the body that returns blood from the peripheral circulation to the right atrium is named

Subcutaneous (hypodermis)

The layer, located just below the skin that connects the skin to the surface muscles, is called:

quicker

The major advantage of patient using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is?

ovaries

The major sex glands that produce hormones in women.

less than 1%

The nurse Is trying to reassure a patient who is concerned about receiving addictive drugs. What percentage of patients become addicted to analgesics?

-Date and time -Type and volume of enema -Temperature of solution -Characteristics of results -How patient tolerates procedure

The nurse administers an enema to a patient as ordered. What should documented?

physiologic needs

The nurse checks the oxygen saturation of a client with pneumonia, the nurse is assuring which essential human need according to Maslow?

press the area gently to assess for blanching

The nurse discovers a reddened area over a patient's hip. What should be the nurse's first intervention?

2000

The nurse encourages a patient recovering from a hysterectomy to drink at least_______mL of fluid day?

20-30 minutes

The nurse explains that the purpose of a sitz bath is to reduce inflammation in the perineal and anal area. How long should a client remain in a sitz bath?

C. Blocks pain impulses

The nurse explains that transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) provides a continuous mild electric current to the skin. How does the TENS unit act to reduce pain? A. Warms the skin B. Blocks endorphin production C. Blocks pain impulses D. Distracts the patient

To avoid introduction of microorganisms

The nurse has an order for an indwelling catheter insertion on a new client. What is the primary reason for the nurse to use sterile technique?

To avoid introduction of microorganisms.

The nurse has an order for an indwelling catheter insertion on a new client. What is the primary reason for the nurse to use sterile technique?

independence

The nurse is assisting a patient to perform personal hygiene. What is the most important focus of the nurse when assisting this patient?

gate-control

The nurse is giving a backrub to a patient to relieve pain. What pain theory is the nurse using?

Tertiary intention healing

The nurse is instructing a patient who has a drain in a surgical wound. How will the nurse indicate that the wound will heal?

Sacral area

The nurse is performing a backrub for the client. To begin the backrub, the nurse starts at the:

"It allows the solution to flow by gravity to the colon"

The nurse is positioning a client in preparation for giving an enema. The patient asks, "Why do I have to lay on my left side?" The most appropriate response by the nurse is:

5th intercostal space midclavicular, on the left side

The nurse is preparing to auscultate the apical pulse. Where should the nurse place the stethoscope?

3-5 minutes

The nurse is providing a back rub to the client. To give an effective back rub, the nurse must massage for:

Clean from the urinary meatus down the catheter

The nurse is providing instructions to the nursing assistant on catheter care for the patient. An appropriate instruction is to:

Give a daily bath

The nurse is providing personal hygiene for a Hindu patient from India. What intervention should the nurse implement

Ensure It is not restricting chest wall expansion

The nurse is reapplying a chest binder for a client with fractured ribs. What precaution should the nurse take during this procedure?

30 degrees

The nurse lowers the bed to place the patient on the bedpan. The angle of the head of the bed should be raised to:

Held away from the uniform

The nurse must follow the principles of medical asepsis while making the patient's bed. One of these principles relates to the handling of linen. Soiled linen must be:

Subjective Data

The nurse obtains information from a patient about the site, severity, and duration of the pain. What type of data is this considered?

The point of pain or resistance

The nurse performing passive range-of-motion exercises. the client will move the joint through the ROM to:

Minimal scarring results

The nurse reminds the client that primary intention has a marked advantage over other phases of wound healing is that?

handwashing

The nurse tells the patient the most important preventive technique for interrupting the infection process is:

dura mater

The outermost layer of the meninges.

close to the thalamus in the brain

The pineal gland is located?

transport oxygen to the tissues

The primary function of a mature erythrocyte?

mastication

The process of chewing that breaks down food into smaller pieces and mixes with saliva.

COLLAGEN

The purple, raised, immature scar of a surgical wound is normal and caused by___formation.

Superior and inferior venae cava and coronary sinus

The right atrium receives blood from the:

first lumbar vertebra

The spinal cord extends from the brainstem to the:

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

The structure of the Nephron responsible for the reabsorption of water and solutes during urine formation

corpus callosum

The structure that divides the brain into two hemispheres

ophthalmology

The study of the eye

uterus and mammary glands

The target organs of oxytocin in the female

Muscle

The type of tissue composed of cells that contract in response to a message from the brain or spinal cord

right subclavian vein

Through which blood vessel does blood flow on its way from the right jugular vein to the coronary arteries?

There is full-thickness skin loss with a crater.

Upon inspection of a client's skin, a nurse identifies a stage 3 pressure ulcer on the sacrum. Which of the following statement by the nurse describes a stage 3 pressure ulcer?