M1 Chap3 M13
The fixed IPv6 header makes up the first ____ octets or 320 bits of the IPv6 packet.
40
The specifications for IPv6, including the header format, were established in RFC 1883, which was subsequently made obsolete by RFC ____.
2460
RFC ____ defines a method for differentiating services for network traffic using the six high-order bits of the byte that was formerly the 3-bit Precedence field and the first bit of the TOS field.
2474
In IPv4 the maximum time to live value is ____.
255
Which address type can the Source address field of an IPv4 packet header contain?
unicast
When is the Fragment extension header used?
when the transmitting device needs to send packets larger than the PMTU
The header can be between 20 and ____ bytes in length, with total packet size up to 65,535 bytes in length.
60
The last bit of the entire Type Of Service field is reserved and set at 0, as specified by RFC ____.
1349
There are ____ fields possible in the IPv4 header.
14
IPv6 jumbograms are specified in RFC ____ as a proposed standard.
2675
RFC ____ is the proposed standard for the Flow Label specification and defines the minimum requirements for this field.
3697
The IPv4 header options field provides additional IP routing controls. What is the boundary where the options must end?
4-byte boundary
Of the ff, which extension header can appear more than once for an IPv6 packet?
Destination Options
The ____ extension header provides a method for extending the IPv6 header to support options for packet handling and preferences.
Destination options
What happends to the value of the Identification field in a packet header if the packet is further fragmented?
Each fragment of the original packet maitains the original ID value in the header Identification field.
In IPv6, the ____ extension header should be used to encrypt data.
Encapsulating Security Payload
The fields of the Fragment extension header are almost identical to the IPv4 fragment fields except for the use of the ____ field.
Flags
The value in the 8-bit ____ field decrements by one each time it is forwarded by a network node, and the IPv6 packet is discarded if the value in this field reaches 0.
Hop Limit
RFC 2460 defines the recommended order in which extension headers should appear. Which extension header should appear first if it is present?
Hop-by-Hop Options
Jumbograms use the ____ extension header to add an alternate Packet Length field of 32 bytes.
Hop-by-Hop option
The ____ extension header is designed to carry information that affects routers along a path.
Hop-by-Hop options
For the IPv6 header Traffic Class field, what is the function does the Precedence field serve?
It allows an application to differentiate traffic types based on priorities.
What basic function does the IPv4 Header Checksum field perform?
It provides error detection on the contents of the IP header, minus the Checksum field.
In IPv6, each extension header is identified by a specific ____ value.
Next Header
The 8-bit ____ field specifies the header type of the header immediately following the IPv6 header.
Next Header
What is the purpose of the Precedence bits in the IPv4 header's Type of Service field?
Precedence is used by routers to prioritize traffic through router queues.
Currently, the routing extension header is designed to use only one option. Which option can it use?
Routing Type = 0
A network node that understands the Jumbo Payload option will process a packet as a jumbo-gram under what condition?
The Link-Layer framing indicates that additional octest exist beyond the IPv6 header.
If more than one extension header exists, how is this extension header identified?
The Next Header field points to the first extension header and, if others exist, the first extension header uses its own Next Header field to point to the next extension header.
If the routing extension header is present, what is the result in the pseudo-header?
The address in the Destination Address field is the final destination address.
how do forwarding nodes manage packets if a link MTU in the path reduces or becomes too small for the packet MTU size?
The forwarding node drops the packet and sends an ICMPv6 Packet Too Big message to the sending node.
The flags field in an IPv4 header can be set to different values, depending on fragmentation requirements. Of the ff, which is correct about the options that can be set in this field?
The values can be set to allow more framentation or prohibit more fragmentation, depending on the network's requirements.
In networking terms, a packet's ____ is the remaining distance that the packet can travel.
Time to Live (TTL)
The ____ field defines the length of the IP header and any valid data (although it does not include any data link padding).
Total length
The 8-bit ____ field is used by source network hosts and forwarding routers to distinguished classes or priorities in IPv6 packets.
Traffic class
The Type of Service field actually has two components: Precedence and ____.
Type of Service
Which of the ff service most requires DSCP EF?
VoIP
When is the destination Options extension header encrypted?
When it appears later in the packet
How does the Authentication extension header specify the true origin of an IPv6 packets?
by preventing address spoofing and connection theft
What is a valid proposed option for the IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options extension header?
jumbogram large payload options
IPv6 packet headers are much larger in size than IPv4 packet headers, even though the IPv6 header structure is less complex. What is the main cause of the size increase?
the larger IPv6 address space
In an IPv4 packet header, what does the value in the Internet Header Length signify?
the length of the IPv4 header
