Macro SOCW 5306

What are the four (4) categories of target identified by Richan? What are the implications for advocacy efforts of each type of target:

1. Active Allies: goal: to keep them engaged in the advocacy process and to provide them with supportive information in a timely manner. 2. Committed Opponents: very difficult to change this groups perspective. It is best to ignore this group and focus efforts to targets who might help advance your agenda 3. Uninvolved Individuals and Organizations:goal: obtain small, incremental commitments of support that might provide the foundation for more substantial commitments in the future. 4. The ambivalent: goal: get members to awknowledge the existence of the problem as the starting point of advocacy efforts.

What are the major components of a letter of inquiry? **NOT Yet graded

1. brief introductory description of the program's goals, 2. concise background discussion of the underlying issues the program intends to address (needs statement) 3. more detailed description of the proposed project, including the target population, program goals, output and outcome objectives, and methods of evaluation 4. proposed short-form budget and a time frame for implementing the project.

According to Richan, the potential targets of advocacy efforts fall into all of the following categories except: A. Committed opponents B. Clients or constituents affected by the advocacy issue C. Active allies D. Uninvolved individuals or organizations E. The ambivalent

B. Clients or constituents affected by the advocacy issue

The advantages of engaging in judicial advocacy includes all of the following except: A. The process is open to all B. The process is relatively simple to follow C. Judicial advocacy is usually less political than other forms of advocacy D. The rules apply to all people equally E. The right of appeal to a higher court exists

B. The process is relatively simple to follow

The process of advocacy includes work in all of the following activities except: A. Acquiring and allocating sufficient financial resources B. Determining how people think about a specific issue C. Providing services to the people affected by the specific issue D. Assessing the political context in which advocacy will occur E. Managing the flow, frequency, and format of information about the issue

C. Providing services to the people affected by the specific issue

According to Warren, "good communities" engage in all the following functions except: A. Socializing community members into the community's culture B. Regulating the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services C. Developing mechanisms to encourage social participation D. Establishing their boundaries in relationship to powerful external entities E. Providing community members with various forms of mutual aid and mutual support

D. Establishing their boundaries in relationship to powerful external entities

Service "outputs" refer to: A. The effects of a particular service or program on targeted clients or constituents B. The process by which an organization delivers a program's services C. The resources needed to implement a given program D. The units of service a program generates E. The consequences of a service or program on its funding sources

D. The units of service a program generates

French and Raven identified various types of power in organizations and communities. Which of the following pairs was not included in their classification? A. Personal and spiritual B. Intuitional and familial C. Reward and referent D. Coercive and expert E. Legitimate and information

B. Intuitional and familial

In determining under what circumstances it is permissible to lie in social work practice, all of the following factors should be considered except: A. The issue about which the truth is being violated B. The extent to which others have lied about the issue in the past C. The degree and purpose of the falsehood D. The availability of other options to serve the same purpose E. The likelihood that the community or organization's well-being will be harmed in the absence of using the deception

B. The extent to which others have lied about the issue in the past

The "5 P's" that comprise the essential components of an effective resource development strategy include all of the following except: A. Plan B. Promotion C. Price D. Profit E. Product

D. Profit

What are the "5 W's" in a press release?

Who, What, When, Where, and Why

Identify three (3) of the major contributions of macro social work practice to U.S. society

1. Black Lives Matter Campaigns 2. Dreamers Campaign 3/ The understanding and needs of mental illness ^^ expand more if question asked.

The main difference between a press advisory and a press release is: A. A press advisory notifies the media about a specific, one-time event such as a press conference B. A press release contains more information about a specific issue and is longer than a press advisory C. A goal of a press release is to attract more extensive media follow-up D. A press release generally follows specific style rules E. All of these

E. All of these.

What are the major differences between advisory and governing boards?

Governing boards: have legal sanction to manage the organization, accountable for all aspects of organization's operation, board determines members and bylaws, primary duties are policy making, legal oversight, fund-raising, and political/public relations Advisory boards: often required by law and appointed by the executive branch. purpose is to obtain citizen input into the organizations policies, procedures, or appointment process. have no legeal authority or responsibility for the operation of the organization. provide guidance to the executive on specific issues, programs, or projects. recommend improvements, additions, or consolidations.

What are the 10 steps. in the administrative rule-making process?

Origin, Authorization, Planning, Development of Rules, Internal Review, External Review, Revision and Publication of draft rules, Public participation and comment, Implementation, and Post-Adoption Activities

What is the overall purpose of electoral advocay? How does it affect the development of an electoral advocacy strategy?

The overall purpose if to get people to do one thing on one day in one place. Advocates need to figure out how people decide to vote and have the knowledge to not only get them to vote but to vote in the way of the advocate (Reisch, 2019, p.496)

What are the steps involved in voter registration and get-out-the-vote drives?

there are 10 steps: Learn the laws, Form a coalition, Identify the unregistered, Plan the drive, Recruit volunteers, conduct the registration drive, Disseminate publicaly on the candidate and the issues, educate new voters, get out the vote, and Evaluate the efforts after the election.

What are the four (4) basic decision-making styles in organizations? What are the key features?

1. Autoctatic 2. Bureaucratic 3. Consultative 4. democratic/participatory

An advocacy organization becomes a leader in an advocacy effort during which stage of its "organizational life cycle": A. Maturity B. Adolescence C. Renewal D. Adulthood E. Birth

D. Adulthood

The ethical principle of confidentiality: A. Is not an absolute B. May be violated to benefit a client, constituent, or third party C. Protects the people with whom we work D. Is a core ethical obligation of social work practice E. all of these

E. all of these

What is the purpose of a logic planning in program development? What are its major components? **. Not yet graded**

Reasons to use a logic model: 1. Promotes accountablility for outcomes2. Provider a common language3. Encourages ongoing refinement of the process4. Promotes enhances communication among stakeholders. Major Components: 1, Must define clearly each service in the programs2. Clearly stae how a program will devliver its services3. what measures of success the organization will adpot for the programdetails on the programs staffing patterns, budget, and non-personnel costs4. indicate hwo the organization plans to advertise the service to potential customers.

Identify three (3) forms of community practice:

1. Community Practice 2. Administration/Management and Policy Practice 3. Advocacy

What are the five (5) traditional means of conducting a community needs assessment? What are the pros and cons of each approach?

1. Interviewing Key informants Pros: relatively simple to organize and inexpensive to implement; added benefit of face to face contact which can strenghen a practitoner's relatonship with the community; generally receives a high response rate and increases the level of community involvement in the change process; encourages free exchange of ideas, open communication, and the expression of different perspectives on the community. Cons: data collected are both subjective, reflecting informant's biases, and selective, possibly creating a significant gaps in the information; may be difficult to identify informant and/or produce a list of key informants that represent the full range of community views 2. Organizing a community forum or focus group Pros: open to the public; generally easy and inexpensive to arrange; helps identify the community members taht are most likely to be interested in future involvement in a community change effort cons: difficult to obtain an audience that is representative of the community as a whole; views may be primarily those of a dominant group or faction in the community; may create unrealistic expectations among community members on the prospects for change. 3. Analyzing current "rates under treatment" Pros: data is usually readily available and inexpensive eto obtain; process itself helps increase awareness of community needs and provides a clearer background of what efforts are already under way to address them. Cons: risk of violating clien'ts confidentiality; determining what constitues a representative sample of the client population to avoid missing service gaps.; does not take into consideration services that community members receive from organizations outside the community; the approach assumes there is no untapped reservoir of clients. 4. Examining recent social indicators pros: can be obtained by the US Bureau of the Census or non-profit organizations; they are accessible to the public and are inexpensive to access on the internet; data can serve as a valuable tool to create a comprehensive index of community needs. Cons: indirect measure of community needs; data may not accurately reflect a communities views of pressing needs or service priorities. 5. Conducting a field survey Pros: effective survey involves the development, implementation, and evaluation of a questionnaire distributed and collected from a representative sample of community residents; potential to provide scientifically valid and reliable data; flexible; possibe to design a questionnaire to obtain specific data on a particular community need and the current extent of service utalization Cons: expensive and time consuming; sometimes surveys get low (and unhelpful) response rate even after considerable effort; people may be reluctant to share the type of confidential data that is useful; this method itself can make results suspect.

All of the following are core components of macro social work practice except: A. Diagnosing people's individual problems and developing plans for therapeutic intervention with them B. Designing and developing programs for agency-based services C. Developing alternative policy solutions to persistent social problems D. Engaging in social and political action E. Evaluating the effects of policies and programs on clients, communities, and organizations

A. Diagnosing people's individual problems and developing plans for therapeutic intervention with them

All of the following criteria have been proposed as the basis for resolving dilemmas involving the allocation of scarce resources in a community, organization, or society except: A. The merit or desert of potential recipients B. The value of recipients' past or potential future contributions C. The achievement of equal outcomes for all recipients D. The prioritization of the needs of the least advantaged E. The lengh of one's relationship with potential recipients

E. The lengh of one's relationship with potential recipients

What are the three (3) common dilemmas regarding the allocation of scarce resources in macro social work practice?

1. distribution of personal resources - how practitioners should address role conflicts, the risk of burnout, and the amounth of time they set aside for self care. 2. Organizational resources - program design, eligibility, benefits, and budgeting. 3. societal resources - Political, economic, and ideological factors.

The concept of "empowerment" incorporates all of the following dimensions except: A. the cultivation of people's "functional competence" B. The clarification of people's historic social roles C. The development of a more positive and potent sense of self D. The development of heightened critical consciousness about one's experience E. The acquisition of the material and non-material resources people require to attain their individual and collective goals

B. The clarification of people's historic social roles

In her research on inter-professional collaboration, Bronstein identified all of the following factors as contributing to their effectiveness except: A. The history of collaboration between the organizations B. The degree of gender balance each organization possesses in its staff C. The compatibility of the organizations' underlying values D. The distribution of workload responsibilities E. The degree of professional autonomy the respective organizations preserve

B. The degree of gender balance each organization possesses in its staff

The dimensions of a community include all of the following except: A. Its physical boundaries B. The shared identity of its residents C. The degree of its demographic and cultural homogeneity D.Its administrative structure E. Its relationship with internal and external subsystems

C. The degree of its demographic and cultural homogeneity

Value conflicts in social work practice emerge for all of the following reasons except: A. Social workers often struggle to resolve the differences among the multiple dimensions of values B. Social work practice often deals with conflict-ridden, ambiguous issues C. The multicultural environment in which practice occurs produces critical differences over value priorities D. Social work education stresses the development of "hard skills" divorced from their connection to values E. Social work's professional aspirations often conflict with its stated mission and values

D. Social work education stresses the development of "hard skills" divorced from their connection to values

The roots of macro social work practice can be found in the following period: A. The "New Social Movements" of the 1960s B. The response to the dramatic cutbacks that occured during the Reagan Administration C. The Great Depression and the New Deal D. The Progressive Era E. Reconstruction after the Civil War

D. The progressive Era

Cultural values and norms serve all of the following functions in a community except: A. They provide guidance as to what behaviors are acceptable or unacceptable B. They define our individual and collective identity C. They draw boundaries between those whose are "in" and those whose are "out" D. They ensure that all human service organizations act in a similar manner E. They are reinforced with a variety of rituals

D. They ensure that all human service organizations act in a similar manner

Which of the following are functional arenas of all human service organizations: A. Administration and Management B. Staffing C. Marketing D. Governance E. All of these

E. All of these

What are some common meeting problems? Identify some strategies to overcome these problems.

1. poor use of time - a way to overcome this is to have a clear agenda and stay on topic. If something comes up in meeting that should be discussed, write it down and either talk about it at the end of meeting (time alloted) or send a follow up email with the information that asked for. 2. frequency of meetings - sometimes meeting occur too often distrupting other tasks or deadlines. To combat thing, only schedule meetings maybe once a month with new information or changes. in between monthly meetings if something requires urgent action, either an email with a response required or a quick follow up "hey this is new" (should take less than 10 min) face to face occur. 3. lengh - keeps meetings as short as possible with the information that needs to go out. Tasks and deadlines still need to be taken into consideration. For example at my work, my clinical supervisor likes to start with icebreakers which most of us case managers find to be a waste of time. We know each other and sitting in the 1.5 hour meeting that could have been 20 min feels pointless so when we do start to talk about the critical items, no one is paying attention anymore.

Global studies of leadership found that all of the following are desired qualities of a leader except: A. Cultural compatibility with those one is leading B. Optimism, dynamism, and confidence C. Trustworthiness, fairness, and honesty D. Intelligence and decisiveness E. Foresight, motivation, and dependability

A. Cultural compatibility with those one is leading

Reaching consensus about a difficult issue or action step means: A. The group unanimously supports the decision it made B. Between two-thirds and three-quarters of the group agrees with the decision C. The group agrees to revisit the decision at a future meeting D. The group agrees that members may express their disagreement with the decision outside of the meeting E. The group agrees that members who disagreed with the decision do not have to support it actively

B. Between two-thirds and three-quarters of the group agrees with the decision

Domhoff identified the three components of all change efforts as: A. Dissatisfaction, Divergence, and Development B. Marginalization, monopolization, and misanthropy C. Analysis, alternatives, and action D. Crisis, coalition, and consensus E. Revolution, reaction, and reorganization

C. Analysis, alternatives, and action

The major principles of a "learning organization" include all of the following except: A. Reciprocity B. Membership C. Competition D. Learning E. Demand Driven

C. Competition

All of the following are key roles in task-oriented groups except: A. Timekeeper B. Note taker C. Historian D. Facilitator E. Reporter

C. Historian

Patricia Hill Collins discusses four domains of power. These include all of the following except: A. Hegemonic B. Interpersonal C. Psychological D. Structural E. Disciplinary

C. Psychological

All of the following are features of an organization's culture except: A. Official statements of its vision, mission, and goals B. Its personnel practices C. The current morale of its staff D. Its formal and informal methods of communication E. The manner in which it uses its social capital

C. The current morale of its staff

A major purpose of joining a coalition is: A. To divert attention from an organization's past failures B. To boost the morale of an organization's staff C. To "borrow" power from coalition partners D. To change the focus of an organization's mission E. To acquire additional material resources

C. To "borrow" power from coalition partners

All of the following are among the many factors that influence the ability of organizations to develop effective social programs except: A. The ways in which they aquire and allocate critical resources B. The clarity of their vision, mission, and goals C. The organization's decision-making processes D. The needs of the community in which they are located E. The organization's culture and climate

D. The needs of the community in which they are located

Identify the correct statement about the relationship between macro social work practice and power. A: An overarching goal of macro social work practice is to reverse various processes of disempowerment B: Macro social workers attempt to instill a sense of individual and collective competence in the people with whom they work C: Macro social workers believe it is important to reassert the dignity and worth of all people D. B and C E. A, B, and C

E. A, B, and C

The distribution of power in an organization is reflected by: A. Who controls its tangible resources B. Who has the authority to make critical decisions about agency policy C. The amount of individual discretion workers possess in their practice D. A and B E. A, B, and C

E. A, B, and C

All successful coalitions, regardless of their demographic composition: A. Meet regularly and communicate consistently through multiple means B. Establish clear rules and procedures about decision-making C. Provide different types of incentives to coalition members D. Maintain the independence of each coalition partner E. All of these

E. All of these

What are some ways the Code of Ethics has different implications for macro social work practitioners?

1. Social or community (not individual) change is primary goal of macro social work practice. 2. clients are viewed as constituents. Most interventions require partnerships. 3. Both workers and constituents must develop critical consciousness about sources of issues. 4. Worker may be a member of community. 5. Ethical conduct is often situational.

What are some of the barriers that exist in organizing a community? What steps can community practitioners take to reduce or eliminate these barriers?

1. The "let George do it" attitude: a way to reduce this barrier would be to organize an election of sorts to appoint leaders that will speak for smaller groups within the community. 2. Apathy: Allowing these individuals who think their opinion doesn't matter time to speak to those appointed as leaders or those implementing change on not only what they are feeling but possibly what they think the community is lacking to include them 3. Prestige Seekers: publish a community newsletter in a community app or website that give those looking for "their name in the paper" to be published without having to continually validate verbally 4. The "I'm better thatn you are" feeling: create open communicate and delegate speakers for "blocks" or "sections" of the communities or neighborhoods. Implement respectfulness towards all those in the community. Don't allow prejudice or racism into decision making. 5. Vested interests: dicuss not only what adding certain things would do for the community but don't shy away from the cons. Allow those fearful of change to express their concerns and take them into account when implementing change. 6. intense specialization: if groups or community divides are needed, create a communication thread to allow everyone to communicate with each other as well as a seperate thread for questions, concenrs, and complaints. I also like the idea of using a program with assigned TO;DOs (think Monday.com) and collums that can indicate not started, needs help, in progress, and completed to ensure lack of coordination or duplication. 7. lack of time: allow those that need help to ask for it without being subjected to punishment for accepting a task in the first place. possibly have a team of people willing to step in to help as needed. 8. the autocrativ approach: (i suffer from this sadly. I know I can and will do it right so I might as well just do it) Something that I have implemented to myself is asking groups if they would mind me doing the very last steps of a project which is usually the fine tuning and incoroporating everyones hard work. This give me some control but also allows everyone else to have input and say into how things are done, researched, etc. 9. inferiority complexes: start creating community days or events that will attract those in the community but possible outsiders to start to think of that community as something other than what they find negative. 10. lack of "know how": organizer can ask skill set and explain how certain things are done. enourage to try. 11. the "dreamless peace": ask them what their ideal community would be. In a world with no restrictions. Try to get them to dream about change. even if it is a world made of candy, open that possiblity of dreaming - and if it is a world of candy, maybe think about bringing a candy emporium or creation classes to the community.

According to Mulroy, what are the three (3) reasons the structure and resources of an HSO are constantly changing?

1. the aforementioned porous boundaries of the HSO 2. The organizational life cycle, which is partially a response to environmental influences 3. the need to active collaboration with other organizational entities to survive and thrive in its environment.

What are the three (3) primary dimensions of empowerment in social work practice?

1. the development of a more positivie and potent sense of self, individually, and collectively. 2. the construction of a more critical comprehension of the web of social and policical relations that comprise one's experienced environments. 3. The cultivation of resources and strategies, or functional competence, which are required for the efficacious attainment of personal and collective sociopolitical goals.

What are some of the major issues confronted during coalition-building? How can a social worker overcome these challenges to build successful coalitions?

1. worry that differences among coalition members or competition over goals, strategies, and leadership could paralyze the group and impede the joint efforts 2. worry about possible drain of energy and time from their organization and that the costs of participation outweigh the benefits. 3. worry that other memebers will not pull their weight. 4. etc. The way social workers can overcome these challenges could be ongoing personal contact with members, regular meetings and communications, keeping the big picture in mind, among other things.

A community assessment includes all of the following steps except: A. Obtaining guarantees of support from powerful business and political leaders B. Developing a community profile C. Soliciting the perspectives of community residents D. Identifying community resources and assets E. Establishing priorities for change with the community

A. Obtaining guarantees of support from powerful business and political leaders

All of the following concepts emerged from critical theory except: A. Separation/Individuation B. Intersectionality C. Conscientization D. Social Construction E. False consciousness and Critical Consciousness

A. Separation/Individuation

All of the following reflect the interpersonal aspects of an organization's culture except: A. The size of its personnel budget B. The condition of its physical space C. The attention it pays to work/life balance D. The diversity of its staff E. The manner in which it distributes material and non-material rewards

A. The size of its personnel budget

A logic model: A. Helps social workers and social work students understand how to apply complex organizational theories to macro practice B. Assists organizations in the calculation of the social costs of a particular program or service C. Provides a graphic representation of the relationships between program inputs, outputs, and outcomes D. Enables macro social workers to overcome the subjective impact of emotional responses to critical community issues E. Looks exclusively at the economic consequences of a particular planning decision

C. Provides a graphic representation of the relationships between program inputs, outputs, and outcomes

In advocacy work, the "dilemma of perception" refers to: A. The different perspectives on an issue held by influential policymakers B. The problem of framing an issue clearly in a diverse political and cultural environment C. The inhibiting effect that a realistic framing of an issue might have on the public's perception of its causes D. The challenge of getting sufficient public attention for an issue in today's complex and hyper-partisan media environment E. The limited attention span of the public or policymakers about an issue because so many issues are competing for their attention

C. The inhibiting effect that a realistic framing of an issue might have on the public's perception of its causes

It is important for advocates to monitor the process of policy implementation for all of the following reasons except: A. To determine whether the implementation of the policy inadvertently stigmatized its intended beneficiaries B. To analyze whether the policy's implementation distrubuted benefits other than to those for whom it was originally intended C. To increase advocates' credibility and influence in the eyes of the public and policymakers D. To assess the fit between the original social problem and the intended and actual goals of the legislation designed to solve it. E. To ensure greater accountability in the enforcement of the policy

C. To increase advocates' credibility and influence in the eyes of the public and policymakers

The difference between an organization's vision statement and its mission statement is: A. Who is involved in drafting the statements B. How often they are revised C. Whether it describes a desired end state or what the organization is about D. The respective lengths of the statement E. The extent to which the statements reflect social work values

C. Whether it describes a desired end state or what the organization is about.

An example of paternalism in macro social work practice is: A. Providing constituents with regular updates on an advocacy effort B. Testifying on behalf of constituents at a legislative hearing C. Providing technical assistance to a new community organization D. Deliberately withholding information from community residents for their own good E. Training new staff in the guiding philosophy of the organization

D. Deliberately withholding information from community residents for their own good

Different definitions of social justice include all of the following except: A. Equity of outcomes B. Unequal distribution based on status or productivity C. Equality of rights D. Identity of all human beings E. Equility of opportunities

D. Identity of all human beings.

An ideal board of directors includes individuals with all of the following qualities except: A. Familiarity with the community the organization serves B. Individuals with expertise in law, finance, and accounting C. Individuals with political influence D. Individuals with degrees in social work or another human service discipline E. Individuals who can acquire resources for the organization

D. Individuals with degrees in social work or another human service discipline

Tips for successful media interviews include all of the following except: A. Keep your sentence short B. Vary your cadence C. Control the agenda D. Make the issue personal E. Use colorful language in describing the problem or issue

D. Make the issue personal

When deciding whether to collaborate with other organizations in the delivery of a program or service, the following factors need to be considered: A. What are the respective obligations of the participating organizations B. What level of participation is expected of the participating organizations C. Whether the collaborative will determine which clients can be served D. Whether the organization will have to clear all new hires with the collaborative E. A and B

E. A and B

What are the three (3) primary dimensions of empowerment theory?

1. Development of a more positive and potent sense of self 2. construction of a more critical understanding of environmental factors that influence one's contect and life experience 3. Cultivation of resources and competence required to attain personal and collective goals.

What are some forces that are driving increased collaboration within the human services field?

1. congressional legislation, such as the 2010 Affordable Care Act. 2. spread of managed care programs beyond the health care arena to fields such as public child welfare. 3. a related factor is the spread of case management.

What are the three (3) steps in individual, group, or community capacity-building?

1. consciousness-raising: individuals begin to see the connections between solutions to their personal problems and broader social and political causes. 2. Self-assertion of individual and group interests 3. Bootstrapping: process by which small, collective victories lead to a willingness and ability to challenge larger problems.

An emerging alternative view of leadership describes it as: A: An inherited quality B: A culturally ascribed characteristic C: A socially constructed concept D: An adaptable form of behavior E: An immutable attribute

D: An adaptable form of behavior

The five (5) skill areas of macro social work practice include: A. Management skills B. Analytic skills C. Political skills D. Engagement skills E. All of these

E. All of these.

All of the following are examples of a structural functionalist theory except: A. Pluralist theory B. Social movement theory C. Ecological theory D. Systems theory E. Marxist theory

E. Marxist theory

What is goal displacement in an HSO? Give an example.

"Goal displacement refers to the phenomenon when an organization's means to its desired end becomes ends in themselves" (Reisch, 2019, p.88). An example could be a HSO prioritizing the needs of the staff over the clients they serve. This can be shown in resources, agency location or programs, etc. Reisch, M. (2019). Macro Social Work Practice: Working for Change in a Multicultural Society (Vol. 1). Cognella.

According to Wallach, what are the three (3) basic elements in framing an issue in the media?

1. statement of concern or diagnosis 2. statement needs to provide a clear rationale as to why the issue is a serious concern 3. Advocates need to impart int heir issue framing a clear proposal for what they seek to achieve and a prognosis on the effect "of success."

All of the following factors need to be taken into account when considering whether to join a coalition except: A. Whether potential coalition partners have worked together previously in another coalition B. Whether pooling resources would benefit the coalition's members individually and collectively C. Whether conditions in the social and political environment are favorable for the formation of a new coalition D. Whether potential coalition partners share common interests E. Whether potential coalition partners share similar perspectives on the need for the changes the coalition would pursue

A. Whether potential coalition partners have worked together previously in another coalition

Sissela Bok's guidelines for whistleblowers includes all of the following except: A.The whistleblower must have worked for the organization for at least several years B. The whistleblower must have specific evidence C. The whistleblower's accusation must refer to an immediate and current situation D. The whistleblower should exhaust all channels for internal remedies first E. The whistleblower's accusation must arouse the ethical sense of the audience

A.The whistleblower must have worked for the organization for at least several years

All of the following are among the various definitions of power except: A: The ability to predict the strategies of one's opponents B: The ability to determine alternatives C: The ability to realize one's values in the world D: The ability to recognize one's will even against the resistance of others E: The ability to enforce one's moral claims

A: The ability to predict the strategies of one's opponents

Shaw proposes all of the following rules for successful ballot initiative campaigns except: A. Keep the campaign's message clear and simple B. Link the ballot initiative campaign to a parallel campaign for elective office C. Appeal to voters self-interest D. Deterimine whether there are other ways to produce the change you desire E. Involve those most affected by the issue in the campaign.

B. Link the ballot initiative campaign to a parallel campaign for elective office

All of the following are important components of issue framing except: A. Putting a "face" on the issue B. Targeting the audience whose support is guaranteed C. Developing a clear, distinct, and consistent message about the issue D. Using diverse presentation styles before different audiences E. Employing unlikely allies to help persuade undecided audiences

B. Targeting the audience whose support is guaranteed

The two most critical resources in any electoral campaign are: A. An attractive candidate and a compelling message B. The people involved in the campaign and the funds to support it. C. An effective campaign strategy and an up-to-date targeting analysis D. Favorable media coverage and effective campaign ads E. An effective voter registration and get-out-the-vote effort

B. The people involved in the campaign and the funds to support it.

Feminist models of planning are different in that: A. They pay less attention to the need for material resources B. They challenge the traditional dichotomy between experts and stakeholders C. They devote more time to identifying concrete objectives than to process D. They rely exclusively on qualitative methods of data collection E. They ignore issues of power in the planning process

B. They challenge the traditional dichotomy between experts and stakeholders

The effectiveness of a program refers specifically to: A. How well the organization is using resources to meet its goals and objectives B. Whether the program is meeting its intended goals and objectives C. The impact a program or service has on a given population or community D. The extent to which the program reflects the organization's stated values E. The impact the program's outcomes produce on society's perception of the problem or issue the program is designed to address

B. Whether the program is meeting its intended goals and objectives

The relationship between a nonprofit human service organization and a state or federal government agency is characterized as: A. A "horizontal relationship" B. A "transformative relationship" C. A "vertical relationship" D. A "historical relationship" E. An "informal collaboration"

C. A "vertical relationship"

According to Lappe and DuBois, all of the following traits can help social workers increase individual and group power except: A. Ability to analyze the self-interest of those with whom you are negotiating B. Active listening skills C. Persistence D. Cultural compatibility E. Courage

D. Cultural compatibility

Nonprofit human service organizations obtain the majority of their resources from: A. Federated sources such as the United Way B. Charging fees for their services C. Fund-raising events and direct mail appeals D. Government grants and contracts E. Various for-profit activities

D. Government grants and contacts

Organizations perpetuate their culture in all of the following ways except: A. The use of intimidation rituals to weed out "deviants" B. How they select and reward staff C. The orientation of new staff to its rituals, norms, and behavioral expectations D. Serving the same types of clients year after year in a consistent manner E. Assigning mentors to new hires

D. Serving the same types of clients year after year in a consistent manner

The most stable potential funding source for an organization's program is: A. An annual fundraising event B. Membership fees C. Annual allocations from the United Way D. Fees for service E. A government grant or contract

E. A government grant or contract

The following type of organization is most likely to reflect an organic structure and operate through a collective or cooperative model: A. An organization that delievies health care to the aged B. A self-help organization C. A Charter School D. A mutual aid society E. B. and D.

E. B and D

The types of media that are most accessible to low power, low budget groups are: A. Ads on television, radio, or the internet B. Earned media (eg. new's stories) C. Paid public services announcements D. Social Media E. B and D.

E. B and D.

A major problem for advocates with using social media is: A. It is accessible and easy to use B. It fosters a sense of immediacy and breadth of contact with the audience C. It produces weak ties with the audience D. It is difficult to bridge the digital divide E. C and D

E. C and D

Examples of past successful macro practice efforts include: A. The social reforms passed prior to World War I B. New Deal policies, such as Social Security, developed by the Roosevelt Administration in response to the Great Depression C. The Community Action Programs created during the 1960s War on Poverty D. The recent development of services for immigrants and refugees E.. All of these

E. all of these

What are the three (3) steps involved in assuring high quality outcomes? * Not yet graded*

1. Establishing Clear Standards: This is a promise the organization makes to the community, the people it serves, and to funders. It establishes the expected performance level by which others can assess the organization. These standards must be measurable, timely, accurate, and meaningful. 2. Measure performance: Assessing how well the standard is being met through some form of data collection 3. Maintain standards: Addressing the differences between goals and actual performance. Closing the gap.

Identify three (3) of the five (5) core practice competencies of socially just macro social work practice:

1. The creation of a personal vision of social justice goals 2. A focus on the centrality of interpersonal relationships 3. The ability to apply critical contextual analysis

The development of a media strategy requires advocates to address all of the following questions except: A. What is the nature of the problem or issue? B. What is the history of the problem's development? C. What is the policy solution desired? D. Who has the power to make necessary changes? E. Which groups must advocates mobilize through the media to apply the necessary pressure on policymakers?

B. What is the history of the problem's development?

An effective op-ed essay contains all of the following elements except: A. A statement of the problem or issue B. An interpretation of the causes of the problem or issue C. A solution to the problem or issue D. A brief bio of the author and why the author is interested in the issue E. A vivid example of the effects of the problem or issue

D. A brief bio of the author and why the author is interested in the issue.

What are the six broad values or ethical imperatives in the NASW Code of Ethics?

1. service - putting the needs of the people with whom we work above self-interest. 2. social justice - challenging social injustice and working for social change on behalf of vulnerable and oppressed populations. 3. dignity and worth of person - being respectful, mindful of differences and cultural and ethnic diversity, and promoting the self-determination of all people. 4. importance of human relationships - engaging people in the helping relationship; empowering individuals, communities, and organizations. 5. integrity - being trustworthy and practiceign in a manner that is consistent with social works mission, values, and ethics. 6. competence - demonstrating a commitment to competent practice and ongoing professional development.

According to Tilly, all of the following factors influence the likelihood of a group taking collective action except: A. The Experience it has engaging in similar types of action in the past B. The amount of power it possesses C. The extent of the group's shared interests D. The intensity of the group's organization E. The ability to mobilize its members

A. The Experience it has engaging in similar types of action in the past

A leader in an authoritarian organizational culture is more likely to: A. Expect little effort from the organization's staff B. Concentrate almost exclusively on achieving results at the expense of interpersonal relationships C. Be overly concerned about staff's satisfaction with their work D. Allow the organization to "drift" from its stated goals and objectives E. Adopt non-controversial positions

B. Concentrate almost exclusively on achieving results at the expense of interpersonal relationships

Gutierrez lists all the following as features of multicultural human service organizations except: A. Its programs and practice emphasize empowerment and praxis B. It serves a diverse array of clients C. It focuses on social change and social justice D. It links its work to external networks around common themes E. It takes action to shape public policies and public opinion

B. It serves a diverse array of clients

Many meetings are unsuccessful for all of the following reasons except: A. Most social workers have little training in how to run a meeting B. Meetings are a traditional but unnecessary part of organizational life C. Workers in human service organizations often hesitate to take charge D. Many meeting lack a clear agenda E. Meetings are often too long and occur too often

B. Meetings are a traditional but unnecessary part of organizational life

The United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights establishes three sets of rights. These are usually categorized as: A. Individual rights, family rights, and community rights B. Negative rights, positive rights, and collective rights C. Individual rights, social rights, and environmental rights D. Historic rights, current rights, and future rights E. Religious rights, secular rights, and universal rights

B. Negative rights, positive rights, and collective rights

The responsibilities of a board of directors include all of the following except: A. Selecting and supervising the chief executive of the organization B. Selecting and supervising key staff of the organization C. Ensuring that the organization has adequate resources D. Engaging in financial oversight of the organization E. Enhancing the public's perception of the organization

B. Selecting and supervising key staff of the organization

The concept of ideology refers to: A. A specific set of values to guide one's social work practice B. The theoretical foundation one uses as the basis for social work practice C. A unified worldview that is systematic and coordinated D. A framework for resolving ethical dilemmas in practice E. The moral basis of social work practice

C. A unified worldview that is systematic and coordinated

The most critical parts of a meeting are: A. The overview of the agenda and approval of the minutes of the last meeting B. An update of vital, current developments in the organization C. Action and discussion items D. Setting the date and time of the next meeting E. Welcome and introductions, especially of new members

C. Action and discussion items

According to Kahn, a democratic, community-based planning model reflects all of the following values except: A. Readiness to delegate authority to act based on trust in people B. Egalitarian forms of decision-making C. Caution in its approach to risk-taking D. Use of a variety of planning devices E. Efforts to make the underlying values of the planning process explicit

C. Caution in its approach to risk-taking

The major goal of a political campaign is: A. Winning an election B. Mobilizing a community around an issues or issues C. Determined by the specific context of the campaign D. Cultivating increased political awareness in the community E. Building an organization for future campaigns.

C. Determined by the specific context of the campaign

In assessing media coverage of an issue, advocates should ask all the following questions except: A. In what different ways did the media frame the issue? B. What underlying assumptions did these framings reflect? C. How did the public respond (via comments, tweets, etc.) to these framings? D. How did the media convey the various framings used? E. What facts did various media emphasize or exclude in framing the issue?

C. How did the public respond (via comments, tweets, etc.) to these framings?

According to Mills, a theory of change addresses all of the following issues except: A. Where a society or community stands in relation to its history B. How dominant or subordinate groups develop in a society C. How new leadership emerges in a specific social context D. How the features of the current environment differ from those in the past E. How the theory addresses the structure of a particular organization, community, or society as a whole

C. How new leadership emerges in a specific social context

A major difference between a bureaucratic organization and a collective organization is: A. The community in which it is located B. The type of clients it serves C. Its decision-making model D. The demographic characteristcs of its staff E. The various ways in which it acquires resources

C. Its decision-making model

A recent study determined that social work students who are enrolled in all macro practice areas combined comprise: A. A majority of all BSW and MSW students B. An increasing proportion of all social work students C. Less than 9% of MSW students D. The same percentage of social work students as they did 50 years ago E. Far more female than male students

C. Less than 9% of MSW students

Most people get their information about social issues primarily from: A. Facebook and Twitter B. Op-Ed Essays and Editorials C. Local TV Stories and newspaper articles D. Blogs and podcasts E. Letters to the editor

C. Local TV Stories and newspaper articles

The small cluster of houses or apartment buildings around one's own home is called: A. A "homogeneous neighborhood" B. A "regional neighborhood" C. An "institution-oriented neighborhood" D. An "immediate neighborhood" E. A "personal neighborhood"

D. An "immediate neighborhood"

What are some of the non-traditional resources Lappe and DuBois identified that can increase individual or group power?

1. active listening skills 2. ability to analyse the self-interest and respective power positions of individuals, groups, and institutions with which you are negotiating. 3. knowledge of existing policy options and the process by which goverments choose among them. 4. Diciplined behavior in critical, conflict-oriented settings 5. vision - the ability to articulate alternatives to existing problems and not just complaints 6. the ability to bring together groups with different experiences and perspectives. 7. the ability to develop innovative ideas to solve long-standing problems 8. persistence 9. appropriate use of humor to defuse tense situations and to help people overcome fear 10. courage - tha ability to take risks and "speak truth to power" when necessary 11. the ability to be self-critical and self-effacing, particulary when working with diverse populations. 12. organization - spontaneity is good, but usually cannot sustain organizational momentum.

Case advocacy refers to: A. An intervention on behalf of an individual, family, or group to assist them in securing a needed service or resource B. Work in the judicial arena to influence how a court rules on the constitutionality of a specific policy or program C. A model of practice that combines the delivery of a concrete service with public education about a specific issue D. Intervention on behalf of multiple groups of clients, potential clients, or constituents to address issues that affect the entire population E. Efforts to use the media to influence policy by making a case before the public and influential policymakers

A. An intervention on behalf of an individual, family, or group to assist them in securing a needed service or resource

Which of the following statements about effective meetings is true? A. The group should strive to create an environment that recognizes that everyone's contribution is important B. The group should strive to ensure that everyone present at the meeting speak for the same amount of time C. The group should strive to avoid the introduction of controversial issues that are difficult to resolve D. The group should be flexible in defining what good attendance and punctuality mean E. The group should establish fixed roles to ensure continuity

A. The group should strive to create an environment that recognizes that everyone's contribution is important

Key Factors to consider in weighing whether to engange in judicial advocacy includes all of the following except: A. The prior experience of your organization or group with judicial advocacy B. The time and cost involved C. The risks involved if you lose D. The nature of the remedy sought E. The extent to which judicial advocacy will help support other advocacy effors

A. The prior experience of your organization or group with judicial advocacy

All of the following developments have recently affected the environment of macro social work practice except: A. Econonmic Globalization B. Changes in the Core Values of the Social Work Profession C. The Demographic Transformation of U.S. Society D. The Spread of Digital Technology in Social Work Practice E. The increasing influence of Social Media in U.S. Politics

B. Changes in the Core Values of the Social Work Profession

The legal requirement referred to as the "duty to warn and protect" was established by which of the following judicial decisions: A. Brown v. Board of Education B. Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California C. Jaffe v. Redmond D. Goldberg v. Kelly E. Roe v. Wade

B. Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California

All of the following represent future challenges for macro social workers except: A. Inter-organizational competition for scarce resources B. The ongoing privatization of social and health care services C. The declining need for social services D. Heightened political partisanship and social divisions E. The persistence of racism, sexism, and homophobia

C. The declining need for social services.

All of the following are forms of direct advocacy except: A. Providing expert testimony to a legislative committee B. Drafting a bill on behalf of a legislator C. Writing an op-ed piece for a local newspaper D. Initiating a legal action on behalf of clients or constituents E. Meeting with state agency directors to influence the development of their annual budgets

C. Writing an op-ed piece for a local newspaper

The primary difference between an advisory board and a governing board is: A. The number of persons on the board B. The qualities of the board members C. The length of the terms board members serve D. The legal authority board members possess E. The method by which board members are appointed

D. The legal authority board members possess

Obstacles to effective monitoring of the policy implementations process include all of the following except: A. THe difficulty of tracking clients who drop out of the system B. The difficulty of identifying unforseen or underestimated barriers to people's utilization of a new policy or program C. The wide variation in methods of policy implmentation in the decentralized politcal syste in the U.S. D. The need for advocay organization with liminted budgets to "move on" to other pressing policy issues E. The difficulty of dishtigushing between a policy's short and long term effects

D. The need for advocay organization with liminted budgets to "move on" to other pressing policy issues

The first step in the budgeting process is: A. To obtain the perspectives of board members and key stakeholders B. To project the organization's revenues or income for the coming fiscal year C. To determine which revenue sources to pursue in the year ahead D. To list the organization's program goals and objectives for the coming year and estimate their costs E. To evaluate the effectiveness of existing programs and services

D. To list the organization's program goals and objectives for the coming year and estimate their costs

A major difference between theories derived from structural functionalism and those based on conflict theory is: A. The country in which it emerged B. Its analysis of the institutional arrangements of a society C. The extent to which they emphasize the role of individual actors D. Whether they focus on the maintenance of social stability or the forces that produce various forms of social inequality E. Whether they have been incorporated into the concepts that guide macro social work

D. Whether they focus on the maintenance of social stability or the forces that produce various forms of social inequality

The success of an inter-organizational collaboration involves all of the following factors except: A. Whether the collaboration complements the goals of the respective organizations B. How open the organizations are to cooperation with each other C. Whether the organizations share common missions and values D.Whether the staff of the organizations are demographically similar E. The existence of trust among key members of the organizations

D.Whether the staff of the organizations are demographically similar

What are some key components of advocacy etiquette ("do's" and "don'ts")?

DO: return phone calls, let them posture, be self-critical (Blow the whistle on yourself), Educate enemies, find funding ideas, Rely on leadership and legislatuve "Champions", be honest, frame the issue clearly and tailor it differently for each target, keep the message as simple as possible, admit ignorance and followup quickly if needed, be polite and postive, use political capital frugally, and practice! DONT: Embarras public officials in public, threaten anyone, lie or "fake it", write anyone off, rely on numbers alone in counting votes, forget your longterm overall goals, be [long-wind, self-righteous, rude, threatening, or demand anything], mention more than one bill at a time, remind legislatures you are a taxpayer, be [apologetic, vague, or deceptive], write only to those who agree with you, assume the legislator is an expert, give up.

What are the four major "grand theories" of social change? Who were their original proponents?

1. Origin of modern Conflict Theory - Marx 2. Influence on Theories of social movements and organizational change - Dukheim 3. Influence on Pluralist theories of change and rational choice theory - Mill 4. Influence on organizational theories and therories of leadership and leadership succession in organizations - Weber ^^ Exapand on answer

What are the major differences between transformative and transactional leaders?

"Transformative leaders inspire and stimulate the people with whom they work" (pg. 173). Transactional leaders are known to be managers as they focus on supervision, organization, and group preformance.

What are the four major management styles? What are their implications for practice in HSOs?

1. Impoverished/Laissez-faire culture: they provided minimal effort and has little concern for staff; they are doing just enough to keep their job. Our text states that these types of managers can be found when a organization is on the decline. 2. country club/paternalistic culture: this manager is attentive to their staff's needs, satisfying relationships, and the work culture but at the espense of the clients or constituents. 3. authoritarian/Autocractic Culture: this manager is controlling, demending, and overpowering. They concentrate on achieving results however that comes at the expense of their staff's needs, relationships, and job satisfaction. They can use their staff in an effort to get ahead and promote their own self image. 4. team/high performance culture: high degree of teamwork and participation. manager is open-minded, felxible, and inspires being involved. They lead by example and embody the organizations values daily.

What are the three (3) types of behavioral theories of community? What are their practice implications?

1. Social Learning Theory: people learn from one another through observations, imitation, and modeling - helps explain the behavior of community members who reproduce long-standing roles, customs, and values.concepts include respondent, operant, free-rider 2. Efficacy Theory: focus on the extent people believe in their competence to effect personal and political change in their environment.concepts: individual and collective, personal, and political efficacy, learned helplessness, and cognitive liberation 3. Social Exchange Theory: explains the proccess of community, organizational, and societal change and stability. Concepts: focus on self-interest, power-dependence in relationships

Identify three (3) steps an organization can take to empower its staff.

1. enhance the quality of the physical environment of the workplace by paying attention to its appearance 2. personell benefits 3. provide staff with increased autonomy and responsiblity in determining how to do their jobs

In the evolution of modern Western theories of social change, all of the following made a major contribution except: A. John Dewey B. Max Weber C. Emilie Durkheim D. Karl Marx E. John Stuart Mill

A. John Dewey

What is the meaning of "opression"? What are some forms in which oppression appears in the U.S. Society today?

According to Mullaly as cited by Reichs (2019) "oppression is not merely a condition that individuals or communities experience on an interpersonal level whether through "micro aggressions," implicit bias, or the discriminatory practices of individuals and organizations" (pp. 27). Oppression is the "exploitation of people's labor" (pp. 27) with forms of oppression being "low wages and deplorable working conditions experienced by undocumented immigrants" (pp.27-28). Oppressed people are "vastly underrepresented in key-decision-making proccesses at every level of government" (pp. 28).

Bellah, et al refer to a neighborhood that has a high degree of collective capacity because of the social capital individual residents possess, but rarely exercises this capacity as: A. A "parochial neighborhood" B. A "lifestyle enclave" C. An "integral neighborhood" D. A "stepping stone neighborhood" E. A "transitory neighborhood"

B. A "lifestyle enclave"

Si Kahn suggests that the leadership development process in organizations needs to include all of the following steps except: A. Helping an individual acquire specific skills B. Familiarizing an individual with the history of the organization C. Expanding an individual's responsibilities within the organization through experience D. Allowing an individual to learn how to handle the demands of a leadership position E. Sharpening an individual's analytic ability

B. Familiarizing an individual with the history of the organization

The five basic types of human service organizations include all of the following except: A. Nonprofit or voluntary organizations (often referred to as NGOs) B. Individual proprietorships C. Private, for-profit organizations D. Public sector or governmental organizations E. Social enterprise organizations

B. Individual proprietorships

To maintain a successful multicultural and multiracial coalition, the participating organizations should do all of the following except: A. Make time to discuss the implications of racism and other forms of invidious discrimination for the coalition partners and the issues they hope to pursue B. Confront incidents of racism, sexism, and homophobia whenever they arise C. Avoid conversations about sensitive topics until the coalition members get to know each other better D. Create as many equal status positions as possible within in the coalition E. Make conscious efforts to recruit diverse members and leaders

C. Avoid conversations about sensitive topics until the coalition members get to know each other better

The major disadvantage of using a community forum to conduct a needs assessment is: A. The data collected are subjective and selective B. It risks violating people's confidentiality C. It is very expensive D. It is difficult to get a representative sample of the community to participate E. It is an indirect measure of a community's needs

D. It is difficult to get a representative sample of the community to participate

When making an initial contact with a community resident, if you are convinced you are not getting anywhere, the best response is to: A. Restate your desire to get some kind of commitment in a different way B. Keep asking questions as to why the person is reluctant to make a commitment C. Be increasingly assertive about the urgency of the issue you discussed D. End the contact as respectfully and quickly as possible E. Tell the resident that failure to act will have dire consequences for the community

D. End the contact as respectfully and quickly as possible

An organization's culture shapes: A. Its reward structure B. Its systems of accountability C. Its leadership style D. Its distribution of power E. All of these

E. All of these

What are the seven basic tasks of HSOs?

1. planning: setting goals, specifying strategies 2. Organizing: structuring roles and tasks 3. Human Resources: Hiring, training, developing staff members 4. Fiscal Management: Costing out staff, capital, operations 5. Directing: guiding, motivating, and supervising 6. Evaluating: measuring standards and outcomes 7. Resource Development: securing funds for programs. Research shows taht managers spend 2/3 of their time running meetings and securing funding.

The concept of systemic oppression refers to: A. The use of derogatory language when speaking about minority populations B. The institutional marginalization and exclusion of significant portions of a society's population C. The exploitation of people's labor and the restriction of people's life choices D. The preference for certain types of helping behaviors over others E. The prevalence of implicit bias in people's everyday behavior

B. The institutional marginalization and exclusion of significant portions of a society's population

According to Tropman, what are the main components of a meeting agenda and how should they be organized?

Tropeman suggests that the best meeting last between 90 minutes and 2 hours. The agenda should follow this template" 1. Welcome and introductions - 5% 2. Overview of agenda and approval of minutes - 5% 3. Update of vital, current developments - 15% 4. action items - 30% 5. discussion items - 30% 6. follow up and reminders of action steps - 5% 7. "good and welfare" - 5% 8. Set next meeting date and time - 5%