Macroglossia
Vascular Malformation
- 35% assoc with skeletal changes -importantn signs: thrill, bruit, warmth, pain, bleeding, ulceration, tooth mobility
Neurofibromatosis
---> >2 signs inc. >6 cafe au lait, >2 fibromas, genetic history, >2lisch nodules
Lymphangioma
-Diffuse v. cystic malformation of lymph system -tongue i the most common site
Uncommon causes of macroglossia
-Hyperplastic foliate paiplla (lingual tonsil) - pic -irritation fibroma -Pyogenic granuloma
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
-an overgrowth syndrome MACROGLOSSIA -umbilical hernia, cytomegaly of adrenal corex, renal medullary dysplasia, postnatal somatic gigantism, mild microcephaly, severe hypogycemia, neoplasms
Hemangioma
-banches on pressure -vascular tumor of infancy
Cretinism
-congenital hypothyroidism (Myxedema in adults) -mandible underdeveloped, maxilalry overdeveloped, short cranial base -tongue enlargement secondary to edema, delayed tooth eruption/exfoliation -intellectual disabilita, retarded somatic growth, generalized edema -progressive infiltration of skin & mucous membranes by glycoaminoglycans
Granular cell tumor
-dorsal tongue common probably derived from nerve tissue
Lingual thyroid
-ectopic thyroid tumo in tongue -33% have hypothyroidism
Hamartoma/Christoma
-hamar- normal tissue, chorist-abnomal place for normal tissue -may be associated with a syndrome like oro-facial-digitalis
Down Syndrome
-relative macroglossia
Common causes of macrogrossia
-trauma -congenital
Storage diseases (mucopolysaccharidosis)
hurler syndrome -short, coarse facies, decreased IG, depressed nasal bridge, open mout, enlarged lips, widely spaced teeth -localized area of bone destruction -Enlarged dental follicle may cause delay of teeth eruption