Macroglossia

Vascular Malformation

- 35% assoc with skeletal changes -importantn signs: thrill, bruit, warmth, pain, bleeding, ulceration, tooth mobility

Neurofibromatosis

---> >2 signs inc. >6 cafe au lait, >2 fibromas, genetic history, >2lisch nodules

Lymphangioma

-Diffuse v. cystic malformation of lymph system -tongue i the most common site

Uncommon causes of macroglossia

-Hyperplastic foliate paiplla (lingual tonsil) - pic -irritation fibroma -Pyogenic granuloma

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

-an overgrowth syndrome MACROGLOSSIA -umbilical hernia, cytomegaly of adrenal corex, renal medullary dysplasia, postnatal somatic gigantism, mild microcephaly, severe hypogycemia, neoplasms

Hemangioma

-banches on pressure -vascular tumor of infancy

Cretinism

-congenital hypothyroidism (Myxedema in adults) -mandible underdeveloped, maxilalry overdeveloped, short cranial base -tongue enlargement secondary to edema, delayed tooth eruption/exfoliation -intellectual disabilita, retarded somatic growth, generalized edema -progressive infiltration of skin & mucous membranes by glycoaminoglycans

Granular cell tumor

-dorsal tongue common probably derived from nerve tissue

Lingual thyroid

-ectopic thyroid tumo in tongue -33% have hypothyroidism

Hamartoma/Christoma

-hamar- normal tissue, chorist-abnomal place for normal tissue -may be associated with a syndrome like oro-facial-digitalis

Down Syndrome

-relative macroglossia

Common causes of macrogrossia

-trauma -congenital

Storage diseases (mucopolysaccharidosis)

hurler syndrome -short, coarse facies, decreased IG, depressed nasal bridge, open mout, enlarged lips, widely spaced teeth -localized area of bone destruction -Enlarged dental follicle may cause delay of teeth eruption