Macromolecules- Section 2.3
peptide
Bonds that connect amino acids.
20
How many amino acids exist to make proteins?
polypeptide
The polymer composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
simple sugar
another name for a monosaccharide. Glucose is an example
complex carbs
another name for a polysaccharide. Starch is an example.
Smallest unit of matter
atom
Smallest unit of life
cell
hydrolysis
the process of breaking apart a polymer using water
dehydration synthesis
the process of making a polymer that involves the removal of water
polymerization
the simple term for making a polymer, where monomers are bonded together. Requires energy!
monomer
the small repeating units that make up polymers
unsaturated
A fat that contains at least one double bond between carbons. usually liquid at room temperature.
saturated
A fat with no double bonds. solid at room temperature.
macromolecule
A very large organic molecule.
glucose
An example of a monosaccharide.
Organic matter is something that....
Contains carbon. Examples include proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates
protein
Macromolecule group that is responsible for growth and repair of tissues, building structures within the body, acting as an enzyme to help speed up chemical reactions. Made up of monomers called amino acids
carbohydrate
Macromolecule group used as your body's primary energy source. Made up of monomers called monosaccharides (simple sugars)
lipid
Macromolecules that act as your body's secondary energy source, store energy for later usage, and are important in maintaining your cell membrane. Made up of monomers called glycerol and fatty acids.
nucleic acid
Macromolecules that are used to store and transmit genetic information. Made up of monomers called nucleotides.
nucleotide
Monomer of nucleic acids.
monosaccharide
Monomers of Carbohydrates
amino acid
Monomers of protein
polymer
a macromolecule composed of smaller repeating units known as monomers
DNA and RNA
Two examples of nucleic acids
Cellulose and Starch
Two examples of polysaccharides
polysaccharide
a carbohydrate that is composed of many monosaccharide units joined together
Carbon
element found in all organic molecules, including all of your proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.