Macs 100 Exam 3
The news on television
-Camel News Caravan (Sponsored) -the turning point, an ideal, a goal for public interest -Newsreels
Media is the first protection of?
the Bill of Rights
1980s Changes in the Movie Business- New revenue streams
-home video -pay cable -product placement -product tie ins -strategic cross promotion
results of the Telecommunications Act
-major market conversion 1999 -"Mirror" broadcasts in 2003 (both signals running) -Full switch by 2006
Chinese censorship requirements for The Meg
-no swearing -representation requirements (China doesn't "look bad")
1980s Changes in the Movie Business- Media Synergies
-soundtrack -music videos (MTV) -Video games -Action figures/toys -fast food
What do focus groups gage
effectiveness and electability
TV is the site for what?
tech convergence like Xbox, PlayStation, Roku, AppleTv
The tipping point of Vietnam on CBS
"A Stalemate"
What is Netflix's brand?
"Our brand is personalization"
Jaws
(1975) -Based on a best seller -Brokered as a Talent Agency (IMC) Package -Increase in Promotion ($2.5 mil) -Strategic Summer release -$470 million global
DVD
(1997) -Digital efficiency -More information (on disk); less space required -Additional content
Walter Cronkite and Kennedy
(CBS) shoulder nation's grief; bringing nation together -Veitnam
Vertical integration
-Conglomerate owns production, distribution, exhibition -Franchises feed conglomerate's other divisions (music, TV, video) -Theatrical release as "loss leader": Most money made through licensing, ancillary markets, etc
The Meg (2018)
-Considered a full co-production under Chinese regulations. Domestic release for US and China
Wolf of Warrior 2
-Helped China surpass $7.5 billion in a single year -Surpassed US box office: $1.05 billion by Nov. 17 vs China's $1.4 billion -Government imposed "blackouts" of movie imports help box office -Blockbuster advice from Russo Brothers (Avengers 3 & 4) and featuring Frank Grillo ( Captain America" Winter Soldier)
Hollywood Made in China
-Hollywood films enter Chinese market after Chinese censors' approval -U.S. efforts to increase market quotas in China: "Exchanging freedom of expression for market access" -The demand for content from Hollywood & the requirements for accessing the Chinese market is shaping media -Additional footage for Chinese release; emphasis on Chinese cast
What did Fox News encompass
-Innovation: Patriotic identity -fewer reporters -pundits -personality driven -Rating success
Dr. Horrible's Sing-Along Blog
-Joss Whedon; July 2008 -$200,000 self-funded -"Hosted" by Hulu, sold on iTunes, DVD -Grossed $3 million
Youtube series to TV series
-Misadventures of an Awkward Black Girl -Broad City High Maintenance -Alternatino
"Inside the Binge Factory"
-More than $6 billion in debt during global expansion (Not Profitable)
Creating ideological "Niche Markets"
-Networks courted conservative pundits and failed -Created their own constructed ideological identity
How Broadcast Journalism Expanded
-Nightly broadcasts -Sunday morning
1980s Changes in the Movie Business- Effects of video
-Pan and scan -Video assist -Closer framing -Indie film stimulus -Porn industry stimulus
Password Sharing
-Potentially 300 minion viewers over 125 million subscribers -Definite possibility of shows with 30-50 million viewers
Misadventures of a Awkward Black Girl
-Producer brought in after ep. 4 -Kickstarter funded -$4k in 1 day; $56.2k raised -Social Media. Word of mouth -Insecure (HBO)
1970s-1980s Blockbuster Strategies
-Saturation Booking (releasing into many theaters at once) -strategic release date (summer; holidays) -Youth Market targeting -Special Effects/Technological Innovation -Saturation advertising (TV, Radio, Digital Forms) -Big opening weekend
FOX news and the daily show
-Seemingly different; share characteristics -both addressed niche market -audiences select their perceived accuracy -Both personality driven -partisan agenda and "adversarial press"
Amy McCarthy Hearings
-Self Sponsored -Government subcommittee on Red Infiltration -a media event
Blockbuster & Ancillary Markets Rules
-Source material supplies narrativity and intellectual property -Story can be continued -Adolescent (or formative) loner male hero; weak to heroic -Manichean universe of black and white, good and evil -Hero mirrors antagonist: internal struggle -Dazzling CGI and action sequences at regular intervals -Violence, but within PG-13 standards -"Happy ending" but also open ending for continuation -Non-carnal love story
1980s Changes in the Movie Business- Release "Windows"
-Theatrical -Home Video -Pay-per-view -Pay cable -Broadcast Television
Co-production filming of The Meg
-does not need to be imported under China's quota system -Right-holders (Warner/Flagship) share more from box office -Gravity Pictures handles release, bypassing the state-owned enterprises for quota films
1952 Stevenson vs Eisenhower
1952 U.S. presidential election The precedent was set... Eisenhower won
CNN
1980, Cable in 20% of households, Substantial losses
Netflix Timeline
1998- DVD rental and sales site- 925 titles 2007- streaming 2008-10- game consoles, internet tv, apple products 2013-Original shows (House of Cards, Arrested Development, Orange is the New Black) 2014- 50 million members globally 2015- First original film (Beasts of No Nation) 2016- 190 countries. Stranger Things 2017- 100 million members globally
How many DVD renters does Netflix still have?
2.7 million
Prime Time News Magazine Shows
60 minutes (1968-Present), Personality Driven, Emotional, Manipulative? -Popular, rating success
Telecommunications Act of 1996
Act that allows any communication business compete in any market against any other $$ for digital conversion
Iraq War
Crisis News, post 9/11 consensus, following government request to downplay effects of war, resistance counterargument, little antiwar coverage, firing critics
Lydon Johnson "Daisy"
Attack Ads was a controversial political advertisement aired on television during 1964 U.S. presenting election by incumbent president Lydon B. Johnson's campaign. One of the most controversial political advertisements ever made.
What about Attack Ads
Audiences don't like them but they work, drive down voting
Ted Turner
Billion owner, mid-80s profitability
Corporate bias
Business reporting at the expense of the labor issues, corporate crime and environmental damages
Edward R Murrow
CBD Radio, See it Now TV, Korea, Red Scare, Amy-McCarthy Hearings
Chinese box office compared to U.S. box office
Chinese box office exceeds US in the first quarter of 2018 Chinese= $3.17 billion U.S.= $2.85 billion
Alternatino
Comedy Central: Web 2015; Network 2019
20th century radio
Commercial Journalism, Objectivity, Consensus
The Medium Bias
Content chawed by the medium. Television generates an emotional connect (60 minutes) over analysis
DVR in 1999
Digital Video Recorder -Re-playable content stored as digital files -used for purchased or rented video -concerns from advertisers )fast forwarding through ads)
VCR
Disruption of "flow" -Time shifting; recording broadcasts; pre-recorded rentals -TV largely left out of pre-recorded market
Transmedia
Extends narrative beyond source media text -ex: Star Wars
The public interest
FCC Regulatory Mandate, beyond entertainment, educational journalism
National Election Coverage
Focused on politics not policy -entertainment -election fatigue
Campaign Ad spending for 2020
Forbes magazine estimated $6 billion
Agenda Setting
Framing what is address and left out in a story
Horse Race Coverage
Game instead of substance
TV on DVD
Huge breakthrough -X-Files s. 1 in 2000 -Rescue underperforming shows (family guy)
Official Bias
Journalism through "official channels" press secretary. White House sources -government sources set the agenda, "objective", less adversarial -refrain from tough questions and investigations -Deflect counter arguments to politicians
TV on DVD; DVD forming content:
LOST, arrested development complex rewatch able by design
International Netflix shows
Licensed shows can debut internationally as Netflix shows ex: Riverdale
Important shared moments on Newsreels
Moon landing, Challenger, OJ Trial
Netflix logic
More content lures new subscribers -Existing ones to watch more content -More Watching means more data -Less risk with future programming
Drawing expensive creatives
Murphy, Rhimes, Barris
"Netflix Show"
Netflix believes there is no such thing
Influential & Profitable Shows
Nightline, 20/20, Dateline
Netflix thoughts on publishing ratings
No upside because it is subscription revenue (sponsor-less)
Binge factor quote to better understand
One foot in Silicon Valley; one in Hollywood
Netflix most streamed original show
Orange is the New Black
Political Media Consultants
act as Ad agencies -campaign finance reform -pursuit of cost-free TV air time
Netflix's thoughts on their shows
Shows DON'T define our brand; our brand DOES NOT define content
Wolf Warrior 2 box office sales
box office $854 million -2nd highest grossing single market release (after Star Wars: The Force Awakens in the US)
Print medium
Print allows for detail, nuance. Reader sets the pace. Generates depth of understanding
The Newscast
Reading copy on location of World War II
Significance of the Reese's/Hershey product placement in ET
Reese's paid $1 million for placement, a $1 million investment paid $15-20 million in dividends -sales tripled in 2 weeks
Checkers speech
Speech from Nixon in 1952 when he was accused of improprieties relating to a fund established by his backers to reimburse him for his political expenses. this speech worked
Digitization
Streamlining distribution and consumption
Newsreels
Television turns to the movies
Macro-Industrial Forces
conglomeration -merger and acquisition -Integration of film, TV and home video -Streaming and other post-release distribution streams
Top 3 Streamed Shows on Netflix
The office Friends Parks and Recreation
Mittell: Convergence TV
Transformation from analog to digital in the 1990s
High Maintenance
Vimeo 2012 to HBO 2016-present
2007 Writer's Strike
WGA Strike: 12,000 TV and film writers -Issue: Corporate Ownership of Digital Content or Composition for Digital Content -California lost $2 billion and 37,700 jobs
Globalization
World looks to Hollywood for content
Broad City
Youtube 2009 to Comedy Central 2014-2019
Foreign Language Content
growth in foreign markets, needs to offer content made in their countries
DTV
hundreds of channels available
Pack Journalism
imitation and emphasis on sensationalism for ratings
Television medium
immediate, intimate, "Authenticity" without complexity
DVR/TiVo data harvesting
is for programmers and advertisers
What has changed from the old "pilot" model
it is outdated; almost every project goes straight to series now
Fox News
mid-1990s, graphics, "fair & balanced"
Example of ancillary markets
non-theatrical markets for feature films, like home video, television, Pay Per View, VOD, Internet streaming, airlines
Taste Clusters
programming based on massive viewer data. Targeting niche viewers
"Church and State"
public Affairs programming: documentaries (ex: "harvest of shame" and Civil Rights Coverage)
Examples of theatrical premium formats
ragedy; Comedy; Melodrama; and Drama
The public forum
the government supported, adversarial press
What has Netflix broken
the model of Ad Sponsored television programming
Media and Liberal Democracy
the reproduction of information, the informed electorate
Vietnam
the television war, profiles of the military and counter culture
DTV references
to new digital broadcasting standards -greater fidelity of sound and image (1996)