Management Chapter 10
introducing new information perspectives and models of behavior
Changing
supporting and reinforcing the new behavior
Refreezing
tonya sees her company eliminating jobs in order to reduce costs but the CEO was recently given a bonus of several million dollars. the likely cause of her resistance to the current organizational change is
a climate of mistrust
change that has already been experienced within the organization and is low in complexity, cost and uncertainty is known as ________ change
adaptive
a consultant with a background in behavioral sciences who can be a catalyst in helping organizations deal with old problems in new ways is called a(n)______________
change agent
in the ____ stage of lewins change model, employees are introduced to new information, new perspectives and new models of behavior
changing
what is a key aspect of the marketplace becoming more segmented and moving toward more niche products
companies are not restrained by shelf space because of the power of internet marketing
l'oreal decides to add a new line of gel nail polishes to its product line. this is an example of an _________ innovation
core
forces for change outside the organization
demographic characteristics, technological advancements, shareholder customer and market change, social and political pressures
organizational ______ is a set of techniques for implementing planned change to make people and organizations more effective
development
list the steps in the OD process
diagnosis intervention evaluation feedback
what are the two key aspects of execution
discussing hows and whats using questioning analysis
the process through which a product or service takes root initially in simple applications at the bottom of a market and then moves up , eventually displacing established companies, is referred to as _________
disruptive innovation
what is a demographic characteristice that is a force for change outside the organization
education
what contribute to resistance to change
employee characteristics change agent characteristics change agent - employee relationships
what are two practices managers can utilize in order to implement refreezing the third stage of lewins change model
encouraging employees to exhibit new change, additional coaching and modeling
list the first four steps of Kotters 8 steps
establish a sense of urgency create the guiding coalition develop a vision and a strategy communicate the change vision
T/F reactive change is planned
false
the creation of products, services, or technologies that modify those that already exist is called _____ innovation
incremental
hard work in a specific direction, hard work with direction change, curiosity, wealth and money, necessity, and combination of seeds are the six seeds of ______
innovation
organizations encourage ________ by providing three things : the right organizational culture, the appropriate resources, and the correct reward system
innovation
two myths about innovation
innovation happens in a eureka moment innovation can be systematized
______ is creating or making up something new, wheras _______ is the act of developing new and imaginative ideas into reality
innovation; creativity
change that involves moderate complexity, cost and uncertainty and is likely to trigger some fear and resistance among employees is known as ________ change
innovative
______ is a change that represents the introduction of a new practice to an organization but one that is not new tp the industry
innovative change
the second step in the OD process , ________ is the attempt to correct the diagnosed problems
intervention
what is considered to be the newest source of competitive advantage for companies competing in the global economy
knowledge
matters that can be addressed by organizational development
managing conflict revitalizing organizations adapting to mergers
when is organizational development most likely to be successful
multiple interventions management support goals geared to both short and long term affected by culture
a company that rewards employees that contribute to innovative change with bonuses is engaging in which aspects of fostering innovation
overcome employee resistance
a change in the way a product or service is conceived , manufactured or disseminated is known as an __________ innovation
process
when a change is made to a product or service that changes its appearance or performance, this is known as an __________ innovation
product
which type of change is the most complex and costly and is the most threatening to employees and managers
radically innovative change
change that is made in response to problems or opportunities as they arise is known as _____ change
reactive
what are two key aspects of turning a problem into an opportunity
recognizing a problem gain allies by communicting your vision
which steps in Kotters steps for leading organizational change correspond with the refreezing stage of Lewins Change Model
step 8
_________ is any machine or process that enables an organization to gain a competitive advantage in changing materials used to produce a finished product
technology
breakthrough products or services that do not currently exist and that are aimed at creating brand new markets and customers are known as _______ innovations
transformational
Creating the motivation to change
unfreezing
in which stage of lewins change model does a manager attempt to instill in employees the motivation to change by encouraging them to let go of attitudes that are resistant to innovation
unfreezing