Management
Unlike his previous manager, Blake's new manager gives employees the ability to make decisions about how to best handle customer service issues in individual stores. Blake's new manager has done which of the following?
Decentralized authority
What type of structure is composed of separate business units within which there are functions that work together to produce a specific product for a targeted customer?
Divisional
Which of the following is a key consideration for managers when designing an organizational structure?
External environment
When companies expand, what type of organizational structure do managers often use to ensure that each region of the country or area of the world is served by a self-contained division?
Geographic
Which of the following is one the three types of divisional structures?
Geographic structure
A high degree of of authority in an organization may result in managers losing sight of organizational goals and a lack of communication among functions and divisions.
decentralization or decentralizing
When a company begins to distribute decision making and other forms of authority across the organization, including lower level managers and non-managerial employees, it is in the process of ______ its authority. This helps reduce hierarchy in an organization.
decentralizing
The first step in organizational design, the process of determining how to divide jobs into the tasks that must be accomplished in order to provide customers with competitive goods and services, is job
design
The process by which managers decide how to divide the work into specific jobs tasks is job ____.
design
A ______ structure is composed of separate business units representing markets, geographic areas, or products.
divisional
In a(n) ______ structure, grouping can result in decreased teamwork and failure to cooperate and share information or knowledge with other divisions.
divisional
Product, market, and geographic structures are the three types of ______ structures.
divisional
When managers create organizational structures that divide the company into separate business units according to a specific type of product for a particular customer base, this is a ______ structure.
divisional
Most leaders of large organizations choose a ______ in order to create smaller, more manageable, units within the organization.
divisional structure
Reginald is designing how his unit's overall task of delivering products to customers will be done (i.e., which jobs will do what) in such a way as to encourage workers to perform at a higher level and be more satisfied. In designing these jobs, Jim's options are (a) job simplification, (b) job enlargement, and (c) job ______.
enrichment
True or false. A function is a task that individuals perform to accomplish their jobs.
false
True or false: Frank is the chief financial officer for a global manufacturing company. As CFO, he is responsible for managing the finance function. Frank is a line manager.
false
True or false: In organizations where employees and jobs are grouped by product, teamwork between product divisions often increases and helps the entire organization.
false
True or false: The divisional structure model describes the likely personal and organizational outcomes that will result from enriched and enlarged jobs.
false
True or false: The goal behind implementing a divisional structure is to create larger, more manageable, units within the organization.
false
True or false: When environments are rapidly changing and highly uncertain, the most flexible type of organizational structure is a market structure.
false
Paige works with a group of people who all possess similar skills and use the same type of technology to do their jobs. This an example of a ______.
function
In a matrix structure people are grouped by ______ and ______. (Choose all that apply.)
function product
Liaisons improve communication within the ______ and the ______.
function; organization
By moving to a more flexible structure, managers ______ over their different businesses.
gain more control
A ______ structure would be best when managers focus on the region or area in which they operate in.
geographic
If RST Soft Design, a software design company, has self-contained divisions in each of the regions of the countries in which it operates, then the company is using a ______ structure.
geographic
In every region of the country in which they operate, Silver Star Productions has divisions that are fully contained (each division has a complete set of all the functions necessary to produce the product). Silver Star Productions uses a ______ structure.
geographic
When organizations expand quickly at home and abroad, a structure is most appropriate.
geographic
The the complexity of an organization's structure, the greater is the need for coordination.
greater
From the CEO to the middle manager and down to the first-line manager, this chain of command describes an organization's ______.
hierarchy of authority
A differentiation strategy aimed at increasing the values customers perceive in an organization's goods and services usually succeeds best ______.
in a flexible structure with a culture that values innovation
If the sole purpose of Dasha's job is to coordinate activities across functions or divisions in order to achieve performance gains from synergy, she has a(n) role, akin to a liaison.
integrating
Organizational tools that managers can use to increase communication and coordination among functions and divisions are ______ mechanisms.
integrating
To prevent problems from occurring within an organization due to a lack of communication among divisions, it is important for managers to include into their organizational structure a variety of ______.
integrating mechanisms
The idea behind ______ is that increasing the range of tasks performed by a worker will reduce boredom and fatigue.
job enlargement
Ways in which managers can group tasks into jobs is: (Choose all that apply.)
job enrichment. job enlargement.
In a stable external environment, resources are readily available and uncertainty is low; therefore, ______ coordination and communication is necessary.
less
The purpose of the minimum chain of command is to create an organizational architecture that reduces the number of ______ in order to ensure that organizational resources are used most efficiently and effectively.
levels of authority
If a manager is in a direct chain of command and has formal authority over people and resources, this is a ______ manager.
line
Someone in the direct chain of command with formal authority over people and resources at lower levels is a ______.
line manager
The type of company structure that groups divisions according to the diverse needs of the customers that the company serves is a structure.
market
In a ______ structure, managers group people and resources by function and by product.
matrix
In a ______ structure, managers group people and resources simultaneously by function and by product.
matrix
Stella is grouped together with other engineers, but she is also grouped with those working specifically on the newest product that her company is developing. Since she is grouped in both ways simultaneously, she has to report to two different bosses. Stella's organization uses a ______ structure.
matrix
As an organization's structure becomes ______, its need for coordination among people, functions, and divisions to make the organizational structure work effectively and efficiently becomes more critical.
more complex
Creating, developing, and maintaining an organization's culture is the second principal issue in ______.
organizational design
Which of the following comprise organizational architecture? (Choose all that apply.)
organizational structure, culture, control systems, human resource management
A cross-functional team is useful in solving recurring problems because they are a(n) ______ integrating mechanism.
permanent
An important characteristic of the product team structure is that functional employees are ______.
permanently assigned to a cross-functional team that is tasked with redesigning a product or creating a new product to bring to market
A ______ structure is one in which each product line or business is handled by a self-contained division. In such a structure, the divisional manager is responsible for designing an appropriate business-level strategy to allow the division to compete effectively in its industry or market.
product
An organizational structure in which each product line or business is handled by a self-contained division is called a ______ structure.
product
In a ______ team structure, employees are permanently assigned to a cross-functional team and, as a result, retain the flexibility of a matrix structure, but do not have to report to multiple managers.
product
There are three types of divisional structures. When managers organize divisions around the type of goods and services they provide, they are using a structure.
product
According to the job characteristics model, ______ is the extent to which a job requires that an employee use a wide range of different skills, abilities, or knowledge.
skill variety
The manager responsible for a specialist function, such as finance or marketing, is a manager.
staff
Functional, product, geographic, market, matrix, product team, and hybrid are seven options for managers when choosing an organizational
structure
If both the marketing and merchandising departments share a common problem, the managers might form a(n) force to solve that specific problem.
task
When managers from various functions or divisions have a specific, mutual problem, they might meet to form a ______, also called an ad hoc committee.
task force
According to the job characteristics model, a manager can increase employee motivation by offering feedback and increasing: (Choose all that apply.)
task significance. skill variety. autonomy.
Too much ______ can lead to a decrease in communication across functions and divisions and cause a drop in the organization's performance.
decentralization
Which of the following is one of the advantages of decentralized authority?
Better recognition and response to customer needs
What is the integrating mechanism that brings together managers from relevant divisions to share problems to solve and report to their divisions the recommended solutions?
A task force
Identify examples of staff manager positions. (Choose all that apply.)
Advertising Information Technology Marketing
What power must managers have in order to make decisions about using resources to achieve organizational goals?
Authority
Jana is starting her own contracting business. Which of the following factors must she consider when designing the organizational structure and culture? (Choose all that apply.)
Human resources External environment Strategy Technology
What is the key role a manager plays when faced with the task of using the resources available to create new synergies and achieve organizational goals?
Integrating
What are the four types of integrating mechanisms that managers can use to increase communication and coordination among functions and divisions? (Choose all that apply.)
Integrating roles and departments Task forces Cross-functional teams Liaison roles
Kendra is deciding how to divide into specific jobs the tasks that have to be performed to provide customers with goods and services at her local sporting goods store. What process is Kendra performing?
Job design
What is the name for the role of managers who coordinate with other functions and form informal relationships to ease tensions between functions and divisions, allowing for relationship building among employees?
Liaison
How do cross-functional teams achieve organizational tasks?
Managers from different departments assemble to work together and gain a general interest in the organization's goals.
What is the organizational structure that is created to ensure that it serves the diverse needs of its customers?
Market structure
What are the moral values and beliefs that help employees establish norms and understand what is acceptable behavior toward each other and with those outside the organization?
Organizational ethics
What is the process managers use to create a structure of relationships among employees that maximizes their efficiency and effectiveness, allowing them to accomplish organizational goals?
Organizing
Which of the four managerial functions establishes the structure of working relationships among employees allowing them to achieve organizational goals efficiently and effectively?
Organizing
When deciding on an organizational structure, managers can choose which of the following to best suit their organizational needs? (Choose all that apply.)
Product Geographic Matrix Market
Which two of the following are the most flexible types of organizational structure? (Choose all that apply.)
Product team Matrix
What term refers to the number of subordinates who report directly to a manager?
Span of control
Jasper was the sales manager for three of his organization's retail outlets. What type of manager was he?
Staff
Which two of the following are factors that Charles Perrow said determine (a) whether or not a technology is routine and (b) its level of complexity?
Task analyzability, Task variety
When lower level managers and those who are not in managerial positions are allowed to make important decisions about the use of organizational resources, this is called ______ of authority.
decentralization
Charles Perrow said that task variety and task ______ determine whether or not a particular technology is routine and its level of complexity.
analyzability
Organizational ______ is the combination of organizational structure, culture, control systems, and human resource management systems that together determine how efficiently and effectively organizational resources are used.
architecture
An organization's hierarchy of refers to the relative authority of each manager.
authority
The power vested in a manager to make decisions and use resources to achieve organizational goals by virtue of his or her position in an organization refers to ______.
authority
When managers are given the power to make decisions and use resources to achieve organizational goals because of their position in an organization, this is referred to as ______.
authority
Decentralizing authority allows low-level managers and non-managers to ______.
be responsive to customer needs
To help managers make their employees' jobs more interesting and motivating, J. R. Hackman and G. R. Oldham developed a framework known as the job ______ model.
characteristics
What are the four factors that shape organizational culture? (Choose all that apply.)
characteristics of organizational members organizational ethics the employment relationship organizational structure
Very high levels of can actually hinder employees' ability to adapt to a changing environment.
cohesiveness or unity
According to the principle of the minimum chain of ______, top managers should always construct a hierarchy with the fewest levels of authority necessary to efficiently and effectively use organizational resources.
command
Mark has five employees who report directly to him. This number of employees is known as his span of
control
A ______ team is comprised of a group of managers from different departments who are gathered to perform organizational tasks. The goal of these teams is to expand the focus from departmental interests to the general interests of the organization for the sake of achieving organizational goals.
cross-functional
A permanent integrating mechanism such as a ______ can be used to address recurring problems effectively.
cross-functional team
Organization ______ is the shared set of beliefs, expectations, values, and norms that influence how the organization's members relate and cooperate with one another to achieve organizational goals.
culture
Organizational , which is the second principal issue in organizational design, is the shared set of beliefs, expectations, and values that influence how employees interact with each other and achieve organizational goals.
culture
In an organization, employees typically figure out how to relate to one another and cooperate to achieve organizational goals as a result of the shared set of beliefs, expectations, values, and norms that comprise the organizational
culture.
In a(n) ______ environment, it is critical to have increased levels of communication and coordination among people and functions in order to obtain resources.
unstable
