Marine Science chp. 13

the open ocean realm, away from land

oceanic

the open ocean environment, in general

pelagic

when carbon dioxide dissolves in water, the water becomes slightly more

acidic, its pH is lower

The following are primary consumers:

benthic invertebrates, copepods, krill

What is produced in primary productivity

carbohydrates

Which chemical element is usually in great supply for sustaining life in the ocean

carbon

the production of usable energy directly from inorganic molecules available in the environment is called

chemosynthesis

Which of the following is a primary producer:

detritus

Which of the following is never part of the carbon cycle? -carbonate rocks, -dissolved organic carbon, -shells and ooze,-each item can be in the carbon cycle

each item can be in the carbon cycle

A good "working definition" for life might be; "A highly organized system that can capture, store, and transmit ____ "

energy

in order to survive, every organism must have a continuous external source of:

energy

When things run down due to lack of sufficient energy is a condition explained with

entropy

the zone of lighted ocean in which marine autotrophs tap more energy than they use to stay alive is called

euphotic zone

the open ocean environment, over the continental shelves

neritic

the main inorganic nutrients necessary for the success of marine autotrophs are

nitrates & phosphates

Of the following, which is considered the top consumer: short fin mako shark, yellow fish tuna, emperor penguin, California seal

short fin mako shark

Most biologists and geologists now think life began on Earth about:

3.5- 4.2 billion years ago

the inventor of the system of biological nomenclature we use today was

Carolus Linnaeus

By using the word "commonality" to describe one of the basic attributes,of life, we mean:

all life shares certain basic underlying mechanisms within each individual

the latin word for "self nourishment" used to describe how an organism feeds is

autotroph

Living organisms are supported and sustained by huge nonliving chemical reserves, and there is a large scale transport of elements between the reserves & the organisms. This statement describes

biogeochemical cycle

a population of fish in an enclosed lagoon was threatened with overpopulation and stressed food supply until a number of predators discovered the population. After a time, there were fewer fish, but the average swimming speed of the population of fish had increased. This is a good illustration of:

natural selection

this element is a major component of biology that helps to build proteins and nucleic acids

nitrogen

"success" in biology means:

number of living offspring

the classical definition of species depends ultimately on:

reproductive isolation from other species