Mastering Biology Questions Chapter 4 (Exam 1)

Many researchers think that the first eukaryotic cells obtained energy for life-sustaining functions from organic compounds. Given this information, which of the following organelles most likely appeared last in eukaryotic cells? a. ribosome b. chloroplast c. plasma membrane d. nucleus

b

A certain cell has a dense nucleoid region, ribosomes, but no membrane-enclosed organelles. Based on this information, it could be __________. a. an archaean b. a Paramecium c. a yeast (fungus) cell d. a grasshopper cell

a

In order to best eliminate the chance for rejection, a tissue or organ should be made from cells obtained from which of the following? a. the patient b. a donor pig c. a sibling d. a cadaver

a

The nucleolus __________. a. is rich in ribosomal RNA b. contains the hereditary blueprint of the cell c. modifies substances made on the endoplasmic reticulum d. organizes the spindle fibers for cell division

a

Which of the following is most likely to receive a fabricated organ made from his own cells? a. pancreatic cancer patient b. bladder cancer patient c. thyroid cancer patient d. lung cancer patient

b

Which of the following clues would tell you whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic? a. whether or not the cell contains DNA b. the presence or absence of ribosomes c. whether or not the cell is partitioned into compartments by internal membranes d. the presence or absence of a rigid cell wall

c

Which of the following structure(s) is/are found in prokaryotic cells? a. nucleus b. endoplasmic reticulum c. ribosomes d. mitochondria

c

Digestive cells produce and secrete many enzymes that break down ingested food. These cells have a large number of ribosomes __________. a. on the Golgi apparatus b. in the cytoplasm c. on the smooth endoplasmic reticulum d. on the rough endoplasmic reticulum

d

One function of the central vacuole in plant cells is facilitating cell growth: the central vacuole absorbs water and increases in size, expanding the volume and size of the plant cell while doing so. Animal cells, however, do not grow by this method. What is an essential difference between animal and plant cells that could explain how a plant cell can withstand this expansion of the central vacuole? a. The plant cell wall provides a more rigid structure. b. Plant cells cannot divide. c. Animal cells have a similar organelle that produces the same effect as the central vacuole. d. Plant cells grow at a slower rate than animal cells.

a

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to _____. a. secrete a lot of material b. perform photosynthesis c. move actively d. make a lot of ATP

a

Ideally, the best scaffold for growing a replacement tissue or organ would be made of what? a. cotton b. extracellular matrix c. plastic d. silicon

b

If a fabricated windpipe is not receiving proper oxygen and nutrients, which of the following failed to properly regenerate? a. keratin b. blood vessels c. white blood cells d. mucus producing cells

b

A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum and eventually used to build a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the ER. The protein was probably altered in the _____. a. smooth endoplasmic reticulum b. nucleus c. Golgi apparatus d. mitochondrion

c

Where do scientists obtain adult stem cells? a. saliva b. pancreas c. skin d. bone marrow

d

Where would ribosomes be located that are responsible for producing enzymes which play a role in sugar metabolism? a. rough endoplasmic reticulum b. Golgi apparatus c. smooth endoplasmic reticulum d. cytosol

d

You have identified a new organism. It has ribosomes, plasmodesmata, and cell walls made of cellulose. This new organism is most likely a(n) __________. a. bacterium b. animal c. prokaryote d. plant

d