Math
Algebraid Equation
A mathematical sentence with two expressions that are equal to each other (3x+2=17)
Perfect Square
A number that has a whole number as a square root
Factor
A number that is multiplied by another number to find a product
Prime numbers
A number which can only be divided by itself and 1
Coordinate Plane
A plane that is divided into four regions by a horizontal line called the x-axis and a vertical line called the y-axis.
Irrational Numbers
Numbers that cannot be expressed as a ratio of two integers. Their decimal expansions are nonending and nonrepeating.
Coefficient
Numerical factor in a term that has a variable (ex. 16 in 16x)
What words relate to division?
Quotient, divide, split, each, equal parts, per, average, shared
Unit Rate
Rate with a denominator of one. Comparison of two values with different units where one value is equal to one (Ex. 60mph, 200 words per minute)
How many cups are in a pint?
2 cups
How many cups are in a quart?
4 cups
How many quarts are in a gallon?
4 quarts
How many ounces are in a cup?
8 ounces
Angle
A figure formed by two rays with a common endpoint
Unit Fraction
A fraction where the numerator is 1
Histogram
A graph of vertical bars representing the frequency distribution of a set of data.
Box Plot
A graph that displays the highest and lowest quarters of data as whiskers, the middle two quarters of the data as a box, and the median
Array
A large group of people or things
Expression
A mathematical phrase that contains operations, numbers, and/or variables.
Algebraic Expression
A mathematical phrase that may contain numbers, variables, and mathematical operations (ex. 3x+2)
Equation
A mathematical sentence that contains an equals sign.
Perfect Cube
A rational number whose cube root is a whole number.
Outlier
A value much greater or much less than the others in a data set
Expanded Form
A way to write numbers that shows the place value of each digit. (2x100)+(3x100)+(5x10)+(3x1)=2351
Composite Numbers
A whole number greater than 1 that has more than two factors.
Area of a Circle
A=πr²
Rational Numbers
Any number that can be written as a fraction or an integer
Prime factorization
Breaking down a composite number until all of the factors are prime
Circumfrence of a Circle
C=2πr
Composite Number
Can be evenly divided by a number other than itself and one
How do you multiply fractions?
Cancel or reduce if possible, then multiply straight across. Some people like to multiply straight across and then reduce.
Associative Property
Changing the grouping of numbers will NOT change the value. For example: (7 + 4) + 8 = 7 + (4 + 8) also works with multiplication
Ratio
Comparison of two quantities
Term
Constant, variable, or product of constant and variables
Base-10 Number System (Decimal system of naming numbers)
Decimal point that sets value of numbers based on their position related to it. Based on tenths
What words relate to subtraction?
Difference, less than, subtract, reduce, decrease, fewer, remain
Proportion
Equation involving ratios
Similar
Figures that have the same shape but not necessarily the same size
How to factor polynomials
First determine if there is a greatest common factor -> factor it out FOIL
Addition Property of Equality
If a=b, then a+c=b+c
Multiplication Property of Equality
If a=b, then ac=bc
What are the US customary units of length (shortest to longest)?
Inch Foot Yard Mile
Perpendicular Lines
Lines that intersect to form right angles
Corresponding Angles
Matching angles of two or more polygons.
Corresponding Sides
Matching sides of two or more polygons
Dependent variable
May change depending on how other variables change in the problem
Median
Middle number
Whole Numbers
Natural numbers ( counting numbers) and zero; 0, 1, 2, 3...
Real Number System
Natural numbers, whole numbers, integers, rational numbers, and irrational numbers
Constants
Number that cannot change its value (ex. 18)
What are the US customary units of Volume?
Ounce Cup Pint Quart Gallon
What are the US Customary Units of Mass?
Ounce Pound Ton
Order of Operations
PEMDAS
What words relate to multiplication?
Product, multiply, times, part of, twice, triple
Composing and Decomposing Numbers
Reveals the place value held by each number 0-9 in each position. Lays the foundation for visually picturing the number and its place value, and adding and subtracting multiple numbers with ease Ex. 17 can be decomposed into 10 and 7, 1 group of 10 and 7 ones.
Slope
Rise over run, change in y over change in x, M in the problem y=mx+b
Surface Area of a Right Rectangular Prism
S=2B+Ph
What words relate to addition?
Sum Plus Total Increase More than Combined In all
Distributive Property
Taking a factor and multiplying it through a given expression in parentheses a(b + c) = ab + ac
Like Terms
Terms that have the same variable with the same exponent
Remainder
The amount left over when one number is divided by another.
Quotient
The answer to a division problem
Absolute Value
The distance a number is from zero on a number line
Radical
The entire root expression
Reciprocal
The inverse of a number--flip the numerator and the denominator.
Least Common Denominator
The least common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions.
Dependent Variable
The measurable effect, outcome, or response in which the research is interested.
Multiplier
The number below in a multiplication problem
Divisor
The number by which another number is divided
Mulitiplicand
The number on top in a multiplication problem
Index
The number relating to the root (the number outside (left of) the symbol)
Dividend
The number that is being divided
Radicand
The number under the radical sign
Commutative Property
The property that says that two or more numbers can be added or multiplied in any order without changing the result.
Quantity of Interest
The quantity that must be solved for in a math problem
Multiples
The result of multiplying that number by an integer
Least Common Multiple
The smallest multiple (other than zero) that two or more numbers have in common.
Addition Property of Zero
The sum of any number and 0 is that number.
Place Value
The value of a digit based on its position within a number
Independent variable
They are not changed by other variables within the context of the problem
Number Line
Tool to compare numbers by showing where they fall in relation to one another
Volume of a Right Rectangular Prism
V=lwh
Independent Variable
Variable that is manipulated
Lowest Terms (Simplest Form)
When a fraction is expressed with the fewest possible pieces
Prime Number
Whole number greater than 1 that can only be divided by 1 and itself
Integers
Whole numbers and their opposites
Can a product be larger than the factors divided in a division problem?
Yes, when dividing by decimals
Can a product be smaller than the factors multiplied in a multiplication problem?
Yes, when multiplying by decimals
Numeral
a symbol used to represent a number
Commutative Property of Addition
a+b=b+a
Mean
average
What are the Metric Units of Mass?
g, kg, gram, kilogram, tonne
How do you divide fractions?
invert the second fraction (reciprocal) and multiply
Line
is straight (no curves), • has no thickness, and. • extends in both directions without end (infinitely).
Parallel Lines
lines in the same plane that never intersect
What are the Metric Units of Volume?
mL, L millilier, liter
What are the Metric units of length?
mm, cm, m, km millimeter, centimeter, meter, kilometer
Line Segment
part of a line with two endpoints
Range
the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution
Mode
the most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution