Math

Algebraid Equation

A mathematical sentence with two expressions that are equal to each other (3x+2=17)

Perfect Square

A number that has a whole number as a square root

Factor

A number that is multiplied by another number to find a product

Prime numbers

A number which can only be divided by itself and 1

Coordinate Plane

A plane that is divided into four regions by a horizontal line called the x-axis and a vertical line called the y-axis.

Irrational Numbers

Numbers that cannot be expressed as a ratio of two integers. Their decimal expansions are nonending and nonrepeating.

Coefficient

Numerical factor in a term that has a variable (ex. 16 in 16x)

What words relate to division?

Quotient, divide, split, each, equal parts, per, average, shared

Unit Rate

Rate with a denominator of one. Comparison of two values with different units where one value is equal to one (Ex. 60mph, 200 words per minute)

How many cups are in a pint?

2 cups

How many cups are in a quart?

4 cups

How many quarts are in a gallon?

4 quarts

How many ounces are in a cup?

8 ounces

Angle

A figure formed by two rays with a common endpoint

Unit Fraction

A fraction where the numerator is 1

Histogram

A graph of vertical bars representing the frequency distribution of a set of data.

Box Plot

A graph that displays the highest and lowest quarters of data as whiskers, the middle two quarters of the data as a box, and the median

Array

A large group of people or things

Expression

A mathematical phrase that contains operations, numbers, and/or variables.

Algebraic Expression

A mathematical phrase that may contain numbers, variables, and mathematical operations (ex. 3x+2)

Equation

A mathematical sentence that contains an equals sign.

Perfect Cube

A rational number whose cube root is a whole number.

Outlier

A value much greater or much less than the others in a data set

Expanded Form

A way to write numbers that shows the place value of each digit. (2x100)+(3x100)+(5x10)+(3x1)=2351

Composite Numbers

A whole number greater than 1 that has more than two factors.

Area of a Circle

A=πr²

Rational Numbers

Any number that can be written as a fraction or an integer

Prime factorization

Breaking down a composite number until all of the factors are prime

Circumfrence of a Circle

C=2πr

Composite Number

Can be evenly divided by a number other than itself and one

How do you multiply fractions?

Cancel or reduce if possible, then multiply straight across. Some people like to multiply straight across and then reduce.

Associative Property

Changing the grouping of numbers will NOT change the value. For example: (7 + 4) + 8 = 7 + (4 + 8) also works with multiplication

Ratio

Comparison of two quantities

Term

Constant, variable, or product of constant and variables

Base-10 Number System (Decimal system of naming numbers)

Decimal point that sets value of numbers based on their position related to it. Based on tenths

What words relate to subtraction?

Difference, less than, subtract, reduce, decrease, fewer, remain

Proportion

Equation involving ratios

Similar

Figures that have the same shape but not necessarily the same size

How to factor polynomials

First determine if there is a greatest common factor -> factor it out FOIL

Addition Property of Equality

If a=b, then a+c=b+c

Multiplication Property of Equality

If a=b, then ac=bc

What are the US customary units of length (shortest to longest)?

Inch Foot Yard Mile

Perpendicular Lines

Lines that intersect to form right angles

Corresponding Angles

Matching angles of two or more polygons.

Corresponding Sides

Matching sides of two or more polygons

Dependent variable

May change depending on how other variables change in the problem

Median

Middle number

Whole Numbers

Natural numbers ( counting numbers) and zero; 0, 1, 2, 3...

Real Number System

Natural numbers, whole numbers, integers, rational numbers, and irrational numbers

Constants

Number that cannot change its value (ex. 18)

What are the US customary units of Volume?

Ounce Cup Pint Quart Gallon

What are the US Customary Units of Mass?

Ounce Pound Ton

Order of Operations

PEMDAS

What words relate to multiplication?

Product, multiply, times, part of, twice, triple

Composing and Decomposing Numbers

Reveals the place value held by each number 0-9 in each position. Lays the foundation for visually picturing the number and its place value, and adding and subtracting multiple numbers with ease Ex. 17 can be decomposed into 10 and 7, 1 group of 10 and 7 ones.

Slope

Rise over run, change in y over change in x, M in the problem y=mx+b

Surface Area of a Right Rectangular Prism

S=2B+Ph

What words relate to addition?

Sum Plus Total Increase More than Combined In all

Distributive Property

Taking a factor and multiplying it through a given expression in parentheses a(b + c) = ab + ac

Like Terms

Terms that have the same variable with the same exponent

Remainder

The amount left over when one number is divided by another.

Quotient

The answer to a division problem

Absolute Value

The distance a number is from zero on a number line

Radical

The entire root expression

Reciprocal

The inverse of a number--flip the numerator and the denominator.

Least Common Denominator

The least common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions.

Dependent Variable

The measurable effect, outcome, or response in which the research is interested.

Multiplier

The number below in a multiplication problem

Divisor

The number by which another number is divided

Mulitiplicand

The number on top in a multiplication problem

Index

The number relating to the root (the number outside (left of) the symbol)

Dividend

The number that is being divided

Radicand

The number under the radical sign

Commutative Property

The property that says that two or more numbers can be added or multiplied in any order without changing the result.

Quantity of Interest

The quantity that must be solved for in a math problem

Multiples

The result of multiplying that number by an integer

Least Common Multiple

The smallest multiple (other than zero) that two or more numbers have in common.

Addition Property of Zero

The sum of any number and 0 is that number.

Place Value

The value of a digit based on its position within a number

Independent variable

They are not changed by other variables within the context of the problem

Number Line

Tool to compare numbers by showing where they fall in relation to one another

Volume of a Right Rectangular Prism

V=lwh

Independent Variable

Variable that is manipulated

Lowest Terms (Simplest Form)

When a fraction is expressed with the fewest possible pieces

Prime Number

Whole number greater than 1 that can only be divided by 1 and itself

Integers

Whole numbers and their opposites

Can a product be larger than the factors divided in a division problem?

Yes, when dividing by decimals

Can a product be smaller than the factors multiplied in a multiplication problem?

Yes, when multiplying by decimals

Numeral

a symbol used to represent a number

Commutative Property of Addition

a+b=b+a

Mean

average

What are the Metric Units of Mass?

g, kg, gram, kilogram, tonne

How do you divide fractions?

invert the second fraction (reciprocal) and multiply

Line

is straight (no curves), • has no thickness, and. • extends in both directions without end (infinitely).

Parallel Lines

lines in the same plane that never intersect

What are the Metric Units of Volume?

mL, L millilier, liter

What are the Metric units of length?

mm, cm, m, km millimeter, centimeter, meter, kilometer

Line Segment

part of a line with two endpoints

Range

the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution

Mode

the most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution