Mbio-16
in vivo and in vitro
Allergies can be diagnosed by ________ methods
may
Blood serum ________ contain preformed antibodies to A and B antigens without prior exposure to the antigens
basement membrane
Immune complex deposition in the ________ of epithelial tissues triggers the tissue damage that is characteristic of Type III hypersensitivity reactions.
antigen and antibody
Immune complex diseases are triggered by the formation of free-floating - complexes that can deposit in tissues.
primary
Immunodeficiencies that are based on genetic errors and present at birth (congenital) are called immunodeficiencies.
-Ig E is the most significant antibody type contributing to Type I allergies. -Asthma, food allergies, and allergies to bee stings are examples. -Antihistamine may be used to reduce allergy symptoms.
Please select statements that apply to Type I allergic reactions.
provocative
Subsequent encounters with the same allergen are referred to as
ABO
The four distinct types of blood are referred to as the ________ blood groups.
organic disease radiation chemotherapy infection
The four ways in which secondary immune deficiency diseases are acquired are ______
sensitizing dose
The initial effective exposure to an antigen or an allergen that stimulates an immune response but generally elicits no symptoms is called
bradykinin leukotriene prostaglandins serotonin histamine platelet-activating factor
The main chemical mediators involved in the allergic response include
autoimmune disease
The pathological condition arising from the production of antibodies against autoantigens is called
cytotoxic
The primary cell type responsible for host rejection of a graft is the T cell
Immunopathology
The study of disease states associated with over-reactivity or under activity of the immune response is called
provocative dose
The subsequent exposure to an allergen that triggers an allergic reaction is called
basement membrane
Tissue destruction occurs in type III reactions when immune complexes deposit in the of epithelial tissues.
complement-assisted cell lysis by antibodies
Type II hypersensitivities involve
delayed
Type IV hypersensitivities are called cell-mediated or hypersensitivities.
delayed
Type IV hypersensitivity reactions are _____
immunodeficiency
What name is given to diseases that result from an incompletely developed, suppressed, or destroyed immune system?
Antibody-antigen complexes
Which of the following are involved in immune complex diseases
primary
Which of the following are involved in immune complex diseases
Convulsions Difficulties breathing Itching Sneezing
Which of the following are potential mild and severe symptoms of anaphylaxis?
Cytotoxic T cells
Which of the following cell types is primarily responsible for graft rejection?
anaphylaxis asthma drug allergy hay fever eczema food allergy
Which of the following commonly involve type I allergies?
Lupus
Which of the following conditions is not associated with type I allergic reactions?
Glutamine
Which of the following is NOT a main chemical mediator of the allergic response?
Fever
Which of the following is NOT a possible sign or symptom of anaphylaxis?
Removal of the thymus gland
Which of the following is not a method used to prevent type I allergic reactions?
Anaphylaxis
Which of the following is the term used to describe a severe allergic reaction that can lead to severe respiratory and cardiac complications?
Drug therapy Desensitization therapy Avoiding the allergen
Which of the following methods are commonly used to prevent type I allergic reactions?
Hyposensitivity
disease is defined as a state in which immune function is incompletely developed, suppressed or destroyed.
two
hypersensitivities involve complement-assisted cell lysis by antibodies.
Rh factor
is an antigen on red blood cells that can trigger hemolytic disease in newborns due to incompatibility between maternal and infant blood components.
Allergy
is an exaggerated immune response that is manifested by inflammation.
Atopy
is defined as a localized allergic reaction classified as type I involving IgE antibody; includes symptoms of hay fever, asthma, and skin rash.
Hypersensitivity
is the general term for a localized type I allergic reaction.
Autoimmunity
is the production of antibodies against self antigens
Anaphylaxis
is the unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction to antigen that leads to severe respiratory and cardiac complications.
antibodies
reactive to another blood type may exist in serum even though contact with other blood types has never occurred.
vivo and vitro
the best methods can be used to diagnose allergies.
sensitizing
the dose is the initial exposure to an allergen that stimulates an immune response.