Mbio-16

in vivo and in vitro

Allergies can be diagnosed by ________ methods

may

Blood serum ________ contain preformed antibodies to A and B antigens without prior exposure to the antigens

basement membrane

Immune complex deposition in the ________ of epithelial tissues triggers the tissue damage that is characteristic of Type III hypersensitivity reactions.

antigen and antibody

Immune complex diseases are triggered by the formation of free-floating - complexes that can deposit in tissues.

primary

Immunodeficiencies that are based on genetic errors and present at birth (congenital) are called immunodeficiencies.

-Ig E is the most significant antibody type contributing to Type I allergies. -Asthma, food allergies, and allergies to bee stings are examples. -Antihistamine may be used to reduce allergy symptoms.

Please select statements that apply to Type I allergic reactions.

provocative

Subsequent encounters with the same allergen are referred to as

ABO

The four distinct types of blood are referred to as the ________ blood groups.

organic disease radiation chemotherapy infection

The four ways in which secondary immune deficiency diseases are acquired are ______

sensitizing dose

The initial effective exposure to an antigen or an allergen that stimulates an immune response but generally elicits no symptoms is called

bradykinin leukotriene prostaglandins serotonin histamine platelet-activating factor

The main chemical mediators involved in the allergic response include

autoimmune disease

The pathological condition arising from the production of antibodies against autoantigens is called

cytotoxic

The primary cell type responsible for host rejection of a graft is the T cell

Immunopathology

The study of disease states associated with over-reactivity or under activity of the immune response is called

provocative dose

The subsequent exposure to an allergen that triggers an allergic reaction is called

basement membrane

Tissue destruction occurs in type III reactions when immune complexes deposit in the of epithelial tissues.

complement-assisted cell lysis by antibodies

Type II hypersensitivities involve

delayed

Type IV hypersensitivities are called cell-mediated or hypersensitivities.

delayed

Type IV hypersensitivity reactions are _____

immunodeficiency

What name is given to diseases that result from an incompletely developed, suppressed, or destroyed immune system?

Antibody-antigen complexes

Which of the following are involved in immune complex diseases

primary

Which of the following are involved in immune complex diseases

Convulsions Difficulties breathing Itching Sneezing

Which of the following are potential mild and severe symptoms of anaphylaxis?

Cytotoxic T cells

Which of the following cell types is primarily responsible for graft rejection?

anaphylaxis asthma drug allergy hay fever eczema food allergy

Which of the following commonly involve type I allergies?

Lupus

Which of the following conditions is not associated with type I allergic reactions?

Glutamine

Which of the following is NOT a main chemical mediator of the allergic response?

Fever

Which of the following is NOT a possible sign or symptom of anaphylaxis?

Removal of the thymus gland

Which of the following is not a method used to prevent type I allergic reactions?

Anaphylaxis

Which of the following is the term used to describe a severe allergic reaction that can lead to severe respiratory and cardiac complications?

Drug therapy Desensitization therapy Avoiding the allergen

Which of the following methods are commonly used to prevent type I allergic reactions?

Hyposensitivity

disease is defined as a state in which immune function is incompletely developed, suppressed or destroyed.

two

hypersensitivities involve complement-assisted cell lysis by antibodies.

Rh factor

is an antigen on red blood cells that can trigger hemolytic disease in newborns due to incompatibility between maternal and infant blood components.

Allergy

is an exaggerated immune response that is manifested by inflammation.

Atopy

is defined as a localized allergic reaction classified as type I involving IgE antibody; includes symptoms of hay fever, asthma, and skin rash.

Hypersensitivity

is the general term for a localized type I allergic reaction.

Autoimmunity

is the production of antibodies against self antigens

Anaphylaxis

is the unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction to antigen that leads to severe respiratory and cardiac complications.

antibodies

reactive to another blood type may exist in serum even though contact with other blood types has never occurred.

vivo and vitro

the best methods can be used to diagnose allergies.

sensitizing

the dose is the initial exposure to an allergen that stimulates an immune response.