MCQ unit 2 (missing/forgotten q'a)

A researcher surveyed social adjustment in the same group of 20 people from early childhood through adulthood. In this example, the group of 20 people surveyed was the study's - sample - population - operational definition - control group - randomization

sample

Students from a journalism class ask only their friends to participate in a school newspaper survey and neglect to ask the rest of the student body. The journalism students' data may not be generalizable due to - a lack of debriefing - sampling bias - participant bias - social desirability bias - placebo effects

sampling bias

The most distinctive characteristic of the experimental method is that it - studies a few people in great depth - studied subjects in their natural environment - is an efficient way to discover how people feel - provides a chronological basis for reaching conclusions - seeks to establish cause-effect relationships

seeks to establish cause-effect relationships

A researcher psychologist generalizes from a particular sample to an entire population. This is an example of - statistical inference - random sampling - a correlational study - stratified sampling - descriptive statistics

Statistical inference

2, 11, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 5 What is the mode of the number set above? -2 -3 -4 -5 -9

2

Introspection as practiced by early structuralists is best illustrated by which of the following behaviors - describing ones immediate sensation while looking at a rose - determine the best way for children to learn in school - conditioning an infant to fear rabbits - recalling ones unconscious desires

Describing ones immediate sensation while looking at a rose

What is the correct chronological order of the following perspectives of psychology, from past to present? I. Behaviorism II. Psychoanalysis III. Structuralism IV. Humanism

III, II, I, IV Structure is first stupid. Humanism last

Which of the following is a statistical approach concerned with forming conclusions about the text of the independent variable on variations in the dependent variable? - descriptive - correlational - inferential - factor analysis - qualitative

Inferential

According to the ethics guidelines set by the American psychological association (APA), which of the following is true of psychological research in which animals are used as subjects? - it must not involve the use of surgical procedures. - it is no longer permitted by the APA without special authorization. - it should conform to all APA ethical guidelines for animal research. - it must be limited to investigations that use correlational procedures. - it may not be conducted by psychologists who do not have a license.

It should conform to all APA ethical guidelines for animal research.

In studying the behavior of five year olds in free play situations, a cognitive psychologist would be most interested in the children's - problem-solving strategies - toy preferences - degree of cooperative behavior - pro social play activities - choice of playmates

Problem-solving strategies

Of the following, an evolutionary psychologist will most likely investigate the - age of children when they speak their first words - speed of an action potential - reason why so many people have an innate fear of the dark - factors that make a person feel accepted by others - features of a car that make ur easier for a person to operate

Reason why so many people have an innate fear of the dark

All of the following are American association ethical guidelines for researchers EXCEPT - Research may not involve deception - Participation must be voluntary - Participants must be informed of potential risks - participants must be offered alternate activities of research participation is a course requirement - participants right to privacy must be protected

Research may NOT involve deception

Operational definitions are used for which of the following reason - they enable researchers to replicate studies by precisely describing the variables & how they are used - They exclude mental processes from being studied, as they are no longer considered part of the scientific study of psychology. - they determine which test of statistical significance will be used to analyze the results of the experiment. - they keep the participants in the control group from knowing they have received the placebo.

They enable researchers to replicate studies by precisely describing the variables & how they are used

Dr. Larson was interested in whether classical music helps students perform better on a test. Dr. Larson randomly assigned half of the study's participants to a group that listened to classical music while taking a test. The other half of the participants did not listen to music while taking a test. The research design Dr. Larson used is - case study - experiment - naturalistic observation - correlational study - survey

an experiment

Ethical principles developed by the American psychological association help ensure that human participants in psychological research - get paid for their time & trouble - have not participated in similar research in the past - are protected from physical & psychological harm - understand the hypothesis of the researcher before they take part - keep the purposes of the research project confidential

are protected from physical and psychological harm

A person displays a set of rare behaviors that psychologists had not known about previously, because nobody had ever shown them before. The best strategy to investigate the nature of those behaviors is - an experiment - a survey - a case study - cross-sectional research - correlational research

case study

Which of the following is a term for a variable that researchers do not control & that can affect the results of a study? - independent variable - dependent variable - control variable - confounding variable - continuous variable

confounding variable

According to Wilhelm Wundt, the focus of scientific psychology should be the study of - observable behavior - unconscious motivation - conscious experience - physiology & behavior - evolved psychological mechanisms

conscious experience

In an experiment to test the effects of hunger on aggressive behavior, aggressive behavior would be the - placebo - control - hypothesis - dependent variable - independent variable

dependent variable

In experimental psychology, a significant difference refers to a - difference not likely due to chance - difference not likely due to faulty design - result that indicates a correlation = 1.0 - result that proves a new theory

difference not likely due to chance

Which of the following research approaches would be best for testing the hypothesis that the presence of certain odors causes people to gamble more? -experimental -observational -correlational -survey -case study

experimental

A study can be regarded as scientific only if - it utilizes an effective placebo - it's findings are accepted by experts in the field - it's findings are consistent with established theories - it's conclusions are based on strong correlational data - it's conclusions can be verified or refuted by subsequent studies

its conclusions can be verified or refuted by subsequent studies

Experimental research differs from correlational research in that experimental research - allows for prediction - may reveal a causal relation - established a mathematical relation - defines the strength of a relation - used a dependent variable

may reveal a causal relation

The belief that human behavior is the result of unconscious drives and conflicts represents which of the following theoretical perspectives? - behavioral - biological - cognitive - humanistic - psychoanalytic

psychoanalytic

In order to yield information that is generalizable to the population from which it was drawn, a sample must be - made up of at least 30 members of the population - as large as possible - normally distributed - representative of the population - made up of at least 50 percent of the members of the population

representative of the population

Researchers find that their is a significant, positive correlation between the number of hours students sleep & their grades. The researchers would be justified in concluding that - earning good grades causes people to sleep more - sleeping more cause students to perform better in school - students who earn good grades tend to sleep more than those who do not - more sleep has a beneficial impact on student's grade - sleep deprivation has no impact on school performance

Students who earn good grades tend to sleep more then those who do not

Dorothea Dix was known for - becoming the first woman to be appointed president of American association (APA) - become the first woman to be granted a Ph.D in psychology - documenting the poor conditions of mental asylum, which eventually led to their reform - being the first person to ever be called a psychologist - conducting the little Albert study alongside John Watson

documenting the poor conditions of mental asylums, which eventually led to their reform