MED SURG

A nurse is aware that insulin secretion increases 3 to 5 minutes after a meal and then returns to baseline. If a patient ate breakfast at 7:30 AM, the nurse would expect a baseline level by: 8:30 AM 10:30 AM 12:30 PM 2:30 PM

10:30 AM Serum insulin levels return to baseline within 2 to 3 hours.

Which is a complication of hyperthyroidism? Myxedema coma Hypothyroidism Addisonian crisis Acromegaly

Hypothyroidism A potential complication of hyperthyroidism is hypothyroidism. Myxedema coma is a complication of hypothyroidism. Addisonian crisis is a complication of Addison disease. Acromegaly occurs with excess growth hormone.

A client is diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. Which statement indicates effective client teaching about hiatal hernia and its treatment? "I'll eat three large meals every day without any food restrictions." "I'll lie down immediately after a meal." "I'll gradually increase the amount of heavy lifting I do." "I'll eat frequent, small, bland meals that are high in fiber."

I'll eat frequent, small, bland meals that are high in fiber." In hiatal hernia, the upper portion of the stomach protrudes into the chest when intra-abdominal pressure increases. To minimize intra-abdominal pressure and decrease gastric reflux, the client should eat frequent, small, bland meals that can pass easily through the esophagus. Meals should be high in fiber to prevent constipation and minimize straining on defecation (which may increase intra-abdominal pressure from the Valsalva maneuver). Eating three large meals daily would increase intra-abdominal pressure, possibly worsening the hiatal hernia. The client should avoid spicy foods, alcohol, and tobacco because they increase gastric acidity and promote gastric reflux. To minimize intra-abdominal pressure, the client shouldn't recline after meals, lift heavy objects, or bend.

Which is the most common report by clients with pancreatitis? Tarry, black stools and dark urine Increased and painful urination Increased appetite and weight gain Severe, radiating abdominal pain

Severe, radiating abdominal pain Clients with pancreatitis most commonly report severe mid- to upper-abdominal pain, radiating to both sides and straight to the back. The client may describe the stools as being frothy and foul smelling, not black or tarry. The client's urine may be dark. The client will not experience increased or painful urination, increased appetite, or weight gain.

The nurse assesses bowel sounds and hears one to two bowel sounds in 2 minutes. How should the nurse document the bowel sounds? normal hyperactive hypoactive absent

hypoactive Hypoactive bowel sound is the description given to auscultation of one to two bowel sounds in 2 minutes. Normal bowel sounds are heard every 5 to 20 seconds. Hyperactive bowel sounds occur when five or six sounds are heard in less than 30 seconds. The nurse records that bowel sounds are absent when no sound is heard in 3 to 5 minutes.

A client has been experiencing lower GI difficulties that have increased in severity, and the gastroenterologist is concerned that the client's bowel is not functioning properly. What function of the lower GI tract is most likely to be affected by the client's disorder? water and electrolyte absorption protein digestion fat digestion All options are correct.

water and electrolyte absorption Disorders of the lower GI tract usually affect movement of feces toward the anus, absorption of water and electrolytes, and elimination of dietary wastes.