Med Surg Chapter 42
The recommended adequate intake (RAI) level of calcium for all individuals is ____to _____mg daily.
1000 to 1500
A patient comes back to the clinic with a continued complaint of back pain. What time frame does the nurse understand constitutes "Chronic Pain".
3 months
Primary osteoporosis in women usually begins between ages of ___ and _____.
45 &55, after menopause
The primary deficit in osteomalacia is _____, which promotes calcium absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.
A deficency in activated vitamin D (calcitriol)
A patient diagnosed with osteogenic sarcoma. What laboratory studies should the nurse monitor for the presence of elevation?
Alkaline phosphatase
The major consequence of osteoporosis is ____.
Bone fracture
A patient has been diagnosed with osteomalacia. what common symptom does the nurse recognize that correlates with the diagnostic?
Bone pain and tenderness
A patient diagnosed with CTS ask the nurse about numbness in the fingers and pain in the wrist. In responding to the patient, how would the nurse best describe CTS?
CTS is a neuropathy that is characterized by compression of the median nerve at the wrist
Three medications used to treat pages disease are ___,____,____.
Calcitonin, bisphosphonates, plicamycin
The nurse is accessing the feet of a patient and observes and overgrowth of the horny layer of the epidermis. What does the nurse recognize this condition is?
Corn
A patient shows the nurse a round, firm nodule on the wrist. The pain is described as aching, with some weakness of the fingers. What treatment does the nurse anticipate assisting with
Corticosteroid injections Surgical incisions Aspiration of the cyst
Osteomyelitis with vascular insufficiency which most commonly affects the feet, is seen most often among patients with ____ &_____.
Diabetes, Peripheral vascular disease
A patient comes to the clinic complaining low back pain radiating down the left leg. After diagnostic studies ruled out any pathology, the physician ordered a (SNRI). Which medication does the nurse anticipate educating the patient about
Duloxetine (cymbalta)
The nurse is caring for a patient with bone metastasis from the primary breast cancer. The patient complains with muscle weakness and cause and is voiding large amounts frequently. Cardiac dayrythmias are observed on the telemetry monitor. What should the nurse suspect based on these clinical manifestation?
Hypercalcemia
The nurse has educated the patient with low back pain about techniques to relieve the back pain and prevent further complications. what statement BY the patient shows understanding of the education the nurse provides?
I will avoid prolonged sitting or walking
What is impingement syndrome and what measures are necessary to promote shoulder healing?
Impigment syndrome is a general term that describes impaired movement of the rotator cuf of the shoulder. Impairment usually occurs from repetitive overhead movement of the arm or from acute trauma resulting in irritation and eventual inflammation of the rotator cuff tendons or the subacromial bursa as they grate against the coracoacrominal arch.
The layman term for onychorcryptosis, a common foot condition, is ___.
Ingrown toenail
The intervertebral disks that are subject to the greatest mechanical stress and greatest degenerative changes are_____, _____ and _____.
L4, L5, S1
Bone scan
May disclose infections, tumors, and bone marrow abnormalities.
The most common benign bone tumor is____
Osteochondroma
A patient has been diagnosed with osteomyelitis of the right leg. What signs and symptoms does the nurse recognize that are associated with this diagnose
Pain Erythema Fever
A patient had hand surgery to correct a Dupuytrens contracture. What nursing intervention is a priority postoperatively?
Performing hourly neuromuscular assessment for the first 24 hours
Myelogram
Permits visualization of segments of spinal cord that may have herniated or may be compressed (infrequently performed; indicated when MRI scan is contraindicated)
MRI scan
Permits visualization of the nature and location of spinal pathology.
The nurse is educating the patient with low back pain about the proper way to lift objects. What muscle should the nurse encourage the patient to maximize
Quadriceps
The hospice nurse is assigned to care for a patient with metastatic bone cancer who wants to remain at home. What is the therapeutic goal in the care of this patient?
Relieve pain and discomfort while promoting quality of life
A patient stepped on an acorn while walking barefoot in the backyard and developed an infection progressing to osteomyelitis. What microorganism does the nurse understand is most often the cause of the development of osteomyelitis.
Staphylococcus aures
A patient is having low back pain. What position can the nurse suggest to relieve discomfort/
Supine, with the knees slightly flexed and the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees`
Describe the clinical manifestations associated with septic arthritis
The patient with acute septic arthritis presents with a warm, painful, swollen joint with decreased range of motion. Systemic chills, fever and leukocytes are sometimes present.
Describe the assessment technique used for Tinels sign
Tines sign may be elicited in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome by percussing lightly over the median nerve, located on the inner aspect of the wrist. If the patient reports tingling, numbness, and pain, the test for tinels sign is positive.
EMG (Electromyogram)
Used to evaluate spinal nerve root disorders (radiopathies)
Ultrasound
Useful in detecting tears in ligaments, muscles, tendons and soft tissues in the back.
CT scan
Useful in identifying underlying problems, such as obscure soft tissue lesions adjacent to the vertebral column and problems of the vertebral disk.
Identify at least 5 musculoskeletal problems that can cause acute low back pain.
acute lumbosacral, unstable lumbosacral ligaments,
Bone formation is enhanced by ____, _____&______.
calcium intake, muscular activity, weight bearing