Med surge GI Test

A client has a nasogastric (NG) tube for suction and is NPO after a pancreaticoduodenectomy. Which explanation made by the nurse is the major purpose of this treatment? "The tube helps control fluid and electrolyte imbalance." "The tube provides relief from nausea and vomiting." "The tube allows the gastrointestinal tract to rest." "The tube allows toxins to be removed."

"The tube allows the gastrointestinal tract to rest." Explanation: Postoperative management of clients who have undergone a pancreatectomy or a pancreaticoduodenectomy is similar to the management of clients after extensive gastrointestinal or biliary surgery. An NG tube with suction and parenteral nutrition allow the gastrointestinal tract to rest while promoting adequate nutrition.

Which foods should be avoided following acute gallbladder inflammation? Cooked fruits Cheese Coffee Mashed potatoes

Cheese Explanation: The client should avoid eggs, cream, pork, fried foods, cheese, rich dressings, gas-forming vegetables, and alcohol. It is important to remind the client that fatty foods may induce an episode of cholecystitis. Cooked fruits, rice or tapioca, lean meats, mashed potatoes, non-gas-forming vegetables, bread, coffee, or tea may be consumed as tolerated.

A client with calculi in the gallbladder is said to have: Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis Choledocholithiasis Choledochotomy

Cholelithiasis Explanation: Calculi, or gallstones, usually form in the gallbladder from the solid constituents of bile; they vary greatly in size, shape, and composition. Cholecystitis is acute inflammation of the gallbladder. Choledocholithiasis is a gallstone in the common bile duct. Choledochotomy is an incision into the common bile duct.

A client is diagnosed with a tumor on the head of the pancreas. Which treatment(s) will the nurse anticipate being prescribed to prepare the client for surgery? Select all that apply. Heparin intravenously High protein diet Blood component therapy Pancrelipase Vitamin K supplements

High protein diet Blood component therapy Pancrelipase Vitamin K supplements Explanation: Before extensive surgery can be performed, a period of preparation is necessary because the client's nutritional status and physical condition are quite often compromised. A high-protein diet is often prescribed. Blood component therapy is frequently required. Pancreatic enzymes (such as pancrelipase) which aid in digestion are often prescribed. Preoperative preparation also includes vitamin K to minimize postoperative complications. Anticoagulants like heparin are not prescribed prior to surgery for a tumor on the head of the pancreas as they could increase the risk of bleeding.

The nurse identifies a potential collaborative problem of electrolyte imbalance for a client with severe acute pancreatitis. Which assessment finding alerts the nurse to an electrolyte imbalance associated with acute pancreatitis? Muscle twitching and finger numbness Paralytic ileus and abdominal distention Hypotension Elevated blood glucose concentration

Muscle twitching and finger numbness Explanation: Muscle twitching and finger numbness indicate hypocalcemia, a potential complication of acute pancreatitis. Calcium may be prescribed to prevent or treat tetany, which may result from calcium losses into retroperitoneal (peripancreatic) exudate. The other data indicate other complications of acute pancreatitis but are not indicators of electrolyte imbalance.

A client comes to the ED with severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The physician plans to rule out acute pancreatitis. The nurse would expect the diagnosis to be confirmed by an elevated result on which laboratory test? Serum calcium Serum bilirubin Serum amylase Serum potassium

Serum amylase Explanation: when pancreas is inflamed it dumps amylase into the bloodstream

The nurse is caring for a patient with acute pancreatitis. The patient has an order for an anticholinergic medication. The nurse explains that the patient will be receiving that medication for what reason? To decrease metabolism To depress the central nervous system and increase the pain threshold To reduce gastric and pancreatic secretions To relieve nausea and vomiting

To reduce gastric and pancreatic secretions Explanation: Anticholinergic medications reduce gastric and pancreatic secretion.

Which condition is most likely to have a nursing diagnosis of fluid volume deficit? Appendicitis Pancreatitis Cholecystitis Gastric ulcer

pancreatitis: blood and fluid leak into abdomen if pancreas is necrotic