MS Neuro quiz 1 AP

A nurse is preparing a client for a computed tomography (CT) scan that requires infusion of radiopaque dye. Which question is the most important for the nurse to ask? a) "When did you last take any medication?" b) "How much do you weigh?" c) "Are you allergic to seafood or iodine?" d) "When did you last have something to eat or drink?"

"Are you allergic to seafood or iodine?"

An 81-year-old client fell at home and hit her head. The squad brought her to the ED. The client exhibits signs and symptoms of head trauma with indications of increased ICP. What is normal ventricular ICP? a) 16-20 mm Hg b) 31-40 mm Hg c) 0-15 mm Hg d) 21-30 mm Hg

0-15 mm Hg

A nurse is caring for a client with a brain tumor and increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which intervention should the nurse include in the care plan to reduce ICP? a) Administer stool softeners. b) Provide sensory stimulation. c) Encourage coughing and deep breathing. d) Position the client with the head turned toward the side of the brain tumor.

Administer stool softeners.

Which of the following terms refers to the inability to coordinate muscle movements, resulting in difficulty walking? a) Agnosia b) Spasticity c) Rigidity d) Ataxia

Ataxia

A client was running along an ocean pier, tripped on an elevated area of the decking, and struck his head on the pier railing. According to his friends, "He was unconscious briefly and then became alert and behaved as though nothing had happened." Shortly afterward, he began complaining of a headache and asked to be taken to the emergency department. If the client's intracranial pressure (ICP) is increasing, the nurse should expect to observe which sign first? a) Pupillary asymmetry b) Involuntary posturing c) Irregular breathing pattern d) Declining level of consciousness (LOC)

Declining level of consciousness (LOC)

In the divisions of the nervous systems, the basic structure is the neuron. The function of the neuron is determined by the direction of impulse transmission. Which part of the neuron is responsible for conducting impulses to the cell body? a) Axon b) Nucleus c) Efferent nerve fibers d) Dendrites

Dendrites

Which of the following are sympathetic effects of the nervous system? a) Dilated pupils b) Decreased blood pressure c) Increased peristalsis d) Decreased respiratory rate

Dilated pupils

A client with a brain tumor is complaining of a headache upon awakening. Which nursing action would the nurse take first? a) Complete a head-to-toe assessment. b) Elevate the head of the bed. c) Administer morning dose of anticonvulsant. d) Administer Percocet as ordered.

Elevate the head of the bed.

A female patient has undergone a lumbar puncture for a neurological assessment. The patient is put under the postprocedure care of a nurse. Which of the following important postprocedure nursing interventions should be performed to ensure maximum comfort to the patient? a) Keep the room brightly lit and play soothing music in the background b) Encourage a liberal fluid intake for the patient c) Help the patient take a brisk walk around the testing area d) Administer antihistamines according to the physician's prescription

Encourage a liberal fluid intake for the patient

A nurse is caring for a client with deteriorating neurologic status. The nurse is performing an assessment at the beginning of the shift that reveals a falling blood pressure and heart rate, and the client makes no motor response to stimuli. Which documentation of neuromuscular status is most appropriate? a) Weak muscular tone b) Flaccidity c) Decorticate posturing d) Abnormal posture

Flaccidity

A nurse is working in a neurologist's office. The physician orders a Romberg test. Which nursing action is correct? a) Have the client close his eyes and jump on one foot. b) Have the client touch his nose with one finger. c) Have the client close his eyes and stand erect. d) Have the client close his eyes and discriminate between dull and sharp.

Have the client close his eyes and stand erect.

Which of the following areas of the brain are responsible for temperature regulation? a) Hypothalamus b) Pons c) Thalamus d) Medulla

Hypothalamus

Axons in the central and peripheral nervous systems may, or may not, be myelinated. Those that are myelinated are called white nerve fibers; those without myelination are called gray nerve fibers. What is the function of myelination? a) Insulation to direct electrical conduction b) Increase impulse conduction speed c) Decrease impulse conduction speed d) Inconclusive function, still being investigated

Insulation to direct electrical conduction

You are the nurse caring for a client with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The client also has an ascending paralysis. Knowing the potential complications of the disorder, what should you keep always ready at the bedside? a) Blood pressure apparatus b) Nebulizer and thermometer c) Intubation tray and suction apparatus d) Incentive spirometer

Intubation tray and suction apparatus

What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)? a) It acts as a barrier to bacteria. b) It cushions the brain and spinal cord. c) It produces cerebral neurotransmitters. d) It acts as an insulator to maintain a constant spinal fluid temperature.

It cushions the brain and spinal cord.

The brain is a complex structure and is divided into three parts: the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the brain stem. The brain stem consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. Which part of the brain contains regulatory centers for heartbeat, vasomotor activity and breathing? a) Pons b) Medulla oblongata c) Midbrain d) Cerebral cortex

Medulla oblongata

The Family Nurse Practitioner is performing the physical examination of a client with a suspected neurologic disorder. In addition to assessing other parts of the body, the nurse should assess for neck rigidity. Which method should help the nurse assess for neck rigidity correctly? a) Moving the head and chin toward the chest b) Moving the head toward both sides c) Gently pressing the bones on the neck d) Lightly tapping the lower portion of the neck to detect sensation

Moving the head and chin toward the chest

A nurse is completing a neurological assessment and determines that the client has significant visual deficits. A brain tumor is considered. Considering the functions of the lobes of the brain, which area will most likely contain the neurologic deficit? a) Frontal b) Pariétal c) Temporal d) Occipital

Occipital

The pre-nursing class is learning about the nervous system in their anatomy class. What part of the nervous system would the students learn is responsible for digesting food and eliminating body waste? a) Peripheral b) Sympathetic c) Parasympathetic d) Central

Parasympathetic

A female patient is treated for increased intracranial pressure (ICP). It is important for the patient to avoid hypothermia due to which of the following? a) Hypothermia is indicative of severe meningitis. b) Shivering in hypothermia can increase ICP. c) Hypothermia is indicative of malaria. d) Hypothermia can cause death to the patient.

Shivering in hypothermia can increase ICP.

Within our brains, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is manufactured in the ventricles and constantly circulates around the brain and spinal cord. The CSF functions as a cushion to protect structures and maintain relatively consistent intracranial pressure. Where does CSF circulate? a) Subpial space b) Subdural space c) Subarachnoid space d) Arachnoid space

Subarachnoid space

The brain is a complex structure and is divided into three parts: the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the brain stem. The cerebrum is divided into two hemispheres and is further divided into four lobes per hemisphere. Which section of the brain controls and coordinates muscle movements? a) The cerebellum b) The cerebrum c) The brain stem d) The midbrain

The cerebellum

A patient is currently being stimulated by the parasympathetic nervous system. What effect will this nervous stimulation have on the patient's bladder? a) The parasympathetic nervous system causes urinary retention. b) The parasympathetic nervous system makes the bladder contract. c) The parasympathetic nervous system causes urge incontinence. d) The parasympathetic nervous system causes bladder spasms.

The parasympathetic nervous system makes the bladder contract.

An osmotic diuretic, such as mannitol, is given to the patient with increased intracranial pressure (IICP) for which of the following reasons? a) Reduce cellular metabolic demands b) Control of fever c) To dehydrate the brain and reduce cerebral edema d) Control of shivering

To dehydrate the brain and reduce cerebral edema

In your assessment of a 39-year-old victim of a motor vehicle collision, he directly and accurately answers your questions. Beginning at his head, you note a contusion to his forehead; the client reports a headache. As you assess his pupils, what reaction would confirm your suspicion of increasing intracranial pressure? a) Constricted response b) Rapid response c) Equal response d) Unequal response

Unequal response