Med Term Exam 1
Respiratory System
Composed of nose, pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), bronchial tubes, and lungs. Performs respiration which provides for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body.
Integumentary System
Composed of skin, nails, and glands. Forms a protective covering for the body, regulates body temperature, and helps manufacture vitamin D.
Nervous System
Composed of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Regulates body activities by sending and receiving messages.
Digestive System
Composed of the gastrointestinal tract which includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine plus accessory organs, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. Prepares food for use by the body cells and eliminates waste.
Cardiovascular System
Composed of the heart and blood vessels. Pumps and transports blood throughout the body.
What suffix means the study of?
-logy
In the term sub/hepat/ic, which part is the prefix?
Sub.
Combining form
a word part with the combining vowel attached, separated by a slash.
Combining Vowel
a word part, usually an o, used to ease pronunciation.
Where is the stomach located?
abdominal cavity
Bradypnea means
abnormally slow breathing
A term built from the name of a person, often a physician/scientist who was the 1st to identify a technique or condition, such as Alzheimer disease, is
an eponym.
The term for a substance that produces or stimulates the development of male characteristics is
androgen
Melan
black
Hemat
blood
Cyan
blue
oste
bone
Abdominopelvic Cavity
both the pelvic and abdominal cavities.
Carcin
cancer
Eti
cause (of disease)
Cyt
cell
A hormone that is made by the adrenal glands and is important in the regulation of body metabolism is
cortisone
What is name the space where the brain is housed?
cranial cavity
The combining form that means hidden is
crypt/o
Necr
death (cells, body)
Phrenic means pertaining to the
diaphragm
The suffix -rrhea is defined as
discharge
What is the prefix that means painful, abnormal, difficult, labored?
dys-
A combining vowel is used to
ease word pronunciation.
The outer layer of the skin is called
epidermis
Epitheli
epithelium
An important female sex hormone that is made by the ovaries and acts on the female genitalia is
estrogen
Normal thyroid function is described as
euthyroid
When connecting a word root and a suffix, a combining vowel is used if the suffix doesn't begin with a vowel.
ex. arthr/o/pathy
When connecting a word root and a suffix, a combining vowel is usually not used if the suffix begins with a vowel.
ex. hepat/ic
When connecting two word roots, a combining vowel is usually used even if vowels are present at the junction.
ex. oste/o/arthr/itis
Lip
fat
Fibr
fiber
Aden
gland
Structures of the Endocrine System
glands - such as thyroid, pancreas, adrenals, ovaries, testes, and others
The combining form trich/o means
hair
Crypt
hidden
What is the prefix meaning of below, incomplete, deficient?
hypo-
viscer
internal organs
Prefix
is a word part attached to the beginning of a word root to modify its meaning.
Suffix
is a word part attached to the end of the word root to modify its meaning.
Word Root
is the word part that's the core of the word.
arthr
joint
Gno
knowledge
Bi
life
hepat
liver
The use of English language to form a term
modern language.
My
muscle
In the medical term ungu/al, the word root means
nail
The combining form that means death is
necr/o
Neur
nerve
The combining form that means nail is
onych/o
Sarc
organ
Composed of two or more tissues
organ.
What gland secretes insulin
pancreas
The prefix that means beside, beyond, around, or abnormal is
para-
Where would you locate the bladder?
pelvic cavity
Iatr
physician, treatment
The hypophysis is also called the
pituitary gland
Erythr
red
Aut
self
The combining form cutane/o is defined as
skin
Lei
smooth
Thoracic Cavity
space containing the heart, aorta, lungs, esophagus, trachea, bronchi, and mediastinal area.
Abdominal Cavity
space containing the stomach, intestines, kidneys, adrenal glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, and ureters.
Pelvic Cavity
space containing the urinary bladder, certain reproductive organs, parts of the small and large intestine, and the anus.
Cranial Cavity
space inside the skull (cranium) containing the brain.
Spinal Cavity
space inside the spinal column containing the spinal cord.
Where is the spinal cord contained?
spinal cavity
When connecting a prefix and a word root, a combining vowel isn't used.
sub/hepat/ic
In the term arthr/itis, itis is the
suffix.
The combining form hidr/o is defined as
sweat
Group of organs that function together
system.
Can be translated literally to find their meaning
terms built from word parts.
cannot be easily translated literally to find their meaning
terms not built from word parts.
What is the anatomic term for chest cavity?
thoracic cavity
Hist
tissue
Onc
tumor
ven
vein
Leuk
white
Terms Built From Word Parts (can be translated to find their meanings)
word parts of Greek and Latin origin placed together to form terms that can be translated literally to find their meanings.
Xanth
yellow
Musculoskeletal System
Composed of muscle, bones, and joints. Provides movement and framework for the body, protects vital organs such as the brain, stores calcium, and produces red blood cells.
In the medical term osteo/o/arth/o/pathy, which part is the suffix?
Pathy.
Learning methods of terms built from word parts:
1. analyzing terms 2. defining terms 3. building terms
Word Root Examples in Medical Terms:
1. arthr/itis arthr (joint) is the root word. 2. hepat/itis hepat (liver) is the root word.
Suffix Examples in Medical Terms:
1. hepat/ic -ic (pertaining to) is the suffix and hepat is the liver; therefore hepatic means pertaining to the liver. 2. hepat/itis -itis (inflammation) is the suffix. The medical term hepatitis means inflammation of the liver.
Prefix Examples in Medical Terms:
1. sub/hepat/ic sub- (under) is the prefix. Hepat is the root word for liver, -ic is the suffix for pertaining to. The medical term sub hepatic means pertaining to the liver. 2. intra/ven/ous intra- (within) is the prefix. Ven mean vein is the root word, and -ous (pertaining to) is the suffix. The medical term intravenous means pertaining to within the vein.
Four word parts:
1. word Root 2. suffix 3. prefix 4. combining Vowel
Lymphatic/Immune System
Composed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. Provides defense against infection.
Endocrine System
Composed of glands that secrete hormones. Hormones regulate many body activities.
Urinary System
Composed of kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Removes waste material (urine) from the body, regulates fluid volume, and maintains electrolyte concentration.
Reproductive System
Female reproductive system is composed of ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, and mammary glands. Male reproductive system is composed of testes, urethra, penis, prostate gland, and associated tubes. Responsible for heredity and reproduction.
Languages used in medical terms
Greek and Latin.
Medical language includes terms built from what languages?
Greek and Latin.
